CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 234Probiotics and Fermented FoodsAnimal Diversity and Health StudiesInfant Nutrition and Health

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 72 of the 75 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

In Vitro Probiotic Potential and Safety Evaluation (Hemolytic, Cytotoxic Activity) of Bifidobacterium Strains Isolated from Raw Camel Milk

Open access
Yasmin, Iqra, Saeed, Muhammad, Khan, Wahab Ali, Khaliq, Adnan, Chughtai, Muhammad Farhan Jahangir, Iqbal, Rabia, Tehseen, Saima, Naz, Saima, Liaqat, Atif, Mehmood, Tariq, Ahsan, Samreen, Tanweer, Saira·2020·Microorganisms
DOI 10.3390/microorganisms8030354PMC PMC7143641
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

The present study was designed to isolate Bifidobacterium strains from raw camel milk and to investigate their probiotic characteristics. Among 35 isolates, 8 were identified as Gram-positive, catalase negative, non-spore forming, non-motile and V or Y shaped rods. B-2, B-5, B-11, B-19 and B-28 exhibited good survival at low pH and high bile salt concentration. Most of the isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid, fusidic acid, polymyxin B, neomycin, streptomycin, gentamicin, rifampicin and kanamycin. Furthermore, the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS), adhesion characteristics, antioxidant properties, antagonistic activities, nitrite reduction and cholesterol assimilation were also studied. Isolate B-11 was chosen because it exhibited most of the probiotic properties among all the tested isolates. It is identified as the member of Bifidobacterium longum group through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and named as B. longum B-11. B. longum B-11 was further selected for in vivo attachment to rat intestine and scanning electron micrographs revealed that attachment of a large number of rods shaped bacterial cell. Our findings suggest that B. longum B-11 processes excellent attributes to be used as potential probiotic in the development of functional probiotic food.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3390/microorganisms8030354

Cites

72 of 72 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Figure 1 Survival (%) of isolates under gastrointestinal conditions (a) Tolerance to low pH (2 and 3) (b) Tolerance to different concentrations of bile salt i.e., 0.1%, 0.5% and 1%. Each value represents the mean value ±standard deviation (SD) (n = 3). Bars with different lower-case letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).
Figure 1 Survival (%) of isolates under gastrointestinal conditions (a) Tolerance to low pH (2 and 3) (b) Tolerance to different concentrations of bile salt i.e., 0.1%, 0.5% and 1%. Each value represents the mean value ±standard deviation (SD) (n = 3). Bars with different lower-case letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Autoaggregation (%) of isolates is calculated after 2 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h of incubation. Each value represents the mean value ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 3). Bars with different lower-case letters denoted significantly different (p < 0.05).
Figure 2 Autoaggregation (%) of isolates is calculated after 2 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h of incubation. Each value represents the mean value ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 3). Bars with different lower-case letters denoted significantly different (p < 0.05).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 Resistance to hydrogen peroxide is determined by calculating the bacterial count of isolates at different concentration of hydrogen peroxide i.e., 0.5 mM, 1 mM and 1.5 mM. Each value represents the mean value ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 3). Bars with different lower-case letters denoted significantly different (p < 0.05).
Figure 3 Resistance to hydrogen peroxide is determined by calculating the bacterial count of isolates at different concentration of hydrogen peroxide i.e., 0.5 mM, 1 mM and 1.5 mM. Each value represents the mean value ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 3). Bars with different lower-case letters denoted significantly different (p < 0.05).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 4 Cholesterol reduction (%) of isolates after 6 h, 12 h and 24 h of incubation. Each value represents the mean value ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 3). Bars with different lower-case letters denoted significantly different (p < 0.05).
Figure 4 Cholesterol reduction (%) of isolates after 6 h, 12 h and 24 h of incubation. Each value represents the mean value ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 3). Bars with different lower-case letters denoted significantly different (p < 0.05).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 5 Cytotoxicity to observed the survival (%) of isolates after 8 h and 24 h of incubation. Each value represents the mean value ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 3). Bars with different lower-case letters denoted significantly different (p < 0.05).
Figure 5 Cytotoxicity to observed the survival (%) of isolates after 8 h and 24 h of incubation. Each value represents the mean value ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 3). Bars with different lower-case letters denoted significantly different (p < 0.05).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 6 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of excised rat GIT showing presence of large number of coccus-shaped bacteria on the upper surface (G0) (a). The rat administrated with B. longum B-11 displayed huge number of rods on the microvilli of GIT (G1) (b). Magnified images of B. longum B-11 showing bacterial cell are V or Y shaped rods (c).
Figure 6 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of excised rat GIT showing presence of large number of coccus-shaped bacteria on the upper surface (G0) (a). The rat administrated with B. longum B-11 displayed huge number of rods on the microvilli of GIT (G1) (b). Magnified images of B. longum B-11 showing bacterial cell are V or Y shaped rods (c).CC BY · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Ashmaig, 2009, Identification of lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditional Sudanese fermented camels milk (Gariss), Afri. J. Microbiol. Res., 3, 451
  2. Biratu, 2016, Chemical composition and microbiological quality of Dhanaan: Traditional fermented camel milk produced in eastern Ethiopia, Inter. Food Res. J., 23, 2223

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 234

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Yasmin, I., Saeed, M., Khan, W. A., Khaliq, A., Chughtai, M. F. J., Iqbal, R., Tehseen, S., Naz, S., Liaqat, A., Mehmood, T., Ahsan, S., & Tanweer, S.
Affiliations
  • Government College Women University Faisalabad (PK)
  • University of Agriculture Faisalabad (PK)
  • Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology (PK)
  • Nur International University (PK)
  • Islamia University of Bahawalpur (PK)
Corresponding author
Yasmin, Iqra
ORCID
Venue
Microorganisms
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-03-02
Volume
8
Issue
3
Pages
354
ISSN
2076-2607 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/microorganisms8030354
PMC
PMC7143641
OpenAlex
W3009449643
Cited by
233
References
75
Citations by year
2026: 37 · 2025: 57 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 3
FWCI
14.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Microorganisms (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Greater South Information System
Funders
Higher Education Commission, Pakistan (IRSIP 32)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Animal Diversity and Health Studies
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
Keywords
Bifidobacterium, probiotics, camel milk, Bifidobacterium longum, antimicrobial resistance, bile salt tolerance, acid resistance, exopolysaccharide production, adhesion, antioxidant activity, nitrite reduction, cholesterol assimilation, intestinal colonization, functional foods

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review