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Cited by 1,234

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Cutting Edge: Recognition of Gram-Positive Bacterial Cell Wall Components by the Innate Immune System Occurs Via Toll-Like Receptor 2

Open access
Yoshimura, Atsutoshi, Lien, Egil, Ingalls, Robin R, Tuomanen, Elaine, Dziarski, Roman, Golenbock, Douglas·1999·The Journal of Immunology
DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.163.1.1
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Abstract

Invasive infection with Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria often results in septic shock and death. The basis for the earliest steps in innate immune response to Gram-positive bacterial infection is poorly understood. The LPS component of the Gram-negative bacterial cell wall appears to activate cells via CD14 and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4. We hypothesized that Gram-positive bacteria might also be recognized by TLRs. Heterologous expression of human TLR2, but not TLR4, in fibroblasts conferred responsiveness to Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae as evidenced by inducible translocation of NF-κB. CD14 coexpression synergistically enhanced TLR2-mediated activation. To determine which components of Gram-positive cell walls activate Toll proteins, we tested a soluble preparation of peptidoglycan prepared from S. aureus. Soluble peptidoglycan substituted for whole organisms. These data suggest that the similarity of clinical response to invasive infection by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria is due to bacterial recognition via similar TLRs.

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Metadata

Authors
Yoshimura, A., Lien, E., Ingalls, R. R., Tuomanen, E., Dziarski, R., & Golenbock, D.
Venue
The Journal of Immunology
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
1999-07-01
Volume
163
Issue
1
Pages
1-5
ISSN
  • 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
  • 1550-6606
DOI
10.4049/jimmunol.163.1.1
OpenAlex
W2138067578
Cited by
1,234
References
1
FWCI
29.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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