Role of Intestinal Microbiota in the Bioavailability and Physiological Functions of Dietary Polyphenols

Kawabata, Kyuichi; Yoshioka, Yasukiyo; Terao, Junji

doi:10.3390/molecules24020370

Cited by 563Phytochemicals and Antioxidant ActivitiesGut microbiota and healthPomegranate: compositions and health benefits

Role of Intestinal Microbiota in the Bioavailability and Physiological Functions of Dietary Polyphenols

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Kawabata, Kyuichi, Yoshioka, Yasukiyo, Terao, Junji·2019·Molecules

DOI 10.3390/molecules24020370PMC PMC6359708

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Abstract

Polyphenols are categorized as plant secondary metabolites, and they have attracted much attention in relation to human health and the prevention of chronic diseases. In recent years, a considerable number of studies have been published concerning their physiological function in the digestive tract, such as their prebiotic properties and their modification of intestinal microbiota. It has also been suggested that several hydrolyzed and/or fission products, derived from the catabolism of polyphenols by intestinal bacteria, exert their physiological functions in target sites after transportation into the body. Thus, this review article focuses on the role of intestinal microbiota in the bioavailability and physiological function of dietary polyphenols. Monomeric polyphenols, such as flavonoids and oligomeric polyphenols, such as proanthocyanidins, are usually catabolized to chain fission products by intestinal bacteria in the colon. Gallic acid and ellagic acid derived from the hydrolysis of gallotannin, and ellagitannin are also subjected to intestinal catabolism. These catabolites may play a large role in the physiological functions of dietary polyphenols. They may also affect the microbiome, resulting in health promotion by the activation of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) excretion and intestinal immune function. The intestinal microbiota is a key factor in mediating the physiological functions of dietary polyphenols.

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It is likely that resveratrol and epicatechin may improve muscle atrophy by regulating the gut microbiota and their metabolites.
“Considering the reported anti-muscle atrophy effect of some nutraceuticals, such as resveratrol and epicatechin, and the fact that they could modulate the gut microbiome composition and increase circulating levels of short-chain fatty acids [167,168], it is likely that they may improve muscle atrophy by regulating the gut microbiota and their metabolites; nevertheless, future confirmatory studies”
From Nutraceuticals in the Prevention and Treatment of the Muscle Atrophy (2021) · cites this paper as [168]

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The Effect of Pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) Byproducts and Ellagitannins on the Growth of Human Gut Bacteria
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Pomegranate Juice and Extracts Provide Similar Levels of Plasma and Urinary Ellagitannin Metabolites in Human Subjects
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Procyanidins are not bioavailable in rats fed a single meal containing a grapeseed extract or the procyanidin dimer B3
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Anthocyanins and their physiologically relevant metabolites alter the expression of IL‐6 and VCAM‐1 in CD40L and oxidized LDL challenged vascular endothelial cells
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In vitro catabolism of rutin by human fecal bacteria and the antioxidant capacity of its catabolites
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Green Tea Polyphenols Modulate Colonic Microbiota Diversity and Lipid Metabolism in High‐Fat Diet Treated HFA Mice
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Background
Dietary Flavonoids in the Prevention of T2D: An Overview
Alkhalidy, H., Wang, Y., & Liu, D. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10040438 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Kinetic and Spectroscopic Studies on the Quercetin 2,3-Dioxygenase from Bacillus subtilis
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Database of biologically active peptide sequences
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Effect of Curcumin on the Diversity of Gut Microbiota in Ovariectomized Rats
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Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO)-Induced Impairment of Cardiomyocyte Function and the Protective Role of Urolithin B-Glucuronide
Savi, M., Bocchi, L., Bresciani, L., Falco, A., Quaini, F., Mena, P. R., Brighenti, F., Crozier, A., Stilli, D., & Rio, D. D. (2018) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules23030549 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Polyphenols
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Deconjugation and Degradation of Flavonol Glycosides by Pig Cecal Microbiota Characterized by Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (FISH)
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Dietary and Microbial Metabolites in the Regulation of Host Immunity
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Prebiotic effect of predigested mango peel on gut microbiota assessed in a dynamic in vitro model of the human colon (TIM-2)
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Strawberry Processing Does Not Affect the Production and Urinary Excretion of Urolithins, Ellagic Acid Metabolites, in Humans
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Antioxidant properties of major metabolites of quercetin
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Flavonols enhanced production of anti‐inflammatory substance(s) by Bifidobacterium adolescentis: Prebiotic actions of galangin, quercetin, and fisetin
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Gut microbiome, metabolome, and allergic diseases
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Metabolite of ellagitannins, urolithin A induces autophagy and inhibits metastasis in human sw620 colorectal cancer cells
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Bacillus subtilis YxaG is a novel Fe‐containing quercetin 2,3‐dioxygenase
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Metagenomics analysis of gut microbiota modulatory effect of green tea polyphenols by high fat diet-induced obesity mice model
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Effect of Flavan-3-ols on the Adhesion of Potential Probiotic Lactobacilli to Intestinal Cells
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Biotransformation of polyphenols in a dynamic multistage gastrointestinal model
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Transport of Cranberry A-Type Procyanidin Dimers, Trimers, and Tetramers across Monolayers of Human Intestinal Epithelial Caco-2 Cells
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Effects of Pomegranate Chemical Constituents/Intestinal Microbial Metabolites on CYP1B1 in 22Rv1 Prostate Cancer Cells
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The Effects of pH and Rat Intestinal Contents on the Liberation of Ellagic Acid from Purified and Crude Ellagitannins
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Catabolism of (+)-Catechin and (−)-Epicatechin by Rat Intestinal Microbiota
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Target molecules of food phytochemicals: Food science bound for the next dimension
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Anthocyanin‐derived phenolic acids form glucuronides following simulated gastrointestinal digestion and microsomal glucuronidation
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Urolithins Are the Main Urinary Microbial-Derived Phenolic Metabolites Discriminating a Moderate Consumption of Nuts in Free-Living Subjects with Diagnosed Metabolic Syndrome
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Flavonoids and Related Compounds
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Authors: Kawabata, K., Yoshioka, Y., & Terao, J.
Affiliations: Konan Women's University (JP)
Corresponding author: Terao, Junji
ORCID: Kawabata, Kyuichi
Yoshioka, Yasukiyo
Terao, Junji
Venue: Molecules
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2019-01-21
Volume: 24
Issue: 2
Pages: 370
ISSN: 1420-3049 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020370
PMC: PMC6359708
OpenAlex: W2909540292
Cited by: 563
References: 171
Citations by year: 2026: 36 · 2025: 63 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 82 · 2022: 103 · 2021: 105 · 2020: 82 · 2019: 31
FWCI: 7.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
dx.doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Molecules (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (16K00815)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Pomegranate: compositions and health benefits
Keywords: gut microbiota, dietary polyphenols, polyphenol bioavailability, prebiotic properties, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, gallotannins, ellagitannins, gallic acid, ellagic acid, short-chain fatty acids, intestinal immunity, chronic disease prevention
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Biological Availability, Energy Metabolism, Humans, Hydrolysis, Intestinal Mucosa, Research, Dietary Supplements, Gastrointestinal Tract, Prebiotics, Polyphenols, Gastrointestinal Absorption

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Role of Intestinal Microbiota in the Bioavailability and Physiological Functions of Dietary Polyphenols

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