Plasma levels of IL-23 and IL-17 before and after antidepressant treatment in patients with major depressive disorder
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OBJECTIVE: Cytokines are believed to have a role in the pathophysiology of major depression. The alteration in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, interferon γ, and tumor necrosis factor α] in major depression supports the cytokine hypothesis of this illness. IL-23 and IL-17 are also pro-inflammatory cytokines, but few studies have focused on their role in major depression. This study investigated the potential role of the IL-23 and IL-17 axis in major depression. METHODS: Plasma IL-23 and IL-17 levels were measured in 26 major depressive disorder (MDD) patients before and after 6-week treatment with antidepressants; these levels were measured in 28 age- and sex-matched normal controls. Depression severity was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). IL-23 and IL-17 plasma levels were estimated using quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Pre-treatment plasma levels of IL-23 and IL-17 in MDD patients were not significantly different from those of normal controls. In MDD patients, IL-23 and IL-17 levels after 6 weeks of antidepressant treatment were not different from the baseline levels. There was no significant correlation between changes in the cytokine levels and changes in the HDRS scores representing the severity of depression. CONCLUSION: The present study does not support a potential involvement of IL-23 and IL-17 axis in major depression. Replication and extension using a larger sample are required.
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IL-17A is elevated in some but not all depressed patients.
“IL-17A was elevated in some (Chen et al., 2011; Davami et al., 2016), but not all (Kim et al., 2013; Liu et al., 2012), depressed patients”
From Distinct characteristics of hippocampal pathogenic th17 cells in a mouse model of depression (2018) · cites this paper as Kim et al., 2013
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Park, S. E., Ferreira, A. F. F., Kwon, H., Yu, J., Diniz, L., Ulrich, H., Britto, L. R. G., & Kim, E. (2025) · Animal Cells and Systems · doi:10.1080/19768354.2025.2510994 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
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Stress-induced despair behavior develops independently of the Ahr-RORγt axis in CD4 + cells
Rivet-Noor, C. R., Merchak, A. R., Li, S., Beiter, R. M., Lee, S., Thomas, J. A., Fernández-Castañeda, A., Shin, J., & Gaultier, A. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-12464-2 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
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RetractedNeurologic and Psychiatric Effects of Cytokines and Targeted Biological Therapies
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Stress-Induced Despair Behavior Develops Independently of the AHR-RORgt Axis in CD4+ cellsPreprint
Rivet-Noor, C. R., Merchak, A. R., Li, S., Beiter, R. M., Lee, S., Thomas, J. A., Fernández-Castañeda, A., Shin, J., & Gaultier, A. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1181536/v1
Revisiting Bupropion Anti-inflammatory Action: Involvement of the TLR2/TLR4 and JAK2/STAT3Preprint
Karimollah, A., Hemmatpur, A., & Vahid, T. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-313044/v1
Affective Disorders: The Role of Adipokines
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Affective Disorders: The Role of Adipokines
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- Authors
- Kim, J.-W., Kim, Y.-K., Hwang, J.-A., Yoon, H.-K., Ko, Y.-H., Han, C., Lee, H.-J., Ham, B.-J., & Lee, H. S.
- Affiliations
- Korea University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, Yong-Ku
- ORCID
- Venue
- Psychiatry Investigation
- Publisher
- Korean Neuropsychiatric Association
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 294
- ISSN
- 1738-3684 (ISSN-L)
- 1976-3026
- PMC
- PMC3843023
- OpenAlex
- W1987648009
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 1.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Psychiatry Investigation (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- IL-23, IL-17, major depressive disorder, antidepressant treatment, inflammatory cytokines, plasma cytokines, depression severity, inflammatory markers
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