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Cited by 25Sports Performance and TrainingMuscle metabolism and nutritionThermoregulation and physiological responses

Carbohydrate Ingestion Before and During Soccer Match Play and Blood Glucose and Lactate Concentrations

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Russell, Mark, Benton, David, Kingsley, Michael·2014·Journal of Athletic Training
DOI 10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.12PMC PMC4151832
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Abstract

Context: The ingestion of carbohydrate (CHO) before and during exercise and at halftime is commonly recommended to soccer players for maintaining blood glucose concentrations throughout match play. However, an exercise-induced rebound glycemic response has been observed in the early stages of the second half of simulated soccer-specific exercise when CHO-electrolyte beverages were consumed regularly. Therefore, the metabolic effects of CHO beverage consumption throughout soccer match play remain unclear. Objective: To investigate the blood glucose and blood lactate responses to CHOs ingested before and during soccer match play. Design: Crossover study. Setting: Applied research study. Patients or Other Participants: Ten male outfield academy soccer players (age = 15.6 ± 0.2 years, height = 1.74 ± 0.02 m, mass = 65.3 ± 1.9 kg, estimated maximal oxygen consumption = 58.4 ± 0.8 mL·kg−1·min−1). Intervention(s): Players received a 6% CHO-electrolyte solution or an electrolyte (placebo) solution 2 hours before kickoff, before each half (within 10 minutes), and every 15 minutes throughout exercise. Blood samples were obtained at rest, every 15 minutes during the match (first half: 0–15, 15–30, and 30–45 minutes; second half: 45–60, 60–75, and 75–90 minutes) and 10 minutes into the halftime break. Main Outcome Measure(s): Metabolic responses (blood glucose and blood lactate concentrations) and markers of exercise intensity (heart rate) were recorded. Results: Supplementation influenced the blood glucose response to exercise (time × treatment interaction effect: P ≤ .05), such that glucose concentrations were higher at 30 to 45 minutes in the CHO than in the placebo condition. However, in the second half, blood glucose concentrations were similar between conditions because of transient reductions from peak values occurring in both trials at halftime. Blood lactate concentrations were elevated above those at rest in the first 15 minutes of exercise (time-of-sample effect: P < .001) and remained elevated throughout exercise. Supplementation did not influence the pattern of response (time × treatment interaction effect: P = .49). Conclusions: Ingestion of a 6% CHO-electrolyte beverage before and during soccer match play did not benefit blood glucose concentrations throughout the second half of exercise.

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  • Seven minutes of low/moderate intensity activity and light calisthenics performed towards the end of half-time improved performance during an actual match, with less defensive high-intensity running and more ball possession in the second half.

    “seven minutes of low/moderate intensity activity and light calisthenics performed towards the end of half-time improved performance during an actual match as less defensive high-intensity running, and more ball possession, was observed in the second half 20 .”

    From Half-time strategies to enhance second-half performance in team-sports players: A review and recommendations (2015) · cites this paper as [20]

  • Attenuated losses of muscle temperature and concomitant protection of physical performance follow an active rewarm-up.

    “findings from studies reporting attenuated losses of Tm and concomitant protection of physical performance 8, 9, 20, 24 following an active rewarm-up further substantiate the importance of attenuating body temperature losses during half-time.”

    From Half-time strategies to enhance second-half performance in team-sports players: A review and recommendations (2015) · cites this paper as [20]

  • A low-intensity half-time rewarm-up resulted in similar magnitudes of sprint performance maintenance and attenuated losses in jump performance.

    “Edholm et al. 20 reported similar magnitudes of sprint performance maintenance and attenuated losses in jump performance following a low-intensity half-time rewarm-up.”

    From Half-time strategies to enhance second-half performance in team-sports players: A review and recommendations (2015) · cites this paper as [20]

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Authors
Russell, M., Benton, D., & Kingsley, M.
Affiliations
  • Northumbria University (GB)
  • Swansea University (GB)
  • La Trobe University (AU)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Athletic Training
Publisher
National Athletic Trainers' Association
Published
2014-08-01
Volume
49
Issue
4
Pages
447-453
ISSN
1062-6050 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.12
PMC
PMC4151832
OpenAlex
W2132933876
Cited by
25
References
31
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2
FWCI
3.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Athletic Training (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
Keywords
carbohydrate intake, blood glucose, blood lactate, carbohydrate supplementation, adolescent soccer players, heart rate, exercise intensity
MeSH terms
Beverages, Blood Glucose, Cognition, Dietary Carbohydrates, Double-Blind Method, Hemodynamics, Humans, Male, Motor Skills, Soccer, Cross-Over Studies, Lactic Acid, Young Adult

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