Cited by 5Extracellular vesicles in diseaseNanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryMicroRNA in disease regulation

Human Adult Astrocyte Extracellular Vesicle Transcriptomics Study Identifies Specific RNAs Which Are Preferentially Secreted as EV Luminal Cargo

Open access
Shanthi, Keerthanaa, Fischer, Daniel, Sharma, Abhishek, Kiviniemi, Antti, Kaakinen, Mika, Vainio, Seppo, Bart, Geneviève·2023·Genes

Abstract

Astrocytes are central nervous system (CNS)-restricted glial cells involved in synaptic function and CNS blood flow regulation. Astrocyte extracellular vesicles (EVs) participate in neuronal regulation. EVs carry RNAs, either surface-bound or luminal, which can be transferred to recipient cells. We characterized the secreted EVs and RNA cargo of human astrocytes derived from an adult brain. EVs were isolated by serial centrifugation and characterized with nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), Exoview, and immuno-transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RNA from cells, EVs, and proteinase K/RNase-treated EVs was analyzed by miRNA-seq. Human adult astrocyte EVs ranged in sizes from 50 to 200 nm, with CD81 as the main tetraspanin marker and larger EVs positive for integrin β1. Comparison of the RNA between the cells and EVs identified RNA preferentially secreted in the EVs. In the case of miRNAs, enrichment analysis of their mRNA targets indicates that they are good candidates for mediating EV effects on recipient cells. The most abundant cellular miRNAs were also abundant in EVs, and the majority of their mRNA targets were found to be downregulated in mRNA-seq data, but the enrichment analysis lacked neuronal specificity. Proteinase K/RNase treatment of EV-enriched preparations identified RNAs secreted independently of EVs. Comparing the distribution of cellular and secreted RNA identifies the RNAs involved in intercellular communication via EVs.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3390/genes14040853

Cites

93 of 93 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Since many disorders share the same proteins or micro RNAs as markers, it is impossible to have selective detection of diseases.

    “Also, since many disorders share the same proteins or micro RNAs as markers, it is impossible to have selective detection of diseases [313–317].”

    From Extracellular vesicles as nanotheranostic platforms for targeted neurological disorder interventions (2024) · cites this paper as [313]

    The Results (§3.4, page unavailable) compare miRNAs in human astrocytes and their extracellular vesicles, not markers shared across disorders. Searches for shared disease markers and diagnostic specificity found no passage saying that selective disease detection is impossible. (LLM, conf=0.75)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

3 of the 96 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [51]Ter-Ovanesyan D. Investigation of RNA in Extracellular Vesicles Harvard University ProQuest Dissertations Publishing Cambridge, MA, USA 2019

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Shanthi, K., Fischer, D., Sharma, A., Kiviniemi, A., Kaakinen, M., Vainio, S., & Bart, G.
Affiliations
  • University of Oulu (FI)
  • Natural Resources Institute Finland (FI)
  • Infotech Oulu (FI)
Corresponding author
  • Vainio, Seppo
  • Bart, Geneviève
Venue
Genes
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-03-31
Volume
14
Issue
4
Pages
853
ISSN
2073-4425 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4362586250
Cited by
5
References
96
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2
FWCI
0.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Genes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Jukuri (Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)) (submittedVersion)
Funders
European Commission: MindGAP-H2020-FETOPEN-2018-2020 (Grant agreement ID: 829040)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
Keywords
astrocytes, extracellular vesicles, microRNA, intercellular communication, CD81, beta1 integrin, vesicle size distribution
MeSH terms
Extracellular Vesicles, Adult, Astrocytes, Cell Communication, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Endopeptidase K, MicroRNAs, Transcriptome

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review