The DOI matches its Crossref record; 57 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Proteases Induce Production of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin by Airway Epithelial Cells through Protease-Activated Receptor-2
Open accessAbstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is produced by epithelial cells and triggers dendritic cell-mediated Th2-type inflammation. Although TSLP is up-regulated in epithelium of patients with asthma, the factors that control TSLP production have not been studied extensively. Because mouse models suggest roles for protease(s) in Th2-type immune responses, we hypothesized that proteases from airborne allergens may induce TSLP production in a human airway epithelial cell line, BEAS-2B. TSLP mRNA and protein were induced when BEAS-2B cells were exposed to prototypic proteases, namely, trypsin and papain. TSLP induction by trypsin required intact protease activity and also a protease-sensing G protein-coupled receptor, protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2; TSLP induction by papain was partially dependent on PAR-2. In humans, exposure to ubiquitous airborne fungi, such as Alternaria, is implicated in the development and exacerbation of asthma. When BEAS-2B cells or normal human bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to Alternaria extract, TSLP was potently induced. The TSLP-inducing activity of Alternaria was partially blocked by treating the extract with a cysteine protease inhibitor, E-64, or by infecting BEAS-2B cells with small interfering RNA for PAR-2. Protease-induced TSLP production by BEAS-2B cells was enhanced synergistically by IL-4 and abolished by IFN-γ. These findings demonstrate that TSLP expression is induced in airway epithelial cells by exposure to allergen-derived proteases and that PAR-2 is involved in the process. By promoting TSLP production in the airways, proteases associated with airborne allergens may facilitate the development and/or exacerbation of Th2-type airway inflammation, particularly in allergic individuals.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Romani, L. (2011) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2939 · Cited by 1,793
The Inverse Association Between Tuberculin Responses and Atopic Disorder
Shirakawa, T., Enomoto, T., Shimazu, S.-I., & Hopkin, J. M. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.275.5296.77 · Cited by 1,287
Immune Regulation by helminth parasites: cellular and molecular mechanisms
Maizels, R. M., & Yazdanbakhsh, M. (2003) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1183 · Cited by 1,136
Ito, T., Wang, Y.-H., Duramad, O., Hori, T., Delespesse, G. J., Watanabe, N., Qin, F. X.-F., Yao, Z., Cao, W., & Liu, Y.-J. (2005) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20051135 · Cited by 1,129
Protease-Activated Receptors: Contribution to Physiology and Disease
OSSOVSKAYA, V. S., & BUNNETT, N. W. (2004) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00028.2003 · Cited by 1,078
A mechanism for the initiation of allergen-induced T helper type 2 responses
Sokol, C. L., Barton, G. M., Farr, A. G., & Medzhitov, R. (2008) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1558 · Cited by 961
Ying, S., O’Connor, B., Ratoff, J., Meng, Q., Mallett, K., Cousins, D., Robinson, D., Zhang, G., Zhao, J., Lee, T. H., et al. (2005) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.174.12.8183 · Cited by 873
The link between fungi and severe asthma: A summary of the evidence
Denning, D. W., O'Driscoll, B. R., Hogaboam, C. M., Bowyer, P., & Niven, R. M. (2006) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/09031936.06.00074705 · Cited by 824
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin as a key initiator of allergic airway inflammation in mice
Zhou, B., Comeau, M. R., Smedt, T. D., Liggitt, H. D., Dahl, M. E., Lewis, D. B., Gyarmati, D., Aye, T., Campbell, D. J., & Ziegler, S. F. (2005) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1247 · Cited by 819
Allakhverdi, Z., Comeau, M. R., Jessup, H. K., Yoon, B.-R. P., Brewer, A., Chartier, S., Paquette, N., Ziegler, S. F., Sarfati, M., & Delespesse, G. (2007) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20062211 · Cited by 786
Cited by
The Epithelial Cell-Derived Atopic Dermatitis Cytokine TSLP Activates Neurons to Induce Itch
Wilson, S. R., Thé, L., Batia, L. M., Beattie, K., Katibah, G. E., McClain, S. P., Pellegrino, M., Estandian, D. M., & Bautista, D. M. (2013) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.057 · Cited by 987
How are TH2-type immune responses initiated and amplified?
Paul, W. E., & Zhu, J. (2010) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2735 · Cited by 963
Diversity and dialogue in immunity to helminths
Allen, J. E., & Maizels, R. M. (2011) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2992 · Cited by 831
The multifunctional role of filaggrin in allergic skin disease
McAleer, M. A., & Irvine, A. D. (2013) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2012.12.668 · Cited by 419
New Paradigms in Type 2 Immunity
Pulendran, B., & Artis, D. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1221064 · Cited by 401
Metadata
- Authors
- Kouzaki, H., O'Grady, S. M., Lawrence, C. B., & Kita, H.
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-07
- Volume
- 183
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 1427-1434
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- OpenAlex
- W1823764983
- Cited by
- 358
- References
- 57
- FWCI
- 17.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Proteases Induce Production of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin by Airway Epithelial Cells through Protease-Activated Receptor-2. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.4049/jimmunol.0900904
- The paper
- Kouzaki, H., O'Grady, S. M., Lawrence, C. B., & Kita, H. (2009). Proteases Induce Production of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin by Airway Epithelial Cells through Protease-Activated Receptor-2. The Journal of Immunology. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0900904
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
