The theory and fundamentals of bioimpedance analysis in clinical status monitoring and diagnosis of diseases.
Open accessAbstract
Bioimpedance analysis is a noninvasive, low cost and a commonly used approach for body composition measurements and assessment of clinical condition. There are a variety of methods applied for interpretation of measured bioimpedance data and a wide range of utilizations of bioimpedance in body composition estimation and evaluation of clinical status. This paper reviews the main concepts of bioimpedance measurement techniques including the frequency based, the allocation based, bioimpedance vector analysis and the real time bioimpedance analysis systems. Commonly used prediction equations for body composition assessment and influence of anthropometric measurements, gender, ethnic groups, postures, measurements protocols and electrode artifacts in estimated values are also discussed. In addition, this paper also contributes to the deliberations of bioimpedance analysis assessment of abnormal loss in lean body mass and unbalanced shift in body fluids and to the summary of diagnostic usage in different kinds of conditions such as cardiac, pulmonary, renal, and neural and infection diseases.
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Resistance of a conductor is expressed by R = ρL2/V, so V = ρL2/R, where ρ is the conductor resistivity, L is the length, and V is volume.
“R of the conductor is expressed by R = ρL2/V, so V = ρL2/R, wherein ρ is the conductor resistivity, L is the length, and V is volume (48, 49).”
From Development and Cross-Validation of a Predictive Equation for Fat-Free Mass in Brazilian Adolescents by Bioelectrical Impedance (2022) · cites this paper as [49]
The electrical properties of the human body may explain the use of BIA to estimate FFM by the resistance index.
“The electrical properties of the human body may explain the use of BIA to estimate FFM by the resistance index.”
From Development and Cross-Validation of a Predictive Equation for Fat-Free Mass in Brazilian Adolescents by Bioelectrical Impedance (2022) · cites this paper as [49]
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- Authors
- Khalil, S., Mohktar, M., & Ibrahim, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Malaya (MY)
- Corresponding author
- Ibrahim, Fatimah
- Venue
- Sensors
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2014-06-19
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 10895-10928
- ISSN
- 1424-8220 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4118362
- OpenAlex
- W2082211146
- Cited by
- 712
- References
- 149
- Citations by year
- 2026: 64 · 2025: 83 · 2024: 91 · 2023: 86 · 2022: 94 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 1.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Sensors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Keywords
- bioelectrical impedance analysis, body composition, bioimpedance vector analysis, prediction equations, anthropometry, lean mass loss, fluid shifts, heart disease, lung disease, kidney disease, neurological disorders, infectious diseases
- MeSH terms
- Body Composition, Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted, Equipment Design, Humans, Models, Biological, Monitoring, Physiologic, Plethysmography, Impedance, Biosensing Techniques, Equipment Failure Analysis
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