Cited by 1,853Gender Roles and Identity StudiesGender and Feminist StudiesSocial and Intergroup Psychology

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Social Role Theory

Eagly, Alice H., Wood, Wendy·2012·Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology

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Abstract

What causes sex differences and similarities in behavior? At the core of our account are societal stereotypes about gender. These stereotypes, or gender role beliefs, form as people observe male and female behavior and infer that the sexes possess corresponding dispositions. For example, in industrialized ...

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Background
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BackgroundInfluential
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Result
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Background
The Effects of Leader Support for Creativity and Leader Gender on Subordinate Creative Problem‐Solving Performance
Maliakkal, N. T., & Reiter‐Palmon, R. (2022) · The Journal of Creative Behavior · doi:10.1002/jocb.566 · Cited by 12
The Role of Prosocial Goal Congruity on Student Motivation in Electrical Engineering
LaMeres, B. J., Burns, M. S., Thoman, D. B., & Smith, J. L. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Education · doi:10.1109/te.2019.2897265 · Cited by 13
“Social Role Theory (SRT) is another key framework within factor (5), as it investigates how societal stereotypes influence personal goals [17].”
Good Soldiers versus Organizational Wives: Does Anyone (Besides Us) Care that Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scales Are Gendered and Mostly Measure Men’s—but Not Women’s—Citizenship Behavior?
Bergeron, D. M., & Rochford, K. C. (2022) · Group & Organization Management · doi:10.1177/10596011221094421 · Cited by 12
“…overrepresented in caretaking roles (both in terms of family roles as well as in occupational roles such as teaching and nursing), society ascribes communal characteristics (e.g., being helpful, supportive, altruistic, sensitive) to women (Eagly, 1987; Diekman & Clark, 2015; Eagly & Wood, 2012).”
Background
‘Bout Time! Renegotiating the Body in Roller Derby
Strübel, J., & Petrie, T. A. (2015) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-015-0490-0 · Cited by 12
Genre et rapport au risque : de la compréhension au levier pour l’action
Granié, M.-A. (2013) · Questions vives recherches en éducation · doi:10.4000/questionsvives.1273 · Cited by 12
Whose Rhetoric Matters? Social Responsibility Rhetoric and the Moderating Influence of Social Roles in Crowdfunding Pitches
Anglin, A. H., Short, J. C., Wolfe, M. T., McKenny, A. F., & Reid, S. W. (2025) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.13262 · Cited by 11
Men in Nursing: A Qualitative Examination of Students’ Stereotypes of Male Nurses through the Framework of Social Role Theory and Stereotype Content Model
Kaur, N., Ricciardelli, R., & Clow, K. A. (2022) · The Journal of Men s Studies · doi:10.1177/10608265221108209 · Cited by 16
“Themes in the high-warmth category included traits such as “caring,” “parental,” “calm,” “courteous,” and “physically attractive”—the very characteristics stereotypically associated with women and femininity (Bem, 1974; Eagly & Wood, 2012).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
The differential effects of state and trait masculinity and femininity on body satisfaction among sexual minority men
Harris, E. A., & Griffiths, S. (2023) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.01.007 · Cited by 14
Gender Representation in Classic Fairy Tales: A Comparative Study of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Cinderella and Beauty and the Beast
Budidarma, D., Sumarsono, I., Abida, F. I. N., et al. (2023) · World Journal of English Language · doi:10.5430/wjel.v13n6p11 · Cited by 11
“I’m not just a mother”: a content analysis of elite female athletes’ self-presentation before and after motherhood
Johnson, A., Brison, N. T., Harris, H. A., & Brown, K. (2023) · Sport Business and Management An International Journal · doi:10.1108/sbm-02-2023-0015 · Cited by 15
Credentials or Chemistry? Entrepreneur Gender and Cofounder Selection
Gray, S., Howell, T., Strassman, J., & Yamamoto, K. (2024) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2022.0640 · Cited by 11
Closing the Gender Gap in Internal Political Efficacy? Gender Roles and the Masculine Ethos of Politics in Spain
Fraile, M., & Marinova, D. M. (2024) · Political Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11109-024-09918-w · Cited by 16
“The differentiated social characteristics attributed to men and women help perpetuate stereotypical gendered behaviors and traits (Eagly & Wood, 2012; Schneider & Bos, 2019).”
Psychological empowerment as moderator of the relationship between core self-evaluation and proactive work behaviour
Nwanzu, C. L., & Babalola, S. S. (2024) · Cogent Business & Management · doi:10.1080/23311975.2023.2297461 · Cited by 16
“More so, sociocultural theory (eagly & Wood, 2012) explains the influence of gender and age on behaviour in social settings.”
Gender Disparity and Self-Presentation on Social Media among AEC Industry Leaders
Mansouri, A., & Erfani, A. (2024) · Journal of Management in Engineering · doi:10.1061/jmenea.meeng-6121 · Cited by 12
Integrating Hedonic and Eudaimonic Perspectives of Well-Being: A Conceptual Model for Sustaining Employee Well-Being in the Remote Work Context
Thottathil, S. C., & Veettil, N. M. K. (2024) · Human Resource Development Review · doi:10.1177/15344843241305650 · Cited by 15
“According to social role theory, the roles individuals assume in various domains are in ﬂ uenced by multiple factors, including gender stereotypes, societal norms, and the expectations associated with speci ﬁ c roles (Eagly & Wood, 2012).”
Role of Race and Gender of Pedagogical Agents in Multimedia Learning
Zhao, F., Mayer, R. E., Adamo‐Villani, N., Mousas, C., Choi, M., & Hauser, K. (2025) · Journal of Educational Computing Research · doi:10.1177/07356331251322469 · Cited by 12
“This aligns with Social Role Theory (Eagly & Wood, 2012), which suggests that societal expectations cast women as nurturing and approachable, traits that enhance evaluations of teaching effectiveness (Kierstead et al., 1988).”
Influential
AI integration and workforce development: Exploring job autonomy and creative self-efficacy in a global context
Xavier, D. F., Korunka, C., & Reiter‐Palmon, R. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0319556 · Cited by 17
“In the healthcare sector, AI algorithms have assumed a pivotal role in diagnostics where personal autonomy is highly valued [12,4,21,22,23].”
Participation in Online Platforms: Examining Variations in Intention to Participate across Citizens from Diverse Sociodemographic Groups
van den Berg, A. C. (2021) · Perspectives on Public Management and Governance · doi:10.1093/ppmgov/gvab013 · Cited by 14
“As stated before, the gender role for women is to be more communal (Eagly and Wood 2012).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential

Authors: Eagly, A. H., & Wood, W.
Affiliations: Northwestern University (US)
University of Southern California (US)
ORCID: Eagly, Alice H.
Wood, Wendy
Venue: Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology
Publisher: SAGE Publications Ltd
Published: 2012-10-11
Pages: 458-476
DOI: 10.4135/9781446249222.n49
OpenAlex: W2421935140
Cited by: 1,853
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 387 · 2025: 386 · 2024: 248 · 2023: 219 · 2022: 136 · 2021: 125 · 2020: 107 · 2019: 82 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 93.43
Type: book chapter
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Roles and Identity Studies
Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Keywords: social role theory, sex differences in behavior, gender stereotypes, gender role beliefs, gender socialization, gender roles, industrial society

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