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Cited by 384Body Composition Measurement TechniquesNutrition and Health in AgingBone health and osteoporosis research

Body composition techniques.

Open access
Kuriyan, Rebecca·2018·Indian Journal of Medical Research
DOI 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1777_18PMC PMC6366261
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Abstract

Body composition is known to be associated with several diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Body composition measurements are useful in assessing the effectiveness of nutritional interventions and monitoring the changes associated with growth and disease conditions. Changes in body composition occur when there is a mismatch between nutrient intake and requirement. Altered body composition is observed in conditions such as wasting and stunting when the nutritional intake may be inadequate. Overnutrition on the other hand leads to obesity. Many techniques are available for body composition assessment, which range from simple indirect measures to more sophisticated direct volumetric measurements. Some of the methods that are used today include anthropometry, tracer dilution, densitometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, air displacement plethysmography and bioelectrical impedance analysis. The methods vary in their precision and accuracy. Imaging techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography have become powerful tools due to their ability of visualizing and quantifying tissues, organs, or constituents such as muscle and adipose tissue. However, these methods are still considered to be research tools due to their cost and complexity of use. This review was aimed to describe the commonly used methods for body composition analysis and provide a brief introduction on the latest techniques available.

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  • DXA is one of the standard reference methods and non-invasive measurements for FFM and FM in children and adolescents.

    “Several techniques have been used to assess the body composition of children and adolescents, and dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is one of the standard reference methods and non-invasive measurements for FFM and FM (8–10).”

    From Development and Cross-Validation of a Predictive Equation for Fat-Free Mass in Brazilian Adolescents by Bioelectrical Impedance (2022) · cites this paper as [9]

    The Models of body composition section describes DEXA as a rapid, non-invasive method for whole-body composition measurement, and the Body composition in infants and children section lists it among techniques used to measure body fat in children. The Laboratory methods section says DEXA estimates body fat and lean tissue mass, but calls it a gold standard only for bone mineral density—not a standard reference method for FM and FFM in children and adolescents. Page numbers were not provided in the supplied passages. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Whole-body-based techniques such as anthropometry and BIA are viable alternatives for clinical evaluation because they are non-invasive, portable, and relatively low cost.

    “Whole-body-based techniques, such as anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), used as predictors in regression equations, developed and validated using DXA as the reference method, are a viable alternative for clinical evaluation since they are non-invasive, ideal for quantitative estimates of FFM and FM based on mathematical models, portable, and relatively low cost (9, 18, 19).”

    From Development and Cross-Validation of a Predictive Equation for Fat-Free Mass in Brazilian Adolescents by Bioelectrical Impedance (2022) · cites this paper as [9]

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2 of the 92 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [4]Cruz-Jentoft AJ Morley JE Sarcopenia 2012 Chichester, West Sussex, Hoboken NJ Wiley-Blackwell
  2. [33]Withers RT LaForgia J Pillans RK Shipp NJ Chatterton BE Schultz CG Comparisons of two-, three-, and four-compartment models of body composition analysis in men and women J Appl Physiol (1985) 1998 85 238 45 9655781
  3. [55]Moore FD The body cell mass and its supporting environment: Body composition in health and disease 1963 Philadelphia, London W. B. Saunders Co

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Authors
Kuriyan, R.
Affiliations
St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences (IN)
Corresponding author
Kuriyan, Rebecca
ORCID
Kuriyan, Rebecca
Venue
Indian Journal of Medical Research
Publisher
Scientific Scholar
Published
2018-11
Volume
148
Issue
5
Pages
648-658
ISSN
0971-5916 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1777_18
PMC
PMC6366261
OpenAlex
W2911737268
Cited by
384
References
92
Citations by year
2026: 33 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 89 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 6
FWCI
2.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Indian Journal of Medical Research (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Keywords
body composition, anthropometry, tracer dilution, densitometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, air displacement plethysmography, bioelectrical impedance analysis, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, obesity, wasting, stunting, nutritional status
MeSH terms
Anthropometry, Body Composition, Body Weights and Measures, Humans, Obesity, Dimensional Measurement Accuracy

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