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Engineering Exosomes for Cancer Therapy

Gilligan, Katie, Dwyer, Róisín·2017·International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DOI 10.3390/ijms18061122PMC PMC5485946
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Abstract

There remains an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies to treat metastatic cancer, which results in over 8 million deaths annually worldwide. Following secretion, exosomes are naturally taken up by cells, and capable of the stable transfer of drugs, therapeutic microRNAs and proteins. As knowledge of the biogenesis, release and uptake of exosomes continues to evolve, and thus also has interest in these extracellular vesicles as potential tumor-targeted vehicles for cancer therapy. The ability to engineer exosome content and migratory itinerary holds tremendous promise. Studies to date have employed viral and non-viral methods to engineer the parent cells to secrete modified exosomes, or alternatively, to directly manipulate exosome content following secretion. The majority of studies have demonstrated promising results, with decreased tumor cell invasion, migration and proliferation, along with enhanced immune response, cell death, and sensitivity to chemotherapy observed. The studies outlined in this review highlight the exciting potential for exosomes as therapeutic vehicles for cancer treatment. Successful implementation in the clinical setting will be dependent upon establishment of rigorous standards for exosome manipulation, isolation, and characterisation.

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Metadata

Authors
Gilligan, K., & Dwyer, R.
Venue
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2017-05-24
Volume
18
Issue
6
Pages
1122
ISSN
1422-0067
DOI
10.3390/ijms18061122
PMC
PMC5485946
Cited by
266
References
6
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Funders
Irish Research Council (GOIPG/2016/978)

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