Symmetry Breaking in Self-Assembled Nanoassemblies
Open accessAbstract
The origin of biological homochirality, e.g., life selects the L-amino acids and D-sugar as molecular component, still remains a big mystery. It is suggested that mirror symmetry breaking plays an important role. Recent researches show that symmetry breaking can also occur at a supramolecular level, where the non-covalent bond was crucial. In these systems, equal or unequal amount of the enantiomeric nanoassemblies could be formed from achiral molecules. In this paper, we presented a brief overview regarding the symmetry breaking from dispersed system to gels, solids, and at interfaces. Then we discuss the rational manipulation of supramolecular chirality on how to induce and control the homochirality in the self-assembly system. Those physical control methods, such as Viedma ripening, hydrodynamic macro- and micro-vortex, superchiral light, and the combination of these technologies, are specifically discussed. It is hoped that the symmetry breaking at a supramolecular level could provide useful insights into the understanding of natural homochirality and further designing as well as controlling of functional chiral materials.
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SMSB processes have been observed more frequently in crystals or supramolecular assemblies.
“On the contrary, SMSB processes have been observed more frequently in crystals (vide infra) or in supramolecular assemblies, 353 i.e. processes involving phase transition.”
From Possible chemical and physical scenarios towards biological homochirality (2022) · cites this paper as [353]
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Thither supramolecular chemistry?
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<i>Colloquium</i>: Homochirality: Symmetry breaking in systems driven far from equilibrium
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Supramolecular Chirality: Solvent Chirality Transfer in Molecular Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry
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MethodStirring Rate as a Critical Parameter in Chiral Symmetry Breaking Crystallization
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Self-citationEmergence of single-molecular chirality from achiral reactants
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Symmetry breaking in self-assembled M 4 L 6 cage complexes
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Spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking and origin of biological homochirality
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Stilbene derivatives. New class of room temperature nematic liquids
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Anisotropy Spectra of Amino Acids
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“However, due to the small anisotropy factors (<10−3), the obtained enantiomeric excess in most cases of asymmetric photolysis and photosynthesis is undesirable (<4%) [142,143].”
BackgroundOn the Physical Basis of Asymmetry and Homochirality
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BackgroundFolding and Hydrodynamic Forces in J‐Aggregates of 5‐Phenyl‐10,15,20‐tris(4‐sulfophenyl)porphyrin
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BackgroundDeracemisations under kinetic and thermodynamic control
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BackgroundAmplification of chirality in two-dimensional molecular lattices
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Chirality Selection in Crystallization
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MethodPhotoresponsive chiral nanotubes of achiral amphiphilic azobenzene
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“The J-aggregates of achiral amphiphilic porphyrins, such as 4-sulfonatophenyl and arylmeso-substituted porphyrins, may be the most representative model for the study of hydrodynamic forces [106,125].”
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“Even so, the study of symmetry breaking on surfaces and at interfaces not only assists our understanding of three-dimensional crystallization and self-assembly process, but also provides insight into how to fabricate otherwise complicated chiral materials, such as chiral graphene nanoribbons [62,63].”
BackgroundControlled self-assembly of helical nano-ribbons formed by achiral amphiphiles
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“Over the past two decades, spontaneous symmetry breaking has been found in various self-assembly systems including crystals [24–26], Langmuir monolayers [27–29], liquid/solid interface [30–32], liquid crystals [33–37], dye aggregates [14,16,38,39], amphiphilic assemblies [40,41], and supramolecular gels [42–47].”
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“Over the past two decades, spontaneous symmetry breaking has been found in various self-assembly systems including crystals [24–26], Langmuir monolayers [27–29], liquid/solid interface [30–32], liquid crystals [33–37], dye aggregates [14,16,38,39], amphiphilic assemblies [40,41], and supramolecular gels [42–47].”
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Chirality Synchronization of Hydrogen‐Bonded Complexes of Achiral N‐Heterocycles
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“The results shown that hydrogen bonding leads to chiral aggregates that undergo long-range chirality synchronization in the isotropic bulk state [81].”
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BackgroundChiral Dualism as a Unifying Principle in Molecular Biophysics
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Fabrication and Applications of Supramolecular Chiral Assemblies
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Chiral Symmetry Breaking in Gelation
Tashiro, K. (2026) · Small Structures · doi:10.1002/sstr.202500712 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
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Economic Separations of Organic Acidic or Basic Enantiomeric Mixtures—A Protocol Suggestion
Pálovics, E., Madarász, J., Pokol, G., Fogassy, E., & Bánhegyi, D. F. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24010846 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Journey through the ages: historical milestones in organic stereochemistry
Mitra, A. K. (2025) · ChemTexts · doi:10.1007/s40828-025-00207-5 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Sang, Y., & Liu, M.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Liu, Minghua
- Venue
- Symmetry
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-07-25
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 950
- ISSN
- 2073-8994 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2963557597
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 155
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 2.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Symmetry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (21890734)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Supramolecular Chemistry and Complexes
- Keywords
- symmetry breaking, homochirality, supramolecular chirality, self-assembly, nanoassemblies, achiral molecules, chiral materials, origin of homochirality, gels, interfaces
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