Cited by 218Fatty Acid Research and HealthAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsDementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

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Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Neurodegenerative Diseases: New Evidence in Clinical Trials

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Avallone, Rossella, Vitale, Giovanni, Bertolotti, Marco·2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences

DOI 10.3390/ijms20174256PMC PMC6747747

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Abstract

A nutritional approach could be a promising strategy to prevent or slow the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease, since there is no effective therapy for these diseases so far. The beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids are now well established by a plethora of studies through their involvement in multiple biochemical functions, including synthesis of anti-inflammatory mediators, cell membrane fluidity, intracellular signaling, and gene expression. This systematic review will consider epidemiological studies and clinical trials that assessed the impact of supplementation or dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases. Indeed, treatment with omega-3 fatty acids, being safe and well tolerated, represents a valuable and biologically plausible tool in the management of neurodegenerative diseases in their early stages.

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Figure 1 Endogenous synthesis of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their involvement in inflammation. 15-LOX: 15-Lipoxygenase, 5-LOX: 5-Lipoxygenase, 12/15-LOX: 12/15 Lipoxygenase, CYP-450: Cytochrome P450.CC BY · PubMed Central

Figure 2 Amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing pathways. The non-amyloidogenic pathway (a) occurs upon sequential cleavage by α- and γ-secretases (non-pathological situation). The amyloidogenic pathway route (b) occurs when cleavage is carried out sequentially by β- and γ secretases (pathological situation). Letters α, β, and γ represent each type of secretase. APP: Amyloid precursor protein, APPsα: Soluble α-APP, APPsβ: Soluble β-APP. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, proposed to inhibit APP processing, are shown in orange dashed lines.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Authors: Avallone, R., Vitale, G., & Bertolotti, M.
Affiliations: University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (IT)
Corresponding author: Avallone, Rossella
ORCID: Avallone, Rossella
Vitale, Giovanni
Bertolotti, Marco
Venue: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2019-08-30
Volume: 20
Issue: 17
Pages: 4256
ISSN: 1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174256
PMC: PMC6747747
OpenAlex: W2963446643
Cited by: 218
References: 83
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 1
FWCI: 3.30
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
dx.doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Preprints.org (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Modena (2018.0334)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Keywords: omega-3 fatty acids, neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, dietary supplementation, polyunsaturated fatty acids, anti-inflammatory mediators, cell membrane fluidity, intracellular signaling, gene expression, disease prevention
MeSH terms: Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Observational Studies as Topic

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Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Neurodegenerative Diseases: New Evidence in Clinical Trials

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