The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
TGF-α Regulates TLR Expression and Function on Epidermal Keratinocytes
Open accessAbstract
The expression of TLRs on epithelial cells provides a first line of defense against invading pathogens. We investigated the regulated expression and function of TLR5 and TLR9 on human keratinocytes, because we found by immunohistochemistry that these TLRs are expressed in distinct layers of the epidermis. We found that TGF-α, a growth and differentiation factor that is present during wound healing and in psoriasis, increased the expression of both TLR5 and TLR9 on keratinocytes. In addition, TGF-α regulated the function of TLR5 and TLR9, because activation with their respective ligands enhanced the production of IL-8 and human β-defensins. These findings provide evidence that TGF-α up-regulates TLR expression and function, augmenting host defense mechanisms at epithelial surfaces.
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Cites
Takeda, K., Kaisho, T., & Akira, S. (2003) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141126 · Cited by 6,143
Singer, A. J., & Clark, R. A. F. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199909023411006 · Cited by 6,106
Innate antiviral responses by means of TLR7-mediated recognition of single-stranded RNA
Diebold, S. S., Kaisho, T., Hemmi, H., Akira, S., & Reis e Sousa, C. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1093616 · Cited by 3,444
Defensins: antimicrobial peptides of innate immunity
Ganz, T. (2003) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1180 · Cited by 3,066
Self-citationEndogenous Antimicrobial Peptides and Skin Infections in Atopic Dermatitis
Ong, P. Y., Ohtake, T., Brandt, C., Strickland, I., Boguniewicz, M., Ganz, T., Gallo, R. L., & Leung, D. Y. M. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa021481 · Cited by 1,960
Self-citationβ-Defensins: Linking Innate and Adaptive Immunity Through Dendritic and T Cell CCR6
Yang, D., Chertov, O., Bykovskaia, S. N., Chen, Q., Buffo, M. J., Shogan, J., Anderson, M., Schröder, J. M., Wang, J. M., Howard, O. M. Z., et al. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.286.5439.525 · Cited by 1,809
The immune response of Drosophila
Hoffmann, J. A. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02021 · Cited by 1,553
Cited by
Hayden, M. S., West, A. P., & Ghosh, S. (2006) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1209943 · Cited by 1,178
High Glucose Induces Toll-Like Receptor Expression in Human Monocytes
Dasu, M. R., Devaraj, S., Zhao, L., Hwang, D. H., & Jialal, I. (2008) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db08-0564 · Cited by 435
Microbial Symbiosis with the Innate Immune Defense System of the Skin
Gallo, R. L., & Nakatsuji, T. (2011) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.2011.182 · Cited by 387
Gao, W., Xiong, Y., Li, Q., & Yang, H. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00508 · Cited by 353
Toll-Like Receptor Pathways in Autoimmune Diseases
Chen, J.-Q., Szodoray, P., & Zeher, M. (2016) · Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · doi:10.1007/s12016-015-8473-z · Cited by 315
Metadata
- Authors
- Miller, L. S., Sørensen, O. E., Liu, P. T., Jalian, H. R., Eshtiaghpour, D., Behmanesh, B. E., Chung, W., Starner, T. D., Kim, J., Sieling, P. A., Ganz, T., & Modlin, R. L.
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 174
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 6137-6143
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- OpenAlex
- W1720483047
- Cited by
- 163
- References
- 7
- FWCI
- 3.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: TGF-α Regulates TLR Expression and Function on Epidermal Keratinocytes. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.4049/jimmunol.174.10.6137
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- Miller, L. S., Sørensen, O. E., Liu, P. T., Jalian, H. R., Eshtiaghpour, D., Behmanesh, B. E., Chung, W., Starner, T. D., Kim, J., Sieling, P. A., Ganz, T., & Modlin, R. L. (2005). TGF-α Regulates TLR Expression and Function on Epidermal Keratinocytes. The Journal of Immunology. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.174.10.6137
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
