Human Adult Astrocyte Extracellular Vesicle Transcriptomics Study Identifies Specific RNAs Which Are Preferentially Secreted as EV Luminal Cargo
Open accessAbstract
Astrocytes are central nervous system (CNS)-restricted glial cells involved in synaptic function and CNS blood flow regulation. Astrocyte extracellular vesicles (EVs) participate in neuronal regulation. EVs carry RNAs, either surface-bound or luminal, which can be transferred to recipient cells. We characterized the secreted EVs and RNA cargo of human astrocytes derived from an adult brain. EVs were isolated by serial centrifugation and characterized with nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), Exoview, and immuno-transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RNA from cells, EVs, and proteinase K/RNase-treated EVs was analyzed by miRNA-seq. Human adult astrocyte EVs ranged in sizes from 50 to 200 nm, with CD81 as the main tetraspanin marker and larger EVs positive for integrin β1. Comparison of the RNA between the cells and EVs identified RNA preferentially secreted in the EVs. In the case of miRNAs, enrichment analysis of their mRNA targets indicates that they are good candidates for mediating EV effects on recipient cells. The most abundant cellular miRNAs were also abundant in EVs, and the majority of their mRNA targets were found to be downregulated in mRNA-seq data, but the enrichment analysis lacked neuronal specificity. Proteinase K/RNase treatment of EV-enriched preparations identified RNAs secreted independently of EVs. Comparing the distribution of cellular and secreted RNA identifies the RNAs involved in intercellular communication via EVs.
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Since many disorders share the same proteins or micro RNAs as markers, it is impossible to have selective detection of diseases.
“Also, since many disorders share the same proteins or micro RNAs as markers, it is impossible to have selective detection of diseases [313–317].”
From Extracellular vesicles as nanotheranostic platforms for targeted neurological disorder interventions (2024) · cites this paper as [313]
The Results (§3.4, page unavailable) compare miRNAs in human astrocytes and their extracellular vesicles, not markers shared across disorders. Searches for shared disease markers and diagnostic specificity found no passage saying that selective disease detection is impossible. (LLM, conf=0.75)
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Moghim, S., Shabani, M., Esfahani, B. N., Ehdaei, B. S., Mirzaei, A., Sharifi, M., & Mouhebat, L. (2019) · Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.4103/1735-5362.253364 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Gaines, D., & Nestorova, G. G. (2021) · Life Sciences in Space Research · doi:10.1016/j.lssr.2021.11.001 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Chen, X., Cheng, P., & Hu, C. (2021) · European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology · doi:10.1007/s00405-021-06636-5 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Cholesterol and Its Derivatives Reversibly Inhibit Proteinase K
Singh, N., & Bhattacharyya, D. (2016) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.25457 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Kovács, O. T., Soltész‐Katona, E., Marton, N., Baricza, E., Hunyady, L., Turu, G., & Nagy, G. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22084221 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Wang, H., Li, J., Tao, L., Lv, L., Sun, J., Zhang, T., Wang, H., & Wang, J. (2022) · Iranian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.18502/ijph.v51i7.10098 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
3 of the 96 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [51]Ter-Ovanesyan D. Investigation of RNA in Extracellular Vesicles Harvard University ProQuest Dissertations Publishing Cambridge, MA, USA 2019
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Li, Z., Yan, J., Li, X., Chen, H., Chen, L., Zhang, Y., Gao, T., Zhang, Y., Shu, Y. L., Pan, S.-Y., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2025.1487627 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Extracellular vesicles as nanotheranostic platforms for targeted neurological disorder interventions
Choi, H. K., Chen, M., Goldston, L. L., & Lee, K.-B. (2024) · Nano Convergence · doi:10.1186/s40580-024-00426-5 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Stewart, R., Hutson, K. H., & Nestorova, G. G. (2024) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.09.040 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Hutson, H. K., Qin, G., Cai, C., & Nestorova, G. G. (2025) · Journal of Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2025.105418 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Hutson, H. K., Qin, G., Cai, C., & Nestorova, G. G. (2026) · Proteomes · doi:10.3390/proteomes14020024 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Shanthi, K., Fischer, D., Sharma, A., Kiviniemi, A., Kaakinen, M., Vainio, S., & Bart, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Oulu (FI)
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (FI)
- Infotech Oulu (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Vainio, Seppo
- Bart, Geneviève
- ORCID
- Venue
- Genes
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-03-31
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 853
- ISSN
- 2073-4425 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10138286
- OpenAlex
- W4362586250
- Cited by
- 5
- References
- 96
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 0.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Genes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Jukuri (Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission: MindGAP-H2020-FETOPEN-2018-2020 (Grant agreement ID: 829040)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Keywords
- astrocytes, extracellular vesicles, microRNA, intercellular communication, CD81, beta1 integrin, vesicle size distribution
- MeSH terms
- Extracellular Vesicles, Adult, Astrocytes, Cell Communication, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Endopeptidase K, MicroRNAs, Transcriptome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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