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Cited by 6Fatty Acid Research and HealthGenetics and Neurodevelopmental DisordersAutism Spectrum Disorder Research

Alteration of Fatty Acid Profile in Fragile X Syndrome

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Abolghasemi, Armita, Carullo, Maria Paulina, Aguilera, Ester Cisneros, Laroui, Asma, Plantefeve, Rosalie, Rojas, Daniela, Benachenhou, Serine, Ramírez, María Victoria +7 more·2022·International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DOI 10.3390/ijms231810815PMC PMC9502195
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Abstract

Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most prevalent monogenic cause of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). Despite a common genetic etiology, the affected individuals display heterogenous metabolic abnormalities including hypocholesterolemia. Although changes in the metabolism of fatty acids (FAs) have been reported in various neuropsychiatric disorders, it has not been explored in humans with FXS. In this study, we investigated the FA profiles of two different groups: (1) an Argentinian group, including FXS individuals and age- and sex-matched controls, and (2) a French-Canadian group, including FXS individuals and their age- and sex-matched controls. Since phospholipid FAs are an indicator of medium-term diet and endogenous metabolism, we quantified the FA profile in plasma phospholipids using gas chromatography. Our results showed significantly lower levels in various plasma FAs including saturated, monosaturated, ω-6 polyunsaturated, and ω-3 polyunsaturated FAs in FXS individuals compared to the controls. A decrease in the EPA/ALA (eicosapentaenoic acid/alpha linoleic acid) ratio and an increase in the DPA/EPA (docosapentaenoic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid) ratio suggest an alteration associated with desaturase and elongase activity, respectively. We conclude that FXS individuals present an abnormal profile of FAs, specifically FAs belonging to the ω-3 family, that might open new avenues of treatment to improve core symptoms of the disorder.

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  • Individuals with FXS have reduced peripheral cholesterol and triacylglycerol, and an abnormal profile of fatty acids.

    “Individuals with FXS have reduced peripheral cholesterol and triacylglycerol (TAG), and an abnormal profile of fatty acids (FA)19–21, which questions the appropriateness of the lovastatin treatment.”

    From An iPSC-derived astrocyte model of fragile X syndrome exhibits dysregulated cholesterol homeostasis (2023) · cites this paper as [21]

    The Results (section 2.2) report lower plasma fatty-acid levels in FXS, and the Discussion reports previously observed lower plasma cholesterol. The paper does not report reduced triacylglycerol: its Methods (section 4.3) mention triglycerides only as part of an analytical standard. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Clinical studies have shown that peripheral cholesterol levels are reduced in FXS males and that an abnormal plasma lipid profile including decreased n-6 PUFAs and n-3 PUFAs occurs in FXS.

    “Clinical studies have shown that peripheral cholesterol levels are reduced in FXS males and the recent report of Abolghasemi et al. showed an abnormal plasma lipid profile including decreased n-6 PUFAs and n-3 PUFAs in FXS21.”

    From An iPSC-derived astrocyte model of fragile X syndrome exhibits dysregulated cholesterol homeostasis (2023) · cites this paper as [21]

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References 59 · Cited by 6

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Authors
Abolghasemi, A., Carullo, M. P., Aguilera, E. C., Laroui, A., Plantefeve, R., Rojas, D., Benachenhou, S., Ramírez, M. V., Proteau-Lemieux, M., Lepage, J.-F., Corbin, F., Plourde, M., Farez, M., Cogram, P., & Çaku, A.
Affiliations
  • Université de Sherbrooke (CA)
  • Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia (AR)
  • Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
  • Fraunhofer Chile Research Foundation (CL)
Corresponding author
Çaku, Artuela
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-09-16
Volume
23
Issue
18
Pages
10815
ISSN
1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijms231810815
PMC
PMC9502195
OpenAlex
W4296345918
Cited by
6
References
59
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2
FWCI
0.93
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Fraxa research foundation
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Keywords
fragile X syndrome, fatty acid composition, plasma phospholipids, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, desaturase activity, hypocholesterolemia, autism spectrum disorder, dietary fatty acids
MeSH terms
Fatty Acid Elongases, Canada, Fatty Acids, Fragile X Syndrome, Humans, Phospholipids, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Linoleic Acid, Fatty Acid Desaturases

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