The DOI matches its Crossref record; 112 of the 112 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Mediterranean diet and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Open accessAbstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as the most common chronic liver disease, and is characterized by a wide spectrum of fat-liver disorders that can result in severe liver disease and cirrhosis. Inflammation and oxidative stress are the major risk factors involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Currently, there is no consensus concerning the pharmacological treatment of NAFLD. However, lifestyle interventions based on exercise and a balanced diet for quality and quantity, are considered the cornerstone of NAFLD management. Mediterranean diet (MD), rich in polyunsaturated fats, polyphenols, vitamins and carotenoids, with their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects, has been suggested to be effective in preventing cardiovascular risk factors. In adults, MD has also been demonstrated to be efficacious in reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome. However, few studies are available on the effects of the MD in both adult and pediatric subjects with NAFLD. Thus, the aims of the present narrative review are to analyze the current clinical evidence on the impact of MD in patients with NAFLD, and to summarize the main mechanisms of action of MD components on this condition.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“omega-3 PUFAs, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are renowned for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties (95–97).”
From Diet and physical exercise as key players to tackle MASLD through improvement of insulin resistance and metabolic flexibility (2024) · cites this paper as [96]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
2 retracted
RETRACTED: Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with a Mediterranean Diet
Estruch, R., Ros, E., Salas-Salvadó, J., Covas, M.-I., Corella, D., Arós, F., Gómez-Gracia, E., Ruiz-Gutiérrez, V., Fiol, M., Lapetra, J., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1200303 · Cited by 4,257
RetractedEstruch, R., Ros, E., Salas-Salvadó, J., Covas, M.-I., Corella, D., Arós, F., Gómez-Gracia, E., Ruiz-Gutiérrez, V., Fiol, M., Lapetra, J., et al. (2018) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc1806491 · Cited by 1,008
RetractedYaşlı Kadınlarda Üreme Sağlığı
Kokanalı, D., & Engin Üstün, Y. (n.d.) · DergiPark (Istanbul University) · Cited by 170,090
Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome
David, L. A., Maurice, C. F., Carmody, R. N., Gootenberg, D. B., Button, J. E., Wolfe, B. E., Ling, A. V., Devlin, A. S., Varma, Y., Fischbach, M. A., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12820 · Cited by 10,100
Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
Kahn, S. E., Hull, R. L., & Utzschneider, K. M. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05482 · Cited by 5,448
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Angulo, P. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra011775 · Cited by 5,228
EASL–EASD–EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
(2016) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2015.11.004 · Cited by 4,836
Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and survival in a Greek population
Trichopoulou, A., Costacou, T., Bamia, C., & Trichopoulos, D. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa025039 · Cited by 4,397
A short questionnaire for the measurement of habitual physical activity in epidemiological studies
Baecke, J. A. H., BUREMA, J., & Frijters, J. E. R. (1982) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/36.5.936 · Cited by 3,950
The impact of the gut microbiota on human health: an integrative view
Clemente, J. C., Ursell, L. K., Parfrey, L. W., & Knight, R. (2012) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.01.035 · Cited by 3,710
Cited by
Sorted by citations
MAFLD: a consensus-driven proposed nomenclature for metabolic associated fatty liver disease
Eslam, M., Sanyal, A. J., George, J., Sanyal, A., Neuschwander-Tetri, B., Tiribelli, C., Kleiner, D. E., Brunt, E., Bugianesi, E., Yki-Järvinen, H., et al. (2020) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2019.11.312 · Cited by 3,286
Treatment of NAFLD with diet, physical activity and exercise
Romero-Gómez, M., Zelber-Sagi, S., & Trenell, M. (2017) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.05.016 · Cited by 1,347
ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in liver disease
Plauth, M., Bernal, W., Dasarathy, S., Merli, M., Plank, L. D., Schütz, T., & Bischoff, S. C. (2019) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2018.12.022 · Cited by 674
NAFLD as a Continuum: From Obesity to Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
Godoy-Matos, A. F., Silva Júnior, W. S., & Valerio, C. M. (2020) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-020-00570-y · Cited by 643
Tanase, D. M., Gosav, E. M., Costea, C. F., Ciocoiu, M., Lacatusu, C. M., Maranduca, M. A., Ouatu, A., & Floria, M. (2020) · Journal of Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2020/3920196 · Cited by 627
“Those who followed a Mediterranean diet showed a better decrease of liver transaminase, body mass index (BMI) changes, and improvement in IR [152, 153].”
BackgroundESPEN practical guideline: clinical nutrition in liver disease
Bischoff, S. C., Bernal, W., Dasarathy, S., Merli, M., Plank, L. D., Schütz, T., & Plauth, M. (2020) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.09.001 · Cited by 383
NAFLD in children: new genes, new diagnostic modalities and new drugs
Nobili, V., Alisi, A., Valenti, L., Miele, L., Feldstein, A., & Alkhouri, N. (2019) · Nature reviews: Gastroenterology & hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-019-0169-z · Cited by 282
Caprio, M., Infante, M., Moriconi, E., Armani, A., Fabbri, A., Mantovani, G., Mariani, S., Lubrano, C., Poggiogalle, E., Migliaccio, S., et al. (2019) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-019-01061-2 · Cited by 283
Zelber‐Sagi, S., Salomone, F., & Mlynarsky, L. (2017) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.13435 · Cited by 273
Papadaki, A., Nolen‐Doerr, E., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12113342 · Cited by 286
Nutrition, inflammation and liver-spleen axis
Barrea, L., Somma, C. D., Muscogiuri, G., Tarantino, G., Tenore, G. C., Orio, F., Colao, A., & Savastano, S. (2017) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2017.1353479 · Cited by 317
Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: a review of epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and management
Huang, T. (., Behary, J., & Zekry, A. (2020) · Internal Medicine Journal · doi:10.1111/imj.14709 · Cited by 227
Ditano-Vázquez, P., Torres-Peña, J. D., Valle, F. G., Pérez-Caballero, A. I., Rodríguez, P. D., López‐Miranda, J., Katsiki, N., Delgado‐Lista, J., & Alvarez-Sala-Walther, L. A. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11112833 · Cited by 248
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: current concepts in etiology, outcomes, and management
Marjot, T., Moolla, A., Cobbold, J. F., Hodson, L., & Tomlinson, J. W. (2020) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnz009 · Cited by 228
Sandireddy, R., Sakthivel, S., Gupta, P., Behari, J., Tripathi, M., & Singh, B. K. (2024) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2024.1433857 · Cited by 235
Impact of Nutritional Changes on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Perdomo, C. M., Frühbeck, G., & Escalada, J. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11030677 · Cited by 222
Cai, H., Qin, Y.-L., Shi, Z.-Y., Chen, J.-H., Zeng, M.-J., Zhou, W., Chen, R.-Q., & Chen, Z.-Y. (2019) · BMC Gastroenterology · doi:10.1186/s12876-019-1132-8 · Cited by 205
Health Benefits of Mediterranean Diet
Martini, D. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11081802 · Cited by 207
Cardiovascular Risk in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications
Tana, C., Ballestri, S., Ricci, F., Vincenzo, A. D., Ticinesi, A., Gallina, S., Giamberardino, M. A., Cipollone, F., Sutton, R., Vettor, R., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16173104 · Cited by 189
“Results from the available studies suggest that the Mediterranean diet is effective in patients with NAFLD but there is still need for trials with larger sample sizes [100,101].”
BackgroundNutraceutical Approach to Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): The Available Clinical Evidence
Cicero, A. F. G., Colletti, A., & Bellentani, S. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10091153 · Cited by 185
Diet and exercise in NAFLD/NASH: Beyond the obvious
Semmler, G., Datz, C., Reiberger, T., & Trauner, M. (2021) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.15024 · Cited by 187
Mechanisms of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the Metabolic Syndrome. A Narrative Review
Rinaldi, L., Pafundi, P. C., Galiero, R., Caturano, A., Morone, M. V., Silvestri, C., Giordano, M., Salvatore, T., & Sasso, F. C. (2021) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox10020270 · Cited by 180
“PUFAs are also responsible for the regulation of three major transcription factors involved in several pathways of liver metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids [113].”
BackgroundInfluentialRole of gut microbiota via the gut-liver-brain axis in digestive diseases
Ding, J., Jin, Z., Yang, X., Lou, J., Shan, W., Hu, Y., Du, Q., Liao, Q., Xie, R., & Xu, J. (2020) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v26.i40.6141 · Cited by 183
Katsagoni, C. N., Papatheodoridis, G. V., Ioannidou, P., Deutsch, M., Alexopoulou, A., Papadopoulos, N., Papageorgiou, M.-V., Fragopoulou, E., & Kontogianni, M. D. (2018) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s000711451800137x · Cited by 167
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Obesity Treatment
Brunner, K. T., Henneberg, C. J., Wilechansky, R. M., & Long, M. T. (2019) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-019-00345-1 · Cited by 172
Trovato, F. M., Martines, G. F., Brischetto, D., Catalano, D., Musumeci, G., & Trovato, G. M. (2015) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.12957 · Cited by 149
Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Effect on Insulin Resistance
Baratta, F., Pastori, D., Polimeni, L., Bucci, T., Ceci, F., Calabrese, C. M., Ernesti, I., Pannitteri, G., Violi, F., Angelico, F., et al. (2017) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2017.371 · Cited by 151
Zelber‐Sagi, S., Godos, J., & Salomone, F. (2016) · Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1177/1756283x16638830 · Cited by 141
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as a treatment strategy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Jump, D. B., Lytle, K. A., Depner, C. M., & Tripathy, S. (2018) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.07.007 · Cited by 142
Muzurović, E., Peng, C. C., Belanger, M. J., Sanoudou, D., Mikhailidis, D. P., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2022) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.17982 · Cited by 141
The Epidemiology, Risk Profiling and Diagnostic Challenges of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Iqbal, U., Perumpail, B. J., Akhtar, D. H., Kim, D., & Ahmed, A. (2019) · Medicines · doi:10.3390/medicines6010041 · Cited by 143
“Therefore, experts recommend the use of the Mediterranean diet for weight loss and protection against NAFLD [82,83].”
BackgroundRelevant Aspects of Nutritional and Dietary Interventions in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Hernández‐Rodas, M. C., Valenzuela, R., & Videla, L. A. (2015) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms161025168 · Cited by 131
A Fad too Far? Dietary Strategies for the Prevention and Treatment of NAFLD
Moore, M. P., Cunningham, R. P., Dashek, R. J., Mucinski, J. M., & Rector, R. S. (2020) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22964 · Cited by 131
Inflammation initiates a vicious cycle between obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Luo, Y., & Lin, H. (2020) · Immunity Inflammation and Disease · doi:10.1002/iid3.391 · Cited by 132
Torre, S. D. (2020) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.572490 · Cited by 125
“Conversely, diets enriched in ω3 polyunsaturated FAs (ω3 PUFAs), such as the Mediterranean diet (133), may be particularly effective in counteracting the early stages of NAFLD (134), limiting insulin resistance, oxidative stress, DNL and TG deposition in the liver (135, 136) and preventing the development of liverasso…”
BackgroundSchnabl, B., Damman, C. J., & Carr, R. M. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci186423 · Cited by 133
He, K., Li, Y., Guo, X., Zhong, L., & Tang, S. (2020) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114520000914 · Cited by 113
Eslamparast, T., Tandon, P., & Raman, M. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9080800 · Cited by 109
Alimentary regimen in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Mediterranean diet
Abenavoli, L. (2014) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i45.16831 · Cited by 105
Petermann-Rocha, F. E., Wirth, M. D., Boonpor, J., Parra-Soto, S. L., Zhou, Z., Mathers, J. C., Livingstone, K. M., Forrest, E. H., Pell, J. P., Ho, F. K. W., et al. (2023) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-023-02793-y · Cited by 106
Miller, D. M., McCauley, K. F., & Dunham‐Snary, K. J. (2025) · Endocrinology Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1002/edm2.70132 · Cited by 131
“Dietary interventions such as the Mediterranean diet, which emphasises polyunsaturated fats, polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids, have been shown to improve liver histology and metabolic parameters [201].”
Mediterranean diet and NAFLD: what we know and questions that still need to be answered
Plaz Torres, M. C., Aghemo, A., Lleo, A., Bodini, G., Furnari, M., Marabotto, E., Miele, L., & Giannini, E. G. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11122971 · Cited by 97
Suárez, M., Boqué, N., Bas-Prior, J. M. D., Mayneris‐Perxachs, J., Arola, L., & Caimari, A. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9101052 · Cited by 93
The influence of dietary fatty acids on liver fat content and metabolism
Hodson, L., Rosqvist, F., & Parry, S. A. (2019) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665119000569 · Cited by 98
“As a Mediterranean diet consists of a relatively high intake of nutrient dense foods such as fruit and vegetables((69)), it is challenging to isolate the effects of MUFA as it is plausible that other components of a Mediterranean diet are beneficial for reductions in IHTAG((70)); elucidating the influence of specific…”
Puri, P., Dhiman, R. K., Taneja, S., Tandon, P., Merli, M., Anand, A. C., Arora, A., Acharya, S. K., Benjamin, J., Chawla, Y. K., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2020.09.003 · Cited by 98
George, E. S., Forsyth, A. K., Itsiopoulos, C., Nicoll, A., Ryan, M. C., Sood, S. S., Roberts, S. K., & Tierney, A. C. (2018) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmx007 · Cited by 96
Shively, C. A., Appt, S. E., Vitolins, M. Z., Uberseder, B., Michalson, K. T., Silverstein‐Metzler, M. G., & Register, T. C. (2019) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22436 · Cited by 99
“Overall, there was no significant difference in calories consumed between treatment groups (2 × 4 ANCOVA F[1,34] = 2.”
BackgroundInfluentialRajapakse, J., Khatiwada, S., Akon, A. C., Yu, K. L., Shen, S., & Zekry, A. (2023) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2023.2240031 · Cited by 99
“One emerging dietary model in this area is the Mediterranean diet, which has been recognized for some time for its association with reduced risk of several conditions, including obesity, T2DM and NAFLD.(62,63) The main characteristics of the Mediterranean diet are a beneficial fatty acid profile (specifically, low sat…”
BackgroundA review of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in non‐obese and lean individuals
Ahadi, M., Molooghi, K., Masoudifar, N., Namdar, A. B., Vossoughinia, H., & Farzanehfar, M. (2020) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1111/jgh.15353 · Cited by 94
Olive oil antioxidants and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Abenavoli, L., Milanović, M., Milić, N., Luzza, F., & Giuffrè, A. M. (2019) · Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1080/17474124.2019.1634544 · Cited by 85
Ristic-Medic, D., Kovacic, M., Takic, M., Arsic, A., Petrovic, S., Paunovic, M., Jovicic, M., & Vucic, V. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13010015 · Cited by 81
Beyond Body Weight-Loss: Dietary Strategies Targeting Intrahepatic Fat in NAFLD
Worm, N. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12051316 · Cited by 78
Salomone, F., Wajcman, D. I., Isakov, N. F., Webb, M., Grosso, G., Godos, J., Galvano, F., Shibolet, O., Kariv, R., & Zelber‐Sagi, S. (2020) · JHEP Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100069 · Cited by 71
Mambrini, S. P., Grillo, A., Colosimo, S., Zarpellon, F., Pozzi, G., Furlan, D., Amodeo, G., & Bertoli, S. (2024) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1426551 · Cited by 70
Pancreatic and mucosal enzymes in choline phospholipid digestion
Nilsson, Å., & Duan, R. (2018) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00320.2018 · Cited by 70
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Youth With Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes
Scapaticci, S., D’Adamo, E., Mohn, A., Chiarelli, F., & Giannini, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.639548 · Cited by 76
Race and Ethnicity in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Narrative Review
Riazi, K., Swain, M. G., Congly, S. E., Kaplan, G. G., & Shaheen, A. A. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14214556 · Cited by 75
Khalatbari‐Soltani, S., Imamura, F., Brage, S., Rolfe, E. D. L., Griffin, S. J., Wareham, N. J., Marques-Vidal, P. M., & Forouhi, N. G. (2019) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-019-1251-7 · Cited by 72
Health benefits of Mediterranean diet in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Abenavoli, L., Di Renzo, L., Boccuto, L., Alwardat, N., Gratteri, S., & De Lorenzo, A. (2018) · Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1080/17474124.2018.1503947 · Cited by 62
Parra-Vargas, M., Rodriguez‐Echevarría, R., & Jiménez‐Chillarón, J. C. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12123860 · Cited by 64
NAFLD-Associated HCC: Progress and Opportunities
Geh, D., Anstee, Q. M., & Reeves, H. L. (2021) · Journal of Hepatocellular Carcinoma · doi:10.2147/jhc.s272213 · Cited by 64
Montemayor, S., Bouzas, C., Mascaró, C. M., Casares, M., Llompart, I., Abete, I., Angullo-Martinez, E., Zulet, M. Á., Martínez, J. A., & Tur, J. A. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14112223 · Cited by 62
“NAFLD is associated with visceral obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and chronic inflammation, all of which are features of MetS, and the MedDiet may improve NAFLD by modulating the presence of these conditions [7].”
BackgroundBischoff, S. C., Barazzoni, R., Busetto, L., Campmans-Kuijpers, M. J. E., Cardinale, V., Chermesh, I., Eshraghian, A., Kani, H. T., Khannoussi, W., Lacaze, L., et al. (2022) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.003 · Cited by 70
Motta, B. M., Masarone, M., Torre, P., & Persico, M. (2023) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers15225458 · Cited by 61
“A Mediterranean diet can reduce hepatic steatosis, improves plasma lipid levels and fatty acid oxidation by reducing their accumulation, and has a synergistic effect in reducing car-Cancers diovascular risk [86,87].”
BackgroundMansour‐Ghanaei, F., Hadi, A., Pourmasoumi, M., Joukar, F., Golpour, S., & Najafgholizadeh, A. (2018) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.6130 · Cited by 62
A Molecular Insight into the Role of Antioxidants in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases
Ezhilarasan, D., & Thangavelu, L. P. (2022) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2022/9233650 · Cited by 63
“Mediterranean diet generally contains low carbohydrate, rich in antioxidants and anti-in fl ammatory agents including carotenoids, polyphenols, fi ber, polyunsaturated fats, and vitamins [46].”
Guess, N. D. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10091245 · Cited by 64
“A Mediterranean-style diet may also help lower liver fat [36].”
BackgroundThe Role of Vitamins in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review
Abe, R. A. M., Masroor, A., Khorochkov, A., Prieto, J., Singh, K. B., Nnadozie, M. C., Abdal, M., Shrestha, N., & Mohammed, L. (2021) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.16855 · Cited by 55
“Some reports state that Vitamin C decreases mitochondrial ROS generation, increases the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and improves the electron transport chain activity in the liver [16,21].”
BackgroundInfluentialBischoff, S. C., Barazzoni, R., Busetto, L., Campmans-Kuijpers, M. J. E., Cardinale, V., Chermesh, I., Eshraghian, A., Kani, H. T., Khannoussi, W., Lacaze, L., et al. (2022) · United European Gastroenterology Journal · doi:10.1002/ueg2.12280 · Cited by 62
Moosavian, S. P., Arab, A., & Paknahad, Z. (2019) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.10.008 · Cited by 56
Park, S., Noureddin, M., Boushey, C. J., Wilkens, L. R., & Setiawan, V. W. (2020) · Current Developments in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/cdn/nzaa024 · Cited by 55
“There are several proposed mechanisms linking diet quality to NAFLD risk including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of certain diet components such as fiber, monounsaturated and omega-3 fatty acids, and phytosterols (39, 40).”
BackgroundDiabetes as a risk factor for MASH progression
Gancheva, S., Roden, M., & Castéra, L. (2024) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111846 · Cited by 60
Dietary and Pharmacological Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Jeznach-Steinhagen, A. E., Ostrowska, J., Czerwonogrodzka–Senczyna, A., Boniecka, I., Shahnazaryan, U., & Kuryłowicz, A. (2019) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina55050166 · Cited by 53
“Favorable effects were also observed in patients on a Mediterranean diet and a diet based on the healthy food pyramid, including low and medium IG products [13].”
BackgroundStachowska, E., Portincasa, P., Jamioł-Milc, D., Maciejewska, D., & Skonieczna‐Żydecka, K. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12113460 · Cited by 54
Neglected features of lifestyle: Their relevance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Trovato, F. M., Martines, G. F., Brischetto, D., Trovato, G. M., & Catalano, D. (2016) · World Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.4254/wjh.v8.i33.1459 · Cited by 53
Che, H., Gao, Y., Xu, Y., Xu, H., Eils, R., & Tian, M. (2026) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-025-02329-1 · Cited by 57
“307,308 The gut ‒ liver axis affects microbial ingenuity with hepatic resilience, channeling metabolic and immune dialogs via the portal vein.”
Echocardiography and NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease)
Trovato, F. M., Martines, G. F., Catalano, D., Musumeci, G., Pirri, C., & Trovato, G. M. (2016) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.06.180 · Cited by 52
Sorrentino, G., Crispino, P., Coppola, D., & de Stefano, G. (2015) · Drugs in R&D · doi:10.1007/s40268-015-0084-x · Cited by 50
The Gut Microbiome and Ferroptosis in MAFLD
Ji, J., Wu, L., Wei, J., Wu, J., & Guo, C. (2022) · Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology · doi:10.14218/jcth.2022.00136 · Cited by 50
Intestinal Barrier Function in the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Liu, L., Yin, M., Gao, J., Yu, C., Lin, J., Wu, A., Zhu, J., Xu, C., & Liu, X. (2022) · Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology · doi:10.14218/jcth.2022.00089 · Cited by 51
Soto, A., Spongberg, C. V., Martinino, A., & Giovinazzo, F. (2024) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines12020397 · Cited by 50
“…of 7 randomized controlled trials, drawn from an initial pool of 12,343 articles, revealed that these IF protocols, administered over 2 to 3 months, markedly lowered liver steatosis scores and metrics associated with obesity (including body mass index, overall body weight, and waist…”
BackgroundPanganiban, J. A., Kehar, M., Ibrahim, S. H., Hartmann, P., Sood, S., Hassan, S. M., Ramirez, C. M., Kohli, R., Censani, M., Mauney, E. E., et al. (2025) · Obesity Pillars · doi:10.1016/j.obpill.2025.100164 · Cited by 55
“The Mediterranean, the anti-inflammatory, plant-based diet has a dietary structure that helps reduce inflammation, replenish micronutrients, promote good microbiota, and help with insulin resistance [77 – 79].”
Vilar-Gomez, E., Athinarayanan, S. J., Adams, R. N., Hallberg, S. J., Bhanpuri, N. H., McKenzie, A. L., Campbell, W. W., McCarter, J. P., Phinney, S. D., Volek, J. S., et al. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023597 · Cited by 50
Akhlaghi, M., Ghaseminasab-Parizi, M., & Riasatian, M. (2020) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40200-019-00475-2 · Cited by 54
Asbaghi, O., Choghakhori, R., Ashtary‐Larky, D., & Abbasnezhad, A. (2020) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.03.003 · Cited by 52
Food and Nutrition in the Pathogenesis of Liver Damage
Mega, A., Marzi, L., Kob, M., Piccin, A., & Floreani, A. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13041326 · Cited by 48
“In this view, the Mediterranean diet, which includes fruit and vegetables, is considered an excellent diet, useful for the prevention of NAFLD (Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) [8].”
BackgroundShively, C. A., Appt, S. E., Vitolins, M. Z., Uberseder, B., Michalson, K. T., Silverstein‐Metzler, M. G., & Register, T. C. (2019) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22529 · Cited by 48
Raffaele, M., Bellner, L., Singh, S. P., Favero, G., Rezzani, R., Rodella, L. F., Falck, J. R., Abraham, N. G., & Vanella, L. (2019) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.04.029 · Cited by 49
Perspectives on youth‐onset nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Castillo‐Leon, E., Cioffi, C. E., & Vos, M. B. (2020) · Endocrinology Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1002/edm2.184 · Cited by 45
“…extensively tested dietary pattern and, in adults, there is consistent evidence that a MD treatment is associated with a reduction in he - patic fat 108 ; The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, which is rich in fruits and vegetables, low-fat dairy, and unre-fined grains, has also…”
BackgroundPal, P., Palui, R., & Ray, S. (2021) · World Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.4254/wjh.v13.i11.1584 · Cited by 51
Bischoff, S. C., Ockenga, J., Eshraghian, A., Barazzoni, R., Busetto, L., Campmans-Kuijpers, M. J. E., Cardinale, V., Chermesh, I., Kani, H. T., Khannoussi, W., et al. (2023) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2023.03.021 · Cited by 47
“Mediterranean diet has been proven to be a gold standard for the prevention and therapy of the metabolic syndrome, obesity, and NAFLD [145 e 147], and although the data on patients with celiac disease are missing, it would be wise to advise patients with celiac disease and with obesity-related…”
BackgroundHamamah, S., Iatcu, O. C., & Covașă, M. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17010143 · Cited by 52
Pagès, M. A. I., Moura‐Ramos, M., Araújo, S., Macedo, M. P., Ribeiro, R. T., Ó, D. D., Ramalho‐Santos, J., & Azul, A. M. (2020) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09249-5 · Cited by 48
Mirarchi, L., Amodeo, S., Citarrella, R., Licata, A., Soresi, M., & Giannitrapani, L. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23073668 · Cited by 42
“Among the diets, the one that seems to have the greatest impact is the Mediterranean diet (MD), a diet low in saturated fats and animal proteins, rich in antioxidants and fiber, and with an adequate ratio between omega-6 and omega-3 [55].”
BackgroundMascaró, C. M., Bouzas, C., & Tur, J. A. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14010049 · Cited by 45
“rich in antioxidants, monounsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, animal protein, and fiber [7].”
BackgroundInfluentialGut Microbiota at the Crossroad of Hepatic Oxidative Stress and MASLD
Termite, F., Archilei, S., D’Ambrosio, F., Petrucci, L., Viceconti, N., Iaccarino, R., Liguori, A., Gasbarrini, A., & Miele, L. (2025) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox14010056 · Cited by 50
The Hepatic Sinusoid in Chronic Liver Disease: The Optimal Milieu for Cancer
Gibert‐Ramos, A., Sanfeliu-Redondo, D., Aristu-Zabalza, P., Martínez-Alcocer, A., Gracia‐Sancho, J., Guixé‐Muntet, S., & Fernández‐Iglesias, A. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13225719 · Cited by 44
The New Therapeutic Approaches in the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Filipović, B. F., Lukić, S., Mijac, D. D., Marjanovic-Haljilji, M., Vojnović, M., Bogdanović, J. M., Glišić, T., Filipović, N., Kiswani, J. A., Djoković, A., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms222413219 · Cited by 45
“PUFAs, particularly omega-3 fatty acids, have been shown to be beneficial in preventing cardiovascular events [69].”
BackgroundDietary patterns in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Stay on the straight and narrow path!
Katsiki, N., Stoian, A. P., & Rizzo, M. (2022) · Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.arteri.2021.10.001 · Cited by 40
Cueto-Galán, R., Barón-López, F. J., Valdivielso, P., Pintó, X., Corbella, E., Gómez‐Gracia, E., & Wärnberǵ, J. (2017) · Medicina Clínica (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.medcle.2017.04.030 · Cited by 40
Metadata
- Authors
- Anania, C., Perla, F. M., Olivero, F., Pacifico, L., & Chiesa, C.
- Affiliations
- Policlinico Umberto I (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Chiesa, Claudio
- Venue
- World Journal of Gastroenterology
- Publisher
- Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
- Published
- 2018-05-21
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 2083-2094
- ISSN
- 1007-9327 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5960814
- OpenAlex
- W2803151742
- Cited by
- 353
- References
- 112
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 18
- FWCI
- 4.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- World Journal of Gastroenterology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Keywords
- Mediterranean diet, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity, oxidative stress, inflammation, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular risk, lifestyle intervention, pediatric NAFLD, pathogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Adult, Child, Humans, Life Style, Lipids, Liver, Patient Compliance, Risk Factors, Exercise, Treatment Outcome, Oxidative Stress, Diet, Mediterranean, Lipid Metabolism, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
