Influence of Skeletal Muscle Carnosine Content on Fatigue during Repeated Resistance Exercise in Recreationally Active Women
Open accessAbstract
Carnosine is a naturally occurring intramuscular dipeptide that is thought to attenuate fatigue during high-intensity exercise. Carnosine content is influenced by various factors, including gender and diet. Despite research reporting that carnosine content is lower in women compared to men and lower in vegetarians compared to omnivores, no investigations have examined carnosine content in women based on dietary protein intake and its effect on muscle fatigue. Twenty recreationally active women were assigned to either a high (HI; n = 5), moderate (MOD; n = 10), or low (LO; n = 5) group based upon intramuscular carnosine content of the vastus lateralis. Each participant underwent two unilateral maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) of the knee extensors separated by an isokinetic exercise protocol consisting of five sets of 50 repeated maximal unilateral contractions. Magnitude-based inferences were used to analyze group differences. Percent decline in rate of force development and peak torque (PT) during the MVICs and changes in PT and mean torque during the muscle-fatiguing protocol were lower in HI compared to both MOD and LO. Additionally, absolute and relative dietary protein intake were greater in HI compared to MOD or LO. Results indicated that greater intramuscular carnosine content was reflective of greater dietary protein intake and that individuals with higher carnosine content displayed a greater attenuation of fatigue compared to those with lower carnosine.
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BA supplementation (6 g·d−1 for 28 days) resulted in greater muscle carnosine concentration in females.
“BA resulted in greater muscle carnosine concentration in females”
From International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutritional concerns of the female athlete (2023) · cites this paper as [287]
The Introduction (page unavailable) says β-alanine supplementation has been used to increase muscle carnosine, supporting the general relationship. But this study examined resting carnosine levels in women without supplementation; it does not establish an increase in women after 6 g/day for 28 days. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredNo difference in fatigue attenuation was demonstrated between females and males after BA supplementation.
“yet no difference in fatigue attenuation was demonstrated between the females and males.”
From International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutritional concerns of the female athlete (2023) · cites this paper as [287]
The Participants section (§2.2; page unavailable) says the study recruited only women, and the Introduction (§1; page unavailable) says it examined performance without β-alanine supplementation. A search for male–female differences in fatigue attenuation after supplementation found no such comparison in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.78)
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- Authors
- Varanoske, A., Hoffman, J., Church, D., Wang, R., Baker, K., Dodd, S., Coker, N., Oliveira, L., Dawson, V., Fukuda, D., & Stout, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Central Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hoffman, Jay
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2017-09-07
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 988
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5622748
- OpenAlex
- W2753912650
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 1.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Biochemical effects in animals
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- carnosine, skeletal muscle fatigue, protein intake, women, vastus lateralis, isokinetic exercise, knee extensors, rate of force development, peak torque, magnitude-based inference, recreational athletes
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Carnosine, Dietary Proteins, Fatigue, Female, Humans, Isometric Contraction, Exercise, Muscle, Skeletal, Young Adult
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