The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year.
Chapter 5. Climbing
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In the citing paper
“Extant arboreal vertebrates have a suite of adaptations different from their terrestrial counterparts to aid in moving along thin diameter branches, such as large phalangeal indices and extremely mobile shoulder/hip and wrist/ankle joints [25].”
From Assessing Arboreal Adaptations of Bird Antecedents: Testing the Ecological Setting of the Origin of the Avian Flight Stroke (2011) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“Occasional climbers, require little behavioural or morphological adaptations.”
From Assessing Arboreal Adaptations of Bird Antecedents: Testing the Ecological Setting of the Origin of the Avian Flight Stroke (2011) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“These characters have been demonstrated to be indicators of increasing arboreality [25], [42], [57].”
From Assessing Arboreal Adaptations of Bird Antecedents: Testing the Ecological Setting of the Origin of the Avian Flight Stroke (2011) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“Increased levels of arboreality are associated with decreased BI values [25], [42] i.e. relatively longer zeugopodial elements in the forelimb.”
From Assessing Arboreal Adaptations of Bird Antecedents: Testing the Ecological Setting of the Origin of the Avian Flight Stroke (2011) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“it has been suggested that climbing adaptations often manifest themselves primarily in the hindlimb [25], [45].”
From Assessing Arboreal Adaptations of Bird Antecedents: Testing the Ecological Setting of the Origin of the Avian Flight Stroke (2011) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“Truly arboreal tetrapods, or those for whom a scansorial lifestyle occupies a large portion of their foraging regimes, have convergent solutions to the twin problem of securing themselves while maintaining manoeuvrability [25], [32], [34]–[36].”
From Assessing Arboreal Adaptations of Bird Antecedents: Testing the Ecological Setting of the Origin of the Avian Flight Stroke (2011) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“In climbing animals an upright distal limb segment is not seen during climbing as it raises the centre of mass away from the substrate (the vertical trunk or along sub horizontal thin branches) and increasing the effort during climbing and the rotational forces during branch walking which leads to increased likelihood of falling [25].”
From Assessing Arboreal Adaptations of Bird Antecedents: Testing the Ecological Setting of the Origin of the Avian Flight Stroke (2011) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“Extant avian and mammalian climbers reduce the distance between their centre of gravity and the substrate by crouching [25], [61], [62].”
From Assessing Arboreal Adaptations of Bird Antecedents: Testing the Ecological Setting of the Origin of the Avian Flight Stroke (2011) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“and is crucial for arboreal locomotion in extant birds [19], [25] because they cannot rotate their ankles.”
From Assessing Arboreal Adaptations of Bird Antecedents: Testing the Ecological Setting of the Origin of the Avian Flight Stroke (2011) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“Mobility in multiple planes in the ankle joint is critical for arboreal locomotion in extant organisms [25], [70], [91].”
From Assessing Arboreal Adaptations of Bird Antecedents: Testing the Ecological Setting of the Origin of the Avian Flight Stroke (2011) · cites this paper as [25]
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“Additionally, we restrict our review to studies of terrestrial locomotion, but recommend Cartmill (1985), Richmond (2007), DeSilva (2009), Venkataraman et al. (2013), Holowka et al. (2017a) and Wunderlich and Ischinger (2017) for discussions of primate foot biomechanics and pedal grasping during…”
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“…Demes, 1985]; (9) a broad thorax [Keith, 1923; Le Gros Clark, 1959; Erikson, 1963; Schultz, 1969; Roberts and Davidson, 1975; Cartmill and Milton, 1977; Cartmill, 1985; Aiello and Dean, 1990; Hunt, 1991; Gebo, 1996]; (10) specialized wrist morphology [Lewis, 1969, 1972, 1974, 1985]; (11) the…”
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“…in height, we sampled only at 0.5 and 1.5 m. Wall perches greater than 50 cm in diameter were recorded as 100 cm as diameter cannot be sensibly calculated for completely flat perches (e.g., walls) and perches of this size are likely functionally equivalent for small lizards (e.g., Cartmill, 1985).”
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New perspectives on brachiation mechanics
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“Having long claws would project the varanid’s center of mass away from its own supports, increasing its likelihood of toppling (Cartmill, 1985).”
BackgroundInfluentialWang, Z., Dai, Z., Ji, A., Ren, L., Xing, Q., & Dai, L. (2015) · Bioinspiration & Biomimetics · doi:10.1088/1748-3190/10/1/016019 · Cited by 55
Metadata
- Authors
- Cartmill, M.
- Corresponding author
- Cartmill, Matt
- ORCID
- Cartmill, Matt
- Venue
- Functional Vertebrate Morphology
- Publisher
- Harvard University Press
- Published
- 1985-12-31
- Pages
- 73-88
- OpenAlex
- W2504502712
- Cited by
- 400
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 2.78
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Harvard University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management › Adventure Sports and Sensation Seeking
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Travel Writing and Literature
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Keywords
- climbing
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