The Candida albicans Inhibitory Activity of the Extract from Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Seed Relates to Mitochondria Dysfunction
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The inhibitory activity of the papaya seed extract (PSE) on Candida albicans (C. albicans) was determined by turbidimetry method. The inhibitory mechanisms were also evaluated from the prospective of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) decrease, and the activities of four complex enzymes in mitochondria respiratory chain. Results obtained from this study indicated that the PSE exhibited an effective inhibitory activity on C. albicans and induced significant accumulation of ROS and collapse of MMP. The Complex I and Complex III exhibited continues significant decrease in mitochondrial enzyme activity assays, but the Complex II and Complex IV activities were not positively correlated. Furthermore, the GC-MS analysis demonstrated that the PSE represents a rich and high-purity source of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), which indicated the BITC may be responsible for the mitochondrial dysfunction.
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The inhibitory mechanisms of PSE are attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction for ROS generation and MMP collapse.
“The inhibitory mechanisms of PSE are attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction for ROS generation and MMP collapse (74).”
From Recent Progress in Research on Mitochondrion-Targeted Antifungal Drugs: a Review (2023) · cites this paper as [74]
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- Authors
- Zhang, T., & Chen, W.
- Affiliations
- Jiangnan University (CN)
- Hainan University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Weijun
- Venue
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2017-08-25
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1858
- ISSN
- 1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5618507
- OpenAlex
- W2749360548
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 3.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Papaya Research and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Piperaceae Chemical and Biological Studies
- Keywords
- Candida albicans, papaya seed extract, Carica papaya, antifungal activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial respiratory chain, complex I, cytochrome bc1 complex, benzyl isothiocyanate, plant-derived antifungal compounds
- MeSH terms
- Antifungal Agents, Candida albicans, Enzyme Activation, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mitochondria, Plant Extracts, Seeds, Reactive Oxygen Species, Matrix Metalloproteinases, Carica, Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial
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