Cytokines and the central nervous system

Szelényi, Judith

doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00428-2

Cited by 358Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsTryptophan and brain disordersCytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions

Cytokines and the central nervous system

Szelényi, Judith·2001·Brain Research Bulletin

DOI 10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00428-2

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Abstract

Cytokines are involved both in the immune response and in controlling various events in the central nervous system, that is, they are equally immunoregulators and modulators of neural functions and neuronal survival. On the other hand, cytokine production is under the tonic control of the peripheral and the central nervous system and the cytokine balance can be modulated by the action of neurotransmitters released from nonsynaptic varicosities [131]. The neuroimmune interactions are therefore bidirectional-cytokines and other products of the immune cells can modulate the action, differentiation, and survival of neuronal cells, while the neurotransmitter and neuropeptide release play a pivotal role in influencing the immune response. Cytokines and their receptors are constitutively expressed by and act on neurons in the central nervous system, in both its normal and its pathological state, but cytokine overexpression in the brain is an important factor in the pathogenesis of neurotoxic and neurodegenerative disorders. Accordingly, it can be accepted that the peripheral and central cytokine compartments appear to be integrated, and their effects might synergize or inhibit each other; however, it should always be taken into account that they are spatiotemporally differentially regulated. New concepts are reviewed in the regulation of relations between cytokine balance and neurodegeneration, including intracellular receptor-receptor, cell-cell, and systemic neuroimmune interactions that promote the further elucidation of the complexities and cascade of the possible interactions between cytokines and the central nervous system.

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The immune system affects the central nervous system through cytokines secreted by immune cells that regulate brain activities and emotions.
“Reciprocally, the immune system affects the CNS through cytokines secreted by immune cells that regulate brain activities and emotions[3].”
From Neuroinflammation and cytokine abnormality in major depression: cause or consequence in that illness? (2016) · cites this paper as [3]

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Authors: Szelényi, J.
Affiliations: HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine (HU)
Corresponding author: Szelényi, Judith
Venue: Brain Research Bulletin
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2001-03
Volume: 54
Issue: 4
Pages: 329-338
ISSN: 0361-9230 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00428-2
OpenAlex: W2089211646
Cited by: 358
References: 147
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 2.40
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Brain Research Bulletin (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
Keywords: cytokines, central nervous system, neuroimmune interactions, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, neuronal survival, neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, cytokine receptors, neurotoxicity, cytokine balance
MeSH terms: Animals, Brain, Cell Survival, Central Nervous System, Fever, Humans, Interleukins, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Biogenic Monoamines, Cytokines, Transforming Growth Factor beta, Cell Death, Receptors, Cytokine

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Cytokines and the central nervous system

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