Association between Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Physical Fitness with Body Composition Parameters in 1717 European Adolescents: The AdolesHealth Study
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Obesity, low levels of physical fitness, and unhealthy eating patterns are responsible for part of the health problems of adolescents today. The current study aimed at examining the association between the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), through each answer to the items of the Adherence to the MD Questionnaire (KIDMED), and physical fitness with body composition parameters (body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat, and waist circumference) in 1717 European adolescents (N = 900 boys, N = 817 girls). Data of body composition, physical fitness results, and the answers to KIDMED were analyzed by the Student’s t-test. Additionally, the effect size (ES) was calculated and a Chi-square test analyzed the proportion of participants with and without over waist circumference, overfat, and overweight in each KIDMED question. The relative risk of suffering over waist circumference, overfat and overweight in relation to the responses was calculated by Odd-Ratio. Adherence to the MD did not influence the condition of over waist circumference, overfat and overweight, although certain dietary habits were identified as risk factors for their development. Over waist circumference, overfat, and overweight boys and girls presented higher levels of body mass, waist circumference, body fat percentage, and BMI (p < 0.001; ES = 1.73–3.38), as well as lower levels of all the parameters of the physical fitness analyzed (p < 0.001; ES = 0.45–1.08), except the handgrip test. A direct relationship between fitness and over waist circumference, overfat, and overweight was found.
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Consumption of fish, nuts and dairy products can be related to better body composition and fitness performance in adolescents, in terms of speed/agility and cardiorespiratory endurance.
“The consumption of fish, nuts and dairy products, representing a fundamental aspect in the MedDiet, can be related to a better body composition and fitness performance in adolescents, in terms of speed/agility and cardiorespiratory endurance [23].”
From Mediterranean diet nutrients to turn the tide against insulin resistance and related diseases (2020) · cites this paper as [23]
Adherence to the Mediterranean eating style can give health advantages starting from young age.
“As recently evidenced in cross-sectional investigations, adherence to the Mediterranean eating style can give health advantages starting from young age [23].”
From Mediterranean diet nutrients to turn the tide against insulin resistance and related diseases (2020) · cites this paper as [23]
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Wrotniak, B. H., Georger, L. A., Hill, D. L., Zemel, B. S., & Stettler, N. (2018) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdy064 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 89 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Mediterranean diet nutrients to turn the tide against insulin resistance and related diseases
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“The consumption of fish, nuts and dairy products, representing a fundamental aspect in the MedDiet, can be related to a better body composition and fitness performance in adolescents, in terms of speed/agility and cardiorespiratory endurance [23].”
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Galan‐Lopez, P., Domínguez, R., Gísladóttir, Þ., Sánchez-Oliver, A. J., Pihu, M., Ríes, F., & Klonizakis, M. (2021) · Children · doi:10.3390/children8030188 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
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Role of Vitamin B12 and Folate in Metabolic Syndrome
Ashok, T., Puttam, H., Tarnate, V. C. A., Jhaveri, S., Avanthika, C., Treviño, A. G. T., Sandeep, S. L., & Ahmed, N. (2021) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.18521 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Mediterranean diet and adiposity in children and adolescents: A systematic review
Lassale, C. M., Fitó, M., Morales‐Suárez‐Varela, M., Moyá, A., Gómez, S. F., & Schröder, H. (2021) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13381 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
López-Gajardo, M. Á., Marcos, F. M. L., Miguel, P. A. S., López-Gajardo, D., Soulas, C., & Tapia‐Serrano, M. Á. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.945721 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Dietary Management for Adolescents with Prader–Willi Syndrome
Miller, J. L., & Tan, M. (2020) · Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics · doi:10.2147/ahmt.s214893 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Influence of Lifestyle Habits in the Development of Obesity during Adolescence
Lucas, P. J. C., Sánchez‐Cubo, F., Vargas, M. V., & Jiménez, J. M. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19074124 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Mateo‐Orcajada, A., Abenza‐Cano, L., Cano-Martínez, A., & Vaquero‐Cristóbal, R. (2022) · Children · doi:10.3390/children9121926 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Khani, M., Afsahi, R., Nasab, A. E., Bi’aragh, S. H., Rasouli, K., Ahangar, M. H., Soltani, A., & Pourahmad, R. (2025) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-025-01925-z · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Saputra, E. M., Putra, M. E., Rianto, L., Tjahyanto, T., Widiyati, R., & Aziz, I. (2023) · Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research · doi:10.26418/tajor.v1i1.63856 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Romero-García, D., Esparza-Ros, F., García, M. P., Martínez-Sanz, J. M., & Vaquero‐Cristóbal, R. (2022) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.14329 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
González-Jurado, J. A., Carmona, W. S., López, S., & Sánchez-Oliver, A. J. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17176168 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Energy and protein intake in the Colombian population: results of the 2015 ENSIN population survey
Herrán, O., Gamboa-Delgado, E., & Zea, M. D. P. (2021) · Journal of Nutritional Science · doi:10.1017/jns.2021.2 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Indreica, E.-S., Bădicu, G., & Nobarı, H. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19052554 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Bozkurt, B. K., Ermumcu, M. Ş. K., Gövez, N. E., Bozkurt, O., Akpinar, Ş., Çelik, Ö. M., Köksal, E., & Tek, N. A. (2023) · Nutrición Hospitalaria · doi:10.20960/nh.04545 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Mohammadian, K., Basirian, N., Fakhar, F., Keramat, S., & Stanek, A. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18050763 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Investigating psychological variables for technologies promoting physical activity
Rick, P., Sánchez-Martín, M., Singh, A., Navas-León, S., Mas, M. D. L. M. B., Bianchi‐Berthouze, N., & Tajadura‐Jiménez, A. (2022) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076221116559 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Tsartsapakis, I., Papadopoulos, P. D., Stavrousis, D., Dalamitros, A. A., Chatzipanteli, A., Chalatzoglidis, G., Gerou, M., & Zafeiroudi, A. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12161579 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Martínez-Torres, J., Villegas, J. A. G., & Aguirre-Acevedo, D. C. (2022) · Andes pediatrica · doi:10.32641/andespediatr.v93i6.4408 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Bagheri, M., Nouri, M., Homayounfar, R., & Akhlaghi, M. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-41935-3 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Krittayaphong, R., Treesuwan, W., Pramyothin, P., Songsangjinda, T., Kaolawanich, Y., Srivanichakorn, W., Jangtawee, P., Yindeengam, A., Tanapibunpon, P., & Vanavichit, A. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-72246-w · Cited by 7 · see citing works
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Mediterranean Diet—A Healthy Dietary Pattern and Lifestyle for Strong Immunity
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Self-citationProfile Of Physical Fitness Basketball Student Extracurricular
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Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Some Anthropometric Measurements of University Students
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- Authors
- Galan-Lopez, P., Sanchez-Oliver, A. J., Pihu, M., Gísladóttír, T., Domínguez, R., & Ries, F.
- Affiliations
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville (Research Lab HUM 962: Sports and Society), 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Human Motricity and Sports Performance, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- University of Tartu (EE)
- Research Center for Sport and Health Science, School of Education, University of Iceland, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland
- Universidad Isabel I (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Domínguez, Raúl
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-12-27
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 77
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7019378
- OpenAlex
- W2997599637
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5
- FWCI
- 5.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Deposito de Investigacion Universidad de Sevilla (University of Seville) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Opin vísindi (Opin vísindi) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Universidad de Sevilla (Research Program 2013-2016)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Keywords
- Mediterranean diet adherence, physical fitness, body composition, adolescents, overweight, obesity, waist circumference, body fat percentage, body mass index, dietary habits, KIDMED questionnaire, grip strength
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Body Composition, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Physical Fitness, Surveys and Questionnaires, Body Mass Index, Diet, Mediterranean, Adiposity, Overweight, Waist Circumference
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