Association of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) with depressive symptoms in the united states population and independent predictors of depressive symptoms in an IBD population: a NHANES study
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BACKGROUND/AIMS: There is a paucity of population-based studies on the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and depression in the U.S. population. We sought to study this association using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. METHODS: We used NHANES data from 2009 to 2010. Our study included 190,269,933 U.S. adults without IBD and 2,325,226 with IBD. We sought to determine whether IBD is an independent risk factor for depressive symptoms (DS) in the U.S. population and studied the independent predictors of DS in IBD population. RESULTS: DS was present in 49% of the IBD population versus 23% of the non-IBD population (p<0.001). During the multivariate analysis, we found that IBD was independently associated with DS in the U.S. population (p=0.002). The independent predictors of DS in the IBD population were older age (p=0.048) and divorced/separated/widowed status (p=0.005). There was nonsignificant increase in suicidal risk in IBD population with DS versus that in non-IBD population with DS (27% vs 12%, respectively, p=0.080). Only 36% of IBD individuals with DS visited mental health professional or psychiatrist within the past year. CONCLUSIONS: IBD is independently associated with DS in the U.S. population. Further research is warranted on risk stratification, screening and management of those with IBD who are at risk of depression.
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In NHANES, IBD was found to act as an independent risk factor for depression.
“In this big data study, IBD hallmarked by chronic and recurrent disease, was found to act as an independent risk factor for depression (59).”
From Stress triggers flare of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adults (2019) · cites this paper as [59]
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Muñoz, T. M. (2025) · Diversitas · doi:10.15332/22563067.11084
Yang, C., Hu, T., Xue, X., Su, X., Zhang, X., Fan, Y., Shen, X., & Dong, X. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24761295
Yang, C., Hu, T., Xue, X., Su, X., Zhang, X., Fan, Y., Shen, X., & Dong, X. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26650659
Yang, C., Hu, T., Xue, X., Su, X., Zhang, X., Fan, Y., Shen, X., & Dong, X. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26650656
Yang, C., Hu, T., Xue, X., Su, X., Zhang, X., Fan, Y., Shen, X., & Dong, X. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26650662
Yang, C., Hu, T., Xue, X., Su, X., Zhang, X., Fan, Y., Shen, X., & Dong, X. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24761992
Riel, H., Jacobo, F. L., Bernstein, C. N., Bolton, J. M., Fisk, J. D., Graff, L. A., Hitchon, C. A., Mayo, C. D., Patten, S. B., Marrie, R. A., et al. (2026) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/13591053251396478
- Authors
- Bhandari, S., Larson, M. E., Kumar, N., & Stein, D.
- Affiliations
- Medical College of Wisconsin (US)
- Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bhandari, Sanjay
- Venue
- Gut and Liver
- Published
- 2017-07-15
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 512-519
- ISSN
- 1976-2283 (ISSN-L)
- 2005-1212
- PMC
- PMC5491086
- OpenAlex
- W2605873409
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 5.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Gut and Liver (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- inflammatory bowel disease, depressive symptoms, depression, suicide risk, mental health help-seeking, marital status, age, risk factors, NHANES
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Risk Factors, United States, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Incidence, Prevalence, Multivariate Analysis, Marital Status, Young Adult
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