Evidence-Based Lifestyle Guidelines and Self-Management Strategies Utilized by Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Open accessAbstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder, affecting 13% of reproductive-aged women. While lifestyle management is the first-line treatment for improving complications, women experience challenges with implementation. This cross-sectional study aims to identify the types and sources of dietary and physical activity (PA) interventions implemented by women with PCOS and understand how they use self-management strategies to support lifestyle change. An online questionnaire was disseminated via a consumer-based PCOS website (May 2015–2016). Women (n = 1167) were aged 18–45 years and primarily born within the United States (70%). A quarter or less of women (diet 25%, PA 14%) sought lifestyle advice from health professionals (medical clinicians or dietitians) compared to over half (diet 59%, PA 67%) using alternative sources, namely from online platforms. While only 33% and 16% of women reported following formal dietary or PA guidelines, respectively, 57% had implemented a ‘special diet’ to manage their condition, many of which were inconsistent with evidence-based practice in PCOS. Participants also displayed a low level of engagement with important self-management behaviors, including goal setting and positive self-talk. These findings suggest that online information may promote inaccurate and ineffective lifestyle advice and emphasize the need to increase engagement with qualified health professionals.
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Publication dates of participant voices papers ranged from 2007 to 2023, with the majority from Australia (n = 6), two from the UK, and one from Canada.
“The publication dates ranged from 2007 to 2023, with the majority originating from Australia (n = 6) [17,44,45,97,99,102], while two originated from the UK [100,101], and one from Canada [98].”
From Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Internet of Things: A Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [97]
The citation to this paper is attached to the group described as originating from Australia. But the paper’s Strengths and Limitations section says its research was conducted predominantly among women residing in the United States; its Sample Population section also describes recruitment at symposiums in Atlanta and Philadelphia. The paper’s 2023 publication fits the stated date range, but its placement among the Australian studies conflicts with its account of the study population. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the 2023 study, more than half relied on internet and social media as primary source of dietary information (59%).
“By contrast, more than half relied on the internet and social media as their primary source of dietary (59%) and physical activity (67%) information [97].”
From Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Internet of Things: A Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [97]
The Discussion says more than half of participants used the internet and social media as their primary source of diet and physical-activity information. However, Results §3.2 assigns 59% to women sourcing dietary advice through alternative avenues; within that group, 44% used the internet and 19% used social media. The cited 59% therefore does not specifically measure reliance on those online sources. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredNine included papers report on patients' own preferences, views, and experiences of the IoT for PCOS-related reasons.
“Nine included papers report on patients’ own preferences, views, and experiences of the IoT for PCOS-related reasons [17,44,45,97,98,99,100,101,102] (Supplementary File S4).”
From Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Internet of Things: A Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [97]
The Results (section 3.2) report women’s own responses about using websites and social media for PCOS-related diet and physical-activity advice. This supports identifying the paper as a study of patients’ experiences with online information, but the paper does not examine Internet of Things (IoT) devices or services. As one of nine citations, it cannot by itself establish the total of nine papers. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the 2023 study, more than half relied on internet and social media as primary source of physical activity information (67%).
“By contrast, more than half relied on the internet and social media as their primary source of dietary (59%) and physical activity (67%) information [97].”
From Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Internet of Things: A Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [97]
The Discussion (section 4) says more than half of participants used the internet and social media as their primary source of diet and physical activity information. But the Results (section 3.2) assign 67% to women who sourced a physical activity plan from alternative avenues; only half of that group used the internet and social media. The cited percentage therefore does not support the specific claim. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe same 2023 study reported 14% sought physical activity advice from a health professional.
“A 2023 study originating from Australia included 1167 participants (age: 32 ± 7 years, BMI: 34.3 ± 8.9 kg/m2) predominantly from the USA (70%), reported that 25% and 14% of them sought dietary and physical activity advice from a health professional, respectively [97].”
From Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Internet of Things: A Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [97]
A 2023 Australian study of 1167 participants predominantly from the USA (70%) reported 25% sought dietary advice from a health professional.
“A 2023 study originating from Australia included 1167 participants (age: 32 ± 7 years, BMI: 34.3 ± 8.9 kg/m2) predominantly from the USA (70%), reported that 25% and 14% of them sought dietary and physical activity advice from a health professional, respectively [97].”
From Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Internet of Things: A Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [97]
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Internet of Things: A Scoping Review
Graca, S., Alloh, F., Lagojda, L., Dallaway, A., Kyrou, I., Randeva, H. S., & Kite, C. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12161671 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
- Authors
- Cowan, S., Grassi, A., Monahan Couch, L., Jeanes, Y., Lim, S., Pirotta, S., Harris, J., McGirr, C., & Moran, L.
- Affiliations
- Monash University (AU)
- West Chester University (US)
- Nutrition Department, West Chester University of Pennsylvania, West Chester, PA 19383, USA
- University of Roehampton (GB)
- Eastern Health (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Moran, Lisa
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-01-22
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 589
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9919009
- OpenAlex
- W4317811220
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 3.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Heart Foundation Future Leader Fellowship (101169, 1139481, 1078444, 1133084)
- NHMRC Early Career Fellowship (101169, 1139481, 1078444, 1133084)
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence (101169, 1139481, 1078444, 1133084)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, lifestyle management, self-management strategies, dietary intervention, physical activity, evidence-based recommendations, online health information, provider recommendation, goal setting, positive self-talk, women's health
- MeSH terms
- Self-Management, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Female, Humans, Life Style, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
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