Statistical Approaches to Measurement Invariance
Abstract
This book reviews the statistical procedures used to detect measurement bias. Measurement bias is examined from a general latent variable perspective so as to accommodate different forms of testing in a variety of contexts including cognitive or clinical variables, attitudes, personality dimensions, or emotional states. Measurement models that underlie psychometric practice are described, including their strengths and limitations. Practical strategies and examples for dealing with bias detection are provided throughout. The book begins with an introduction to the general topic, followed by a review of the measurement models used in psychometric theory. Emphasis is placed on latent variable models, with introductions to classical test theory, factor analysis, and item response theory, and the controversies associated with each, being provided. Measurement invariance and bias in the context of multiple populations is defined in chapter 3 followed by chapter 4 that describes the common factor model for continuous measures in multiple populations and its use in the investigation of factorial invariance. Identification problems in confirmatory factor analysis are examined along with estimation and fit evaluation and an example using WAIS-R data. The factor analysis model for discrete measures in multiple populations with an emphasis on the specification, identification, estimation, and fit evaluation issues is addressed in the next chapter. An MMPI item data example is provided. C…
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- Authors
- Millsap, R. E.
- Affiliations
- Arizona State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Millsap, Roger E.
- ORCID
- Millsap, Roger E.
- Venue
- Routledge eBooks
- Publisher
- Routledge
- Published
- 2012-03-29
- OpenAlex
- W577685849
- Cited by
- 1,554
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 67 · 2025: 98 · 2024: 144 · 2023: 166 · 2022: 162 · 2021: 152 · 2020: 136 · 2019: 94 · 2018: 99 · 2017: 108 · 2016: 105 · 2015: 78 · 2014: 77 · 2013: 46 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 28.57
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Routledge eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Education › Educational Assessment and Pedagogy
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- measurement invariance, measurement bias, latent variable models, confirmatory factor analysis, item response theory, common factor model, identification problem, model fit assessment, item bias detection, multiple populations, WAIS-R, MMPI, achievement tests
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