A guide to abductive thematic analysis
Open accessAbstract
Thematic analysis is an increasingly popular method for analysing qualitative data within the social sciences. Current guides for conducting thematic analysis promote the method’s broad flexibility across research designs, which has resulted in criticism that the method lacks the rigour and structure necessary for credible academic research. Recognizing the challenges faced by qualitative scholars, I developed and present an 8-step prescriptive approach specific to abductive methodologies incorporating many concepts from seminal works in thematic analysis, and importantly maintaining the balance of theorising with empirical data, which is the core of abductive research.
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Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
The paper presents an 8-step prescriptive guide for conducting abductive thematic analysis, balancing empirical data with extant theory. It argues this structured approach addresses criticisms of thematic analysis as lacking rigour while remaining specific to abductive research designs.
Key findings
- Proposes an 8-step process: transcription and familiarisation, coding, codebook, development of themes, theorising, comparison of datasets, data display, and writing up.
- Abductive thematic analysis should produce latent themes, with theorising as a distinct step where existing theory guides but does not determine explanation; theory can be refined, changed, adapted, or consolidated when data do not fit.
- Recommends at least 2–3 rounds of coding and a codebook with label, definition, “when to use”/“when not to use” criteria, and an example quotation; thematic network analysis can show how themes derive from codes.
- Uses examples from the author’s research on ski resort employees and volunteer tourism, including consolidating “fun” and “exciting” codes into “enjoyable work” and combining Bourdieu’s practice theory with Blumer’s symbolic interactionism.
Methods
- Conceptual/methodological paper, not an empirical study; develops an 8-step guide initially during the author’s PhD and refined through the author’s own research and teaching.
- Integrates concepts from thematic analysis (e.g., codebook from Guest et al., 2012; thematic network analysis from Attride-Stirling, 2001) with seminal abductive research principles.
- Illustrates steps with examples from the author’s prior studies, including ski resort employees and volunteer tourism projects.
Limitations
- The paper states it is not a one-size-fits-all or flexible method for all thematic analysis; it is tailored specifically to abductive research methodologies.
- The paper notes that advocates of reflexive/inductive thematic analysis have disregarded the codebook as positivistic, and that quantification of qualitative data is often impossible and unnecessary for exploratory conceptual understanding.
- Evident from the text: the guide is based on the author’s experience and selected examples rather than systematic empirical validation or comparison with other abductive thematic analysis guides.
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Claims the paper makes
0 of 17 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged
- Interpretationcitation
Quantification is not necessary for qualitative thematic analysis.
“However, quantification is not necessary for qualitative thematic analysis.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Premisecitation
Presenting quotations improves trustworthiness of qualitative research.
“Presenting quotations also improves trustworthiness, as the veracity of the raw empirical data is difficult to challenge, and is a method for demonstrating reflexivity by giving voice to the participants independent of your personal opinions or feelings (Guest et al., 2012).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Guest et al., 2012
Not checked in the free run.
- Premisecitation
Current guides for conducting thematic analysis promote the method's broad flexibility across research designs.
“Current guides for conducting thematic analysis promote the method's broad flexibility across research designs”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked- cites Guest et al., 2012
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- cites Nowell et al., 2017
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- cites Braun & Clarke, 2006
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- Premisecitation
The theoretical contributions of abductive research produce a degree of generalizability.
“The theoretical contributions produce a degree of generalizability, as the theorisation of the raw data transcends the individualised social setting, as it has links to existing knowledge and understanding (Coffey & Atkinson, 1996).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Coffey & Atkinson, 1996
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- Interpretationreasoning
A thematic network analysis technique can address concerns about over-reaching and representativeness of theoretical contributions.
“A thematic network analysis technique can address these concerns.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Rests on an assumption: When abductively analysing data, often reviewers will question if an academic has over-reached and whether theoretical contributions are truly representative of the raw data.
- Premisecitation
Abductive research is recursive and iterative.
“Accordingly, abductive research is described as recursive and iterative because theory is generated theory, but also theoretical development is culled in areas where phenomena are adequately explained by extant literature (Timmermans & Tavory, 2012).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Timmermans & Tavory, 2012
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- Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 9
- May combine two claims. 2
Classified as probably not a substantial claim.
PremisereasoningThis flexibility has resulted in criticism that thematic analysis lacks the rigour and structure necessary for credible academic research.
“which has resulted in criticism that the method lacks the rigour and structure necessary for credible academic research.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked- cites Braun et al., 2019
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- cites Braun & Clarke, 2019
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- cites Lochmiller, 2021
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Classified as probably not a substantial claim.
InterpretationreasoningIn abductive thematic analysis, latent themes should always be the outcome.
“In the case of abductive thematic analysis, latent themes should always be the outcome as theorisation is central to abductive reasoning, as shall be discussed in the following step.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationThematic analysis is an increasingly popular method for analysing qualitative data within the social sciences.
“Thematic analysis is an increasingly popular method for analysing qualitative data within the social sciences.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites Braun et al., 2019
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- cites Campbell et al., 2021
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Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningStep 5 (Theorising) is an important part of abductive thematic analysis, making it distinct from other guides to qualitative analysis.
“This is an important part of abductive thematic analysis, making it distinct from other guides to qualitative analysis.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
InterpretationcitationThe consolidation of an abductive research design with thematic analysis is an effective tool for gathering rich understanding from participant narratives, while ensuring findings have theoretical generalizability.
“Overall, the consolidation of an abductive research design with thematic analysis is an effective tool for gathering rich understanding from participant narratives, while ensuring findings have theoretical generalizability (Coffey & Atkinson, 1996).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Coffey & Atkinson, 1996
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Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Interpretationnone givenThere is no requirement for data display to be quantified.
“However, like with Step 6, there is no requirement for data display to be quantified.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Premisenone givenThe core of abductive research is maintaining the balance of theorising with empirical data.
“maintaining the balance of theorising with empirical data, which is the core of abductive research.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked- cites Atkinson et al., 2003
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- cites Hurley et al., 2021
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- cites Kelle, 1997
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Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationBraun et al. (2019) point to similarities between their approach to thematic analysis with grounded theory, interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA), and the active role of the researcher in generating themes.
“Braun et al. (2019) specifically point to the similarities between their approach to thematic analysis with grounded theory, interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA), and the active role of the researcher in generating themes.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Braun et al., 2019
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Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).
InterpretationreasoningThis method can act as a point of departure for any exploratory qualitative data analysis, when a researcher wishes to incorporate theoretical frameworks to guide the research findings.
“This method can act as a point of departure for any exploratory qualitative data analysis, when a researcher wishes to incorporate theoretical frameworks to guide the research findings.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Premisenone givenMany researchers cite Braun and Clarke (2006) without mentioning researcher reflexivity central to their style of analysis.
“Many researchers also cite Braun and Clarke (2006), yet within their methodology, there is no mention of researcher reflexivity central to their style of analysis.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Braun and Clarke, 2006
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The paper relies on this without support.
Guides for abductive research designs are lacking.
“Yet, guides for abductive research designs are lacking.”
The paper relies on this without support.
There is limited discussion of an abductive approach to thematic analysis in the qualitative research literature.
“Yet, there is limited discussion of an abductive approach to thematic analysis in the qualitative research literature.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Coding is a cyclical act, as the first round of coding rarely succeeds in identifying all codes.
“Coding is a cyclical act, as the first round of coding rarely succeeds in identifying all codes and, therefore, it is recommended to undertake at least 2-3 rounds of coding.”
The paper relies on this without support.
When abductively analysing data, often reviewers will question if an academic has over-reached and whether theoretical contributions are truly representative of the raw data.
“When abductively analysing data, often reviewers will question if an academic has over-reached and whether theoretical contributions are truly representative of the raw data.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Even within top-ranked journals, data displays are often constructed simply using shape and arrow tools available within MS Word.
“However, even within top-ranked journals, data displays (such as that shown in Figure 3) are often constructed simply using shape and arrow tools available within MS Word”
Claims other papers make about this one
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The placement students' reflections were focused on their collaborative experiences, and were analysed by academic researchers using an abductive approach, to construct themes grounded in the data (inductive coding) but also informed by existing literature on SaP (deductive coding).
“The placement students' reflections were focused on their collaborative experiences, and were analysed by academic researchers using an abductive approach (Thompson, 2022), to construct themes that are grounded in the data (inductive coding) but also informed by existing literature on SaP (deductive coding).”
From Co-creating custom GPTs: an autoethnographic study of undergraduate students as partners in generative AI innovation (2026) · cites this paper as Thompson, 2022
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“Reflecting the theorising stage of abductive analysis (Thompson, 2022), mapping students’ images of the future onto the theoretical concepts around conceptions of socio-technical change (see Section 2) required a deep familiarity with the data.”
InfluentialPreiksaitis, C. M., Dayton, J. R., Kabeer, R., Bunney, G., & Boukhman, M. (2023) · JMIR Medical Education · doi:10.2196/43916 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Roa, O. H., Bachmann, M., Mechler, R., Trogrlić, R. Š., Reimann, L., Mazzoleni, M., Aerts, J. C. J. H., Buskop, F. E., Pirani, A., & Myšiak, J. (2025) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/adc756 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Environmental, social and governance (ESG) in agriculture: trends and gaps on research
de Almeida, A. C. L., Dale, A. P., Hay, R., Everingham, Y. L., & Lockie, S. (2024) · Australasian Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1080/14486563.2024.2430313 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“This study employed an abductive thematic analysis, a qualitative research method used to develop hypotheses and explanations from incomplete information (Thompson 2022).”
Intended or unintended strategy? The activities of middle managers in strategy implementation
Christie, A. H., & Tippmann, E. (2023) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/j.lrp.2023.102410 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Nation, alterity and competing discourses: Rethinking textbooks as ideological apparatuses
Shah, W. A. (2023) · Linguistics and Education · doi:10.1016/j.linged.2023.101250 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Evolving governance in the space sector: From Legacy Space to New Space models
Zancan, V., Paravano, A., Locatelli, G., & Trucco, P. (2024) · Acta Astronautica · doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2024.09.005 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Agency and authorship in AI art: Transformational practices for epistemic troubles
Bomba, F., & Angeli, A. D. (2025) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103652 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Kärkkäinen, K., Jääskelä, P., & Tynjälä, P. (2023) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2023.104088 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Contextualizing and generalizing drivers and barriers of urban living labs for climate resilience
Aniche, L. Q., Edelenbos, J., Gianoli, A., Caruso, R., DeLosRíos‐White, M. I., Wissink‐Nercua, C. P., Undabeitia, A., Enseñado, E. M., & Gharbia, S. S. (2024) · Environmental Policy and Governance · doi:10.1002/eet.2097 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Erten, E. Ü., Güzeloğlu, E. B., Ifaei, P., Khalilpour, K. R., Ifaei, P., & Yoo, C. (2024) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2024.103432 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Davidsen, E., Maindal, H. T., Byrne, M., Kelstrup, L., Ovesen, P., Damm, P., & Nielsen, K. K. (2023) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110858 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Feeley, C., & Stacey, T. (2024) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2024.104152 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Katsantonis, I., & McLellan, R. (2023) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci13080804 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Value co-creation via machine learning from a configuration theory perspective
Presti, C., Santis, F. D., & Bernini, F. (2023) · European Journal of Innovation Management · doi:10.1108/ejim-01-2023-0104 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Tomai, M., Papachristos, G., & Ramani, S. V. (2024) · Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions · doi:10.1016/j.eist.2024.100928 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Paravano, A., Rosseau, B., Locatelli, G., Weinzierl, M., & Trucco, P. (2024) · Acta Astronautica · doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2024.11.060 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Madanipour, P., Garvis, S., Cohrssen, C., & Pendergast, D. (2025) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2024.1488410 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Krystallis, I., Kalra, T., & Locatelli, G. (2025) · International Journal of Production Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109637 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“The analysis followed an abductive thematic approach (Thompson, 2022), combining deductive and inductive reasoning to explore how the Orchestrator managed governance reconfiguration.”
Xiao, Y., Xiao-hua, L., & Yao, Y. (2025) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2025.103790 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Greenier, V., Xiao-hua, L., & Xiao, Y. (2023) · Applied Linguistics Review · doi:10.1515/applirev-2023-0085 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“…and models that provide a framework for observations and interpretations of the data set (Rose et al. 2019), thus, it “ is neither data-driven nor hypothesis driven but conducts parallel and equal engagement with empirical data and extant theoretical understanding ” (Thompson 2022, p. 1411).”
Developing adaptation outcome indicators to urban heat risks
Tuomimaa, J., Käyhkö, J., Juhola, S. K., & Räsänen, A. (2023) · Climate Risk Management · doi:10.1016/j.crm.2023.100533 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Scarbrough, H., Sanfilippo, K. R. M., Ziemann, A., & Stavropoulou, C. (2023) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116394 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Ingersgaard, M. V., Grabowski, D., Willaing, I., & Tjørnhøj‐Thomsen, T. (2024) · SSM - Qualitative Research in Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100391 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Young children’s conceptions of computing in an African setting
Oyedoyin, M. M., Sanusi, I. T., & Ayanwale, M. A. (2024) · Computer Science Education · doi:10.1080/08993408.2024.2314397 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“The abductive approach, however, aims to find a middle ground between inductive and deductive approaches (Thompson, 2022).”
Can isolated microgrids be viable? A longitudinal study of long-term sustainability in rural Senegal
Etienne, E., & Robert, P. C. (2024) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2024.103476 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Ecosystem approach in public management: insights from the city of Espoo
Sahamies, K., & Anttiroiko, A. (2024) · International Journal of Public Sector Management · doi:10.1108/ijpsm-06-2023-0176 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Roa, O. H., Walz, Y., & Nehren, U. M. (2025) · Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change · doi:10.1007/s11027-025-10217-w · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“Further, we carried out a thematic analysis (Nowell et al. 2017; Thompson 2022).”
From Lomé to Samoa: partnership as a normative concept in Africa-EU postcolonial relations
Tallarita, M. C. (2025) · Journal of Contemporary African Studies · doi:10.1080/02589001.2025.2550467 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“These documents, which include partnership agreements signed by the involved parties and further texts related to the positions of individual parties, were subjected to abductive (Thompson 2022) and reflexive (Joy, Braun, and Clarke 2023) thematic analysis.”
Jin, R., Le, T.-T., Gao, R., Shen, Q., & Xiao, W. (2024) · International Journal of Intercultural Relations · doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2024.102079 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Goldshaft, B. (2024) · Professional Development in Education · doi:10.1080/19415257.2024.2441837 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Sathianathan, S., Ali, A. M., & Chong, W. W. (2025) · JMIR Infodemiology · doi:10.2196/67464 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Inclusive research in tourism: are we enabling or disabling people with disability?
Lu, S. E., Yang, E. C. L., Moyle, B., & Reid, S. (2025) · Tourism Geographies · doi:10.1080/14616688.2025.2546533 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“…data analysis of 102 articles involved a four-stage coding process to ensure the credibility and trustworthiness of the data interpretation, an approach adapted from thompson (2022). the first stage involved the familiarisation of 102 studies by reading through each article by the first author.”
Cohn, E. G., Harrison, M., & McVilly, K. (2023) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613231195795 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“The unearthing of themes and sub-themes in the analysis was conducted in an abductive framework approach, which was informed by multiple works, such as Thompson (2022) and Vila-Henninger et al. (2022).”
Disassembly and Reuse of Demountable Modular Building Systems
Yang, Y., Luk, C., Zheng, B., Hu, Y., & Chan, A. P.-C. (2024) · Journal of Management in Engineering · doi:10.1061/jmenea.meeng-6243 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Is it real or not? construction of meaning and identity in virtual influencer marketing
Thompson, J., Igarashi, R., Krowinska, A., & Logan-McFarlane, A. (2025) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2025.115362 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“1) while future rounds sought to be more selective and remove/consolidate codes that were not central to the data or could be included under an alternative code (Thompson, 2022).”
InfluentialSelf-citationOntological Modeling of Tacit Knowledge for Automating Job Hazard Analysis in Construction
Pandithawatta, S., Rameezdeen, R., Ahn, S., Chow, C., & Gorjian, N. (2024) · Journal of Management in Engineering · doi:10.1061/jmenea.meeng-5695 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Vo, K., Sarkar, M., White, P. J., & Yuriev, E. (2024) · Chemistry Education Research and Practice · doi:10.1039/d4rp00096j · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Mantell, R., Withall, A., Radford, K. A., Kasumovic, M. M., Monds, L. A., & Hwang, Y. I. (2023) · JMIR Serious Games · doi:10.2196/45467 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Abduction—also known as theoretical redescription—is a technique whereby empirical data are redescribed using theoretical concepts (in this case, SDT and game design research) [54,62].”
Niu, R., Hu, J., Peng, S., Cao, C. C., Liu, C., Han, S., & Guo, Y. (2025) · CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA) · doi:10.1145/3706599.3719762 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“This study employed an Abductive Thematic Analysis approach inspired by Thompson [55] to analyze the design strategies of AI agents.”
Informal waste pickers in Africa: social reproduction, marginalisation and sustainability
Koroma, A., Scott, R. E., & Esson, J. (2025) · Local Environment · doi:10.1080/13549839.2025.2596724 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Davidsen, E., Pico, M. L., Sandøe, P., & Lund, T. B. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1049568 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Wathne, H. B., Storm, M., Morken, I. M., & Husebø, A. M. L. (2025) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.16736 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“However, when developing themes and an overarching concept (step 4), we used TTCCN as an interpretative theory to conceptualise the findings (Thompson 2022).”
InfluentialExploring ageing consumers’ usage of content marketing, content typology and online brand advocacy
Bubphapant, J., & Brandão, A. (2024) · EuroMed Journal of Business · doi:10.1108/emjb-10-2023-0283 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Khurshid, F., Hegazi, I., O’Connor, E., Noushad, B., & Thompson, R. (2024) · Teaching and Learning in Medicine · doi:10.1080/10401334.2024.2367670 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“33 Our aim was to make the process understandable for novice researchers attempting it for the first time.”
Vandenbussche, L., Edelenbos, J., & Eshuis, J. (2024) · Public Management Review · doi:10.1080/14719037.2024.2387179 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Abductive analysis conducts ‘parallel and equal engagement with empirical data and extant theoretical understanding’ (Thompson 2022, 1411).”
How Do Nurses Experience Relational Work in the Emergency Department—Qualitative Study
Gamst‐Jensen, H., Rasmussen, M. L. T., Konradsen, H., & Poulsen, I. (2024) · Journal of Emergency Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.jen.2024.07.006 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Bug or feature? Institutional misalignments between construction technology and venture capital
Walzer, A., Tan, T., Graser, K., & Hall, D. M. (2024) · Construction Management and Economics · doi:10.1080/01446193.2024.2401818 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Employing a relatively novel method known as abductive thematic analysis, this study seeks to gain a richer understanding of participant perspectives while staying true to the essence of qualitative research (Thompson 2022).”
Ryan, L., O’Donoghue, G., Crotty, M., Birney, S., Heary, C., Hanlon, M. L. D., Conlan, O., & Walsh, J. C. (2024) · Obesity Science & Practice · doi:10.1002/osp4.70012 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“25,27 This approach enabled the re - examination of the empirical data in relation to the existing theoretical literature while keeping the participants insights at the core of theme generation.”
Bolt, E. E. T., Ali, M. M., & Winterton, J. (2024) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117550 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Markou-Pappas, N., Ragazzoni, L., Truppa, C. T., Salio, F., Barone‐Adesi, F., & Lamine, H. (2025) · Conflict and Health · doi:10.1186/s13031-025-00643-7 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Wolff, E., Natakun, B., Marome, W. A., Chew, G., Tang, K. S., & Hamel, P. (2025) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128973 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Spaces for play: listening to children’s voices
Burke, L. A., Jindal‐Snape, D., Lindsay, A., Whyte, S. R., Wallace, M., Mercieca, D. P., McKenzie, M., & Keatch, B. (2024) · Education 3-13 · doi:10.1080/03004279.2024.2318254 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“In this study, an abductive approach was used for data analysis: it was primarily inductive as themes emerged from the data but also deductive as there was an underpinning theory and principles that influenced data collection to some extent, and potentially, its analysis (Thompson 2022).”
Nicholas, L., Clark, S., Agius, C., & Cook, K. (2024) · NORMA · doi:10.1080/18902138.2024.2430513 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“We thematically analysed the responses that practitioners charted among their clients abductively (Thompson, 2022), with our analysis partially shaped by our research on the themes, ‘common language’ (McGlashan & Krendel, 2023) and specific groups or pages identified by extant literature on the…”
Cass, M., & Prabhu, R. (2024) · Journal of Mechanical Design · doi:10.1115/1.4067343 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Diversity and “Successful Aging”: Exploring Intersectional and Existential Dimensions to Aging Well
Pickard, S., Cluley, V., Sharma, S., Oli, U., Thomas-Ekweh, G., Banerjee, J., Williams, C., Conroy, S., Vanhoutte, B., & Labeit, A. M. (2024) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnaf008 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Chen, A. Z., Peeks, M. D., & Kyne, S. H. (2025) · Journal of Chemical Education · doi:10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01326 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Transforming towards AI-augmented Healthcare: Experiences of physicians in Sweden
Ismail, M., Barth, H., Holmén, M., Petersson, L., & Irgang, L. (2025) · Technovation · doi:10.1016/j.technovation.2025.103333 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Friedrich, L. (2025) · Governance · doi:10.1111/gove.70052 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Lindsay, C., Baruffati, D., Mackenzie, M., Ellis, D. A., Major, M., O'Donnell, K., Simpson, S. A., Williamson, A. E., Duddy, C., & Wong, G. (2023) · NIHR Open Research · doi:10.3310/nihropenres.13431.1 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Coding also involves abduction, with parameters influenced by emerging theoretical understandings while those understandings themselves are shaped by the empirical data to find logical, useful and plausible solutions to the presenting problems (Thompson, 2022).”
Nihoul, J. A., Miralles, F., & Neamtu, L. (2023) · Project Leadership and Society · doi:10.1016/j.plas.2023.100106 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Ray, C. D., Iannarino, N. T., Wang, N. O., Matias, B., Westerman, A. W., & Germann, J. N. (2023) · Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10410236.2023.2285558 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
More than preferences: exploring Chinese middle-class parents’ happiness promises in school choice
Zhong, C. (2024) · British Journal of Sociology of Education · doi:10.1080/01425692.2024.2359459 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Abductive thematic analysis was employed to investigate and identify parents’ perceptions of happiness (Tavory and Timmermans 2014 ; Thompson 2022 ).”
How do medical students' expectations shape their experiences of well‐being programmes?
Tan, E., Driessen, E. W., Frambach, J., Cleland, J., & Kearney, G. P. (2024) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.15543 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“…in approaching the empirical data, helping us to abductively code key texts (e.g. institutional policies such as house system handbook for students) 33 for institutional processes and rules that influenced students' interaction with their house tutors and participation in the house system…”
Fighting fair: community perspectives on the fairness of performance enhancement in esports
Friehs, M. A., Klarkowski, M., Frommel, J., Phillips, C. J., & Mandryk, R. L. (2024) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2024.1330755 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“The general analysis procedure for the open questions was the same across questions and followed thematic analysis procedures (51, 52).”
Wehden, S., Garber, H., Aichinger, M., Hempel, E., Creutzig, F., & Janda, K. B. (2024) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.144534 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Lyngby, J. G.-H., Nielsen, L. N., Ankerkilde, S., Bentzen, A. W., Bjørnvad, C. R., Lund, T. B., & Sandøe, P. (2025) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2024.1488917 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Macbeth, J. L., & Sprake, A. (2025) · Sport Education and Society · doi:10.1080/13573322.2025.2460173 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“…that could be explained by existing theoretical and conceptual lenses, whilst navigating the ‘interactions, exchanges, or contextual anomalies’ (Thompson, 2022, p. 1415) that triggered theoretical refinements; (7) finally, we engaged in a comparative analysis of how themes and codes were…”
Zhang, H., & Hsu, C. H. C. (2025) · Current Issues in Tourism · doi:10.1080/13683500.2025.2463122 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Drivers and Barriers in Shaping Resilience Projects: An Investigation in the Space Economy
Paravano, A., Locatelli, G., & Trucco, P. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management · doi:10.1109/tem.2025.3568298 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Second, we performed an abductive thematic analysis [85].”
Tackling new research questions in energy transition: The system of provision approach
Dei, G., Mignacca, B., Locatelli, G., & Trucco, P. (2025) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125991 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Exploring Technostress and Meta-Work: Identifying Subgroups Among Finnish Employees
Rikala, J., Heilala, V., Karhapää, A., & Hämäläinen, R. (2025) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2025.2531276 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“The analysis used abductive thematic analysis (Thompson, 2022) to reveal meta-work forms and their occurrences, followed by multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) (Beh & Lombardo, 2014; Greenacre, 1984) and agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) to group similar respondents.”
Hald, A. N., Bech, M., Enemark, U., Shaw, J., & Burau, V. (2023) · Journal of Professions and Organization · doi:10.1093/jpo/joad027 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Schüttengruber, G., Olsson, M. M., Holmberg, C., Großschädl, F., Hessman, E., Sjöblom, H., & Heckemann, B. (2024) · Geriatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.05.017 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
A qualitative exploration of 40 Hz sound and music for older adults with mild cognitive impairment
Wang, C., Li, M., Szanton, S. L., Courtney, S. M., Pantelyat, A. Y., Li, Q., Huang, J., & Li, J. (2024) · Geriatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.02.005 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Nigatu, A. M., Yilma, T. M., Gezie, L. D., Gebrewold, Y., Gullslett, M. K., Mengiste, S. A., & Tilahun, B. C. (2024) · International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications · doi:10.1155/2024/5578056 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Këllezi, B., Wakefield, J. R. H., Bowe, M., Guxholli, A., Livingstone, A., Jetten, J., & Reicher, S. D. (2024) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.3124 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Managers in the Era of Digital Transformation: Navigating the Dual Realities of Time
Focacci, C. N., Pichault, F., & Rondeaux, G. (2024) · New Technology Work and Employment · doi:10.1111/ntwe.12320 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“In the context of grounded theory research, the abductive method is instrumental in developing theories that emerge from empirical data rather than merely testing pre ‐ existing hypotheses (Thompson 2022).”
Cultivating Public Value and Accountability Beyond NPM: A Non‐Western Perspective
Ang, S. Y., & Wickramasinghe, D. (2024) · Financial Accountability and Management · doi:10.1111/faam.12426 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Arvendell, M., Phillips, L., Delilovic, S., Enelius, M. B., Olsson, K., Bolejko, A., Akre, O., Carlsson, S., Richter, A., & Lantz, A. W. (2024) · European Urology Open Science · doi:10.1016/j.euros.2024.12.007 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Bricolage and Entrepreneurial Branding in Finnish Tourism Business SMEs
Suomi, K., & Aro, K. (2025) · Corporate Reputation Review · doi:10.1057/s41299-024-00215-0 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“Thereafter, the codes were arranged to themes by searching for relationships between different codes and sorting them based on their ability to collectively explain the phenomenon behind the data, in which prior literature allowed us to form an understanding about (Thompson 2022).”
Influential
- Authors
- Thompson, J.
- Affiliations
- Edinburgh Napier University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Thompson, Jamie
- ORCID
- Thompson, Jamie
- Venue
- The Qualitative Report
- Publisher
- Nova Southeastern University
- Published
- 2022-05-20
- ISSN
- 1052-0147 (ISSN-L)
- 2160-3715
- OpenAlex
- W4280585239
- Semantic Scholar
- 2765f40bd6e8e0d8bc9c1eddbd129fba2be5cbad
- Cited by
- 493
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 131 · 2025: 174 · 2024: 124 · 2023: 58 · 2022: 6
- FWCI
- 195.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- The Qualitative Report (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Edinburgh Napier Research Repository (Edinburgh Napier University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- NSUWorks (Nova Southeastern University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Research Output (Edinburgh Napier University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Qualitative Research Methods and Ethics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Sociology and Education Studies
- Keywords
- abductive research, thematic analysis, qualitative data analysis, scientific rigor, research methodology
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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