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Women and leadership: Gender barriers to senior management positions

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Rincón, Virginia, González, Miguel, Barrero, Karle·2017·Intangible Capital
DOI 10.3926/ic.889
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Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to show the representation of women in corporate leadership positions. It also aims to identify the key factors that determine the lower presence of women in senior management, as well as policies to achieve gender balance in decision-making positions. Design/methodology/approach: In order to show the representation of women in senior positions, the information contained in the European Commission database Women and men in decision-making has been analyzed. This database contains information on the presence of women in key positions in the largest publicly-listed European companies. The analysis has been completed with the Economically Active Population Survey of the Spanish National Statistics Institute and Catalyst census, including Fortune 500 companies. A literature review was also conducted to find factors explaining the current situation of women in decision-making positions and to propose strategies that promote more women in senior management. The literature review was carried out by means of searches in Google Scholar and in the databases ABI/INFORM Global , Emerald and International Bibliography of the Social Sciences , which permitted the analysis of several journals. Findings: This study highlights the gender imbalance in decision-making positions. Most barriers to senior management are related to gender stereotypes. Therefore, we propose combining short-term measures to provide the required support for women in order to access management positions with other long-term measures to boost analysis and the learning process throughout society. Originality/value: The research assesses the magnitude of the gender imbalance still present in leadership positions today. It also highlights the need for short- and long-term measures.

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  • Women remain underrepresented in senior management positions, with more balanced representation at intermediate levels or positions of medium responsibility.

    “Furthermore, women remain underrepresented in senior management positions, with a more balanced representation at intermediate levels or in positions of medium responsibility (Asociación Nacional de Empresarios de Colombia -ANDI, 2021; Rincón et al., 2017).”

    From Barriers to Leadership: Experiences of Women Leaders in Business and Politics (2024) · cites this paper as Rincón et al., 2017

  • Women continue to face prejudices and stereotypes even after attaining leadership positions.

    “Similar to the findings of Amakye et al. (2021) and Rincón et al. (2017), the results obtained in this study indicate that women continue to face prejudices and stereotypes even after attaining leadership positions.”

    From Barriers to Leadership: Experiences of Women Leaders in Business and Politics (2024) · cites this paper as Rincón et al. (2017)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Rincón, V., González, M., & Barrero, K.
Affiliations
University of the Basque Country (ES)
ORCID
Venue
Intangible Capital
Publisher
Omnia Publisher SL
Published
2017-02-10
Volume
13
Issue
2
Pages
319
ISSN
1697-9818 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3926/ic.889
OpenAlex
W2590799225
Cited by
82
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2
FWCI
6.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • Intangible Capital (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Communities in ADDI (University of the Basque Country) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • Hispana (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • RACO (Revistes Catalanes amb Accés Obert) (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (submittedVersion)
  • Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) (submittedVersion)
  • UPCommons institutional repository (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Diversity and Inequality
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Politics and Representation
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Media, Gender, and Advertising
Keywords
women in leadership, gender barriers, senior management positions, gender stereotypes, gender equality policy, women in management, Fortune 500 companies, listed companies

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