Overview of pediatric obesity: diagnosis, epidemiology, and significance
Open accessAbstract
Background: The prevalence of pediatric obesity has increased over the past several decades worldwide and in Korea. Childhood obesity has become a serious social problem.Current Concepts: Diagnosis of obesity is based on body mass index (BMI) in children and adolescents aged ≥2 years. Overweight and obese are defined as BMI ≥85th percentile to <95th percentile and BMI ≥95th percentile, respectively, corresponding to sex and age. Obesity is further classified as Class I (BMI ≥95th percentile to <120% of 95th percentile), Class II (BMI ≥120% of 95th percentile to <140% of 95th percentile), and Class III (BMI ≥140% of 95th percentile). Waist circumference and waist-height ratio are used to evaluate abdominal obesity. Pediatric obesity can cause childhood comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and hypertension. Adult obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and other adult comorbidities, together with increased medical costs are additional consequences of pediatric obesity.Discussion and Conclusion: Prevention, diagnosis, and proper management of pediatric obesity are important.
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BMI has the drawback of not adequately reflecting the proportions of body fat and muscle mass because it is calculated by simply dividing body weight by the square of height.
“However, BMI has the drawback of not adequately reflecting the proportions of body fat and muscle mass because it is calculated by simply dividing body weight by the square of height.10”
From Reference Values for Waist Circumference and Waist–Height Ratio in Korean Children and Adolescents (2022) · cites this paper as [10]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Kim, J. H.
- Affiliations
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, Jae Hyun
- ORCID
- Kim, Jae Hyun
- Venue
- Journal of the Korean Medical Association
- Publisher
- Korean Medical Association (KAMJE)
- Published
- 2021-06-10
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 401-409
- ISSN
- 1975-8456 (ISSN-L)
- 2093-5951
- OpenAlex
- W3171346539
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 2.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Korean Medical Association (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Obesity and Health Practices
- Keywords
- childhood obesity, body mass index, obesity classification, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, abdominal obesity, obesity-related comorbidities, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity prevalence, obesity prevention, obesity treatment, health care costs
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