Detection of IL-17 and IL-23 in Plasma Samples of Children with Autism
Open accessAbstract
Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a survival factor for a newly described population of T lymphocytes, namely Th-17 cells, that secrete IL-17, tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNFα) and IL-6. It has been shown that Th-17 cells are a pathogenic T cell subset involved in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. Based on the increasing evidence of immune dysfunction in autism, including possible autoimmune and inflammatory processes, we hypothesized that Th-17 cells, a T cell lineage that has not been previously examined in this disorder, may be altered in autism. To assess the potential role, if any, of Th-17 cells in autism, we analyzed plasma samples obtained from children ranging in age from 2-5 years with a diagnosis of autism and age-matched typically developing controls for the presence of IL-17 and IL-23 cytokines. Plasma samples from 40 children with autism including 20 children with a regressive form of autism, 20 with early onset and no regression and 20 typically developing age-matched control children were analyzed for IL-17 and IL-23, under the hypothesis that altered number and function of Th-17 cells would directly correlate with altered levels of IL-17 and IL-23 in the plasma. In this study, we were able to demonstrate that IL-23 cytokine levels were significantly different in children with autism compared with age-matched controls, a finding primarily driven by children with early onset autism. In contrast, there were no statistical differences in IL-17 levels autism compared with age-matched typically developing controls. This is the first study to report altered IL-23 production in autism. The decreased plasma IL-23 production observed in children with autism warrants further research as to its affect on the generation and survival of Th-17 cells, a subset important in neuroinflammatory conditions that may include autism.
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Enstrom et al found decreased plasma intracellular IL-23 in children with ASD, but no change in IL-17.
“Enstrom et al (2008) found decreased plasma intracellular IL-23 in children with ASD, but no such change in IL-17”
From The Role of the Immune System in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Enstrom et al (2008)
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- Authors
- Enstrom, A., Onore, C., Hertz-Picc, I., Hansen, R., Croen, L., Water, J. V. D., & Ashwood, P.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Kaiser Permanente (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
- Publisher
- Science Publications
- Published
- 2008-02-01
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 114-120
- ISSN
- 1553-3468 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5038352
- OpenAlex
- W2125533507
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American journal of biochemistry & biotechnology/American journal of biochemistry and biotechnology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (R-829388)
- University of California, Davis
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P01ES011269, R829388, ES11269)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, IL-23, IL-17, Th17 cells, plasma cytokines, neuroinflammation, early-onset autism, regressive autism, immune dysfunction, children
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