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Cited by 485Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsFatty Acid Research and HealthDementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

Lipids and Alzheimer’s Disease

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Kao, Yu-Chia, Ho, Pei-Chuan, Tu, Yuan-Kun, Jou, I-Ming, Tsai, Kuen-Jer·2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DOI 10.3390/ijms21041505PMC PMC7073164
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Abstract

Lipids, as the basic component of cell membranes, play an important role in human health as well as brain function. The brain is highly enriched in lipids, and disruption of lipid homeostasis is related to neurologic disorders as well as neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Aging is associated with changes in lipid composition. Alterations of fatty acids at the level of lipid rafts and cerebral lipid peroxidation were found in the early stage of AD. Genetic and environmental factors such as apolipoprotein and lipid transporter carrying status and dietary lipid content are associated with AD. Insight into the connection between lipids and AD is crucial to unraveling the metabolic aspects of this puzzling disease. Recent advances in lipid analytical methodology have led us to gain an in-depth understanding on lipids. As a result, lipidomics have becoming a hot topic of investigation in AD, in order to find biomarkers for disease prediction, diagnosis, and prevention, with the ultimate goal of discovering novel therapeutics.

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  • Imbalance of lipid homeostasis is associated with a high risk of Alzheimer's disease.

    “Research shows that the imbalance of lipid homeostasis is associated with a high risk of AD [105,106].”

    From Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment Strategies and Their Limitations. (2022) · cites this paper as [105]

    The Abstract links disruption of lipid homeostasis to Alzheimer’s disease, and the Conclusions say saturated and trans fats are strongly associated with AD risk. The paper does not establish that lipid-homeostasis imbalance in general is associated with a high risk; its risk statements concern particular lipids and conditions. Our copy provides no page numbers for these passages. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Lipid classes PS, PE, sulfatide, cerebroside and PA are important to cognitive functions.

    “Brain lipidomics analysis indicates that apoE3-Jac expression increases several classes of lipids, such as PS, PE, sulfatide, cerebroside and PA, which are important to cognitive functions (38–40).”

    From <i>APOE3</i> -Jacksonville (V236E) variant reduces self-aggregation and risk of dementia (2021) · cites this paper as [40]

    Section 11.1 reports that PE is reduced in Alzheimer’s disease brains and that some PE reductions correlate with disease severity; section 12.4 reports an early decline in sulfatides. The review identifies cerebrosides as sphingolipids (section 12), but these passages do not establish that PS, cerebroside and PA are important to cognitive functions, or make that claim for all five listed classes. The apoE3-Jac increase is not the part attributed to this source. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Pathway analyses identified immune-related pathways that may be relevant for the mechanisms of microglial aging, including STAT-3 and IL-6 signaling, and LXR/RXR activation.

    “Our pathway analyses identified immune-related pathways that may be of relevance for the mechanisms of microglial aging, including STAT-3 and IL-6 signaling, as well as LXR/RXR activation, which has emerged as a key player in regulating cholesterol homeostasis and inflammation in the brain with a potential role in neurodegenerative disorders65–67.”

    From Genetic analysis of the human microglial transcriptome across brain regions, aging and disease pathologies (2022) · cites this paper as [66]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Kao, Y.-C., Ho, P.-C., Tu, Y.-K., Jou, I.-M., & Tsai, K.-J.
Affiliations
  • E-Da Hospital (TW)
  • National Cheng Kung University (TW)
  • National Cheng Kung University Hospital (TW)
Corresponding author
Tsai, Kuen-Jer
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-02-22
Volume
21
Issue
4
Pages
1505
ISSN
1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijms21041505
PMC
PMC7073164
OpenAlex
W3006871825
Cited by
485
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 50 · 2025: 90 · 2024: 101 · 2023: 95 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 19
FWCI
7.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST-105-2628-B-006-016-MY3 and MOST-106-2628-B-006-001-MY4)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, lipids, lipid homeostasis, brain lipid composition, lipid rafts, lipid peroxidation, fatty acids, aging, apolipoproteins, lipid transfer proteins, dietary fat, lipidomics, biomarkers, neurodegenerative diseases
MeSH terms
Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Blood-Brain Barrier, Brain, Fatty Acids, Humans, Lipids, Membrane Microdomains, Lipid Metabolism

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