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An Inconvenient Truth: How Organizations Translate Climate Change into Business as Usual
Abstract
Climate change represents the grandest of challenges facing humanity. In the space of two centuries of industrial development, human civilization has changed the chemistry of the atmosphere and oceans, with devastating consequences. Business organizations are central to this challenge, in that they support the production of escalating greenhouse gas emissions but also offer innovative ways to decarbonize our economies. In this paper, we examine how businesses respond to climate change. Based on five in-depth case studies of major Australian corporations over a 10-year period (2005–2015), we identify three key stages in the corporate translation of climate change: framing, localizing, and normalizing. We develop a grounded model that explains how the revolutionary import of grand challenges is converted into the mundane and comfortable concerns of “business as usual.” We find that critique is the major driver of this process by continuously revealing the tensions between the demands of the grand challenge and business imperatives. Our paper contributes to the literature on business and the natural environment by identifying how and why corporate environmental initiatives deteriorate over time. More specifically, we highlight the policy limitations of a reliance on business and market responses to the climate crisis.
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“Wright and Nyberg (2017) argue that the organizations in pursuit of their economic gains have in the past lobbied against carbon emissions initiatives and further delayed constructive action.”
From Climate change and COP26: Are digital technologies and information management part of the problem or the solution? An editorial reflection and call to action (2022) · cites this paper as Wright and Nyberg (2017)
In the citing paper
“These are clear indications that human influence on climate systems is clear and growing (Wright & Nyberg, 2017).”
From Climate change and COP26: Are digital technologies and information management part of the problem or the solution? An editorial reflection and call to action (2022) · cites this paper as Wright & Nyberg, 2017
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“Wright and Nyberg (2017) describe business case framing of climate change as when companies conformed to short-term market conditions and observed that over time, companies would regress toward traditional business concerns, i.e., profit maximisation.”
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Wang, T., & Yu-tao, C. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0277258 · Cited by 10
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BackgroundInfluentialLogistic Flow Control System in Green Supply Chains
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“Without relying on neo-institutional theory, other publications use grand challenges to address climate change (Wright & Nyberg, 2017), technological innovation in the molecular sciences (Grodal & O’Mohani, 2017), or corporate accountability in authoritarian regimes (Luo et al., 2016).”
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Rouleau, L. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198792024.003.0003 · Cited by 5
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“We also have evidence from the domains of diversity (Kalev, Dobbin, and Kelly, 2006), climate change (Wright and Nyberg, 2017), and working conditions (Balsiger, 2018) showing that after organizations make concessions, they often fall short on implementation.”
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Tzeng, C.-H. (2024) · Management International Review · doi:10.1007/s11575-024-00554-4 · Cited by 8
Emplotting Climate Change: Rhetorical History and Imagined Accountability
Fan, Z., Liu, Y., & Nyberg, D. (2025) · Academy of Management Perspectives · doi:10.5465/amp.2023.0486 · Cited by 6
Self-citationzu Knyphausen‐Aufseß, D., & Santarius, T. (2021) · Corporate and Business Strategy Review · doi:10.22495/cbsrv2i1art4 · Cited by 6
“…challenges” mentioned above, questions remain open why firms in many cases, do not do what is to their own advantage and why they, for example, tend to trivialize the climate change problem as the “new normal” of their business environment (Ansari, Wijen, & Gray, 2013; Wright & Nyberg, 2017).”
BackgroundCarbon controls in a New Zealand electricity utility: An application of theoretical triangulation
Bui, B., & Fowler, C. J. (2022) · Accounting and Finance · doi:10.1111/acfi.12942 · Cited by 6
Fehre, K., Oehmichen, J., Steinberg, P. J., & Widmann, B. (2023) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137041 · Cited by 6
Risky business: understanding the green voice behaviour of Australian professionals
Trezise, M., & Richardson, M. J. (2023) · International Journal of Ethics and Systems · doi:10.1108/ijoes-12-2022-0305 · Cited by 9
Majid, J. A., Rahim, N. A., & Razak, R. (2023) · Cogent Business & Management · doi:10.1080/23311975.2023.2266166 · Cited by 6
“Second, prior studies (e.g., Damert & Baumgartner, 2018; Lee, 2012; Weinhofer & Hoffmann, 2010; Wright & Nyberg, 2017) highlighted the lack of longitudinal studies on firms’ strategic response towards climate change mitigation.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialLadegaard, I., & Rieger, A. (2024) · Social Problems · doi:10.1093/socpro/spae045 · Cited by 6
Somjai, S., Rattamanee, K., Thongdonpum, K., & Jermsittiparsert, K. (2019) · Summer Conferences of Sports Science · doi:10.14198/jhse.2019.14.proc5.42 · Cited by 6
“A conceptual model was proposed by (Wright & Nyberg ,2017) which explains how non-market and MRKTS affect organizations.”
MethodTowards an understanding of New Zealand Union responses to climate change
Douglas, J., & McGhee, P. (2021) · Labour & Industry a journal of the social and economic relations of work · doi:10.1080/10301763.2021.1895483 · Cited by 6
“Unfortunately, organisations often interpret climate change from a business perspective (Wright and Nyberg 2017), which is to be expected in a market system based on fiscal growth and fossil fuels (Hamilton 2003), and in which, there are limited incentives to undertake decarbonisation or even…”
BackgroundMaking Climate Change Fit for Capitalism: The Corporate Translation of Climate Adaptation
Nyberg, D., & Wright, C. (2019) · Academy of Management Proceedings · doi:10.5465/ambpp.2019.90 · Cited by 6
“…provides further insight into the concept of ‘disaster capitalism’ (Klein, 2007), in which the ‘impossibility’ of a radical decarbonisation of the global economy in order to avoid climate collapse is translated into local practices which maintain business as usual (Wright & Nyberg, 2017).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCultivating dispersed collectivity: How communities between organizations sustain employee activism
Stöber, A., & Girschik, V. C. (2024) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/00187267241290979 · Cited by 5
“Instead of being put in a position to challenge the status quo in any way meaningful to them, they typically find their aspirations curtailed and rewritten to perpetuate business-as-usual (see, for example, Wright and Nyberg, 2017).”
Bansal, P., Lee, J. Y., Barbosa, A. M., Rüegger, S., & Miller, E. M. (2025) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2025.115232 · Cited by 5
The impact of ESG performance on greenhouse gas emission performance in Latin America
Firmino, A. L., & Peixoto, F. M. (2025) · Revista Contabilidade & Finanças · doi:10.1590/1808-057x20242089.en · Cited by 6
Management Theory: Jungle, Myth, or Hoax?
Willmott, H. C. (2025) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2023.0098 · Cited by 6
Edman, J., & Stevens, C. E. (2025) · Academy of Management collections. · doi:10.5465/amc.2023.0011 · Cited by 6
Does Board Gender Diversity Matter for Engagement in the Science‐Based Targets Initiative?
Schüder, M., & Zülch, H. (2025) · Business Strategy & Development · doi:10.1002/bsd2.70235 · Cited by 5
Metadata
- Authors
- Wright, C., & Nyberg, D.
- Affiliations
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
- Venue
- Academy of Management Journal
- Publisher
- Academy of Management
- Published
- 2017-10
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1633-1661
- ISSN
- 0001-4273 (ISSN-L)
- 1948-0989
- OpenAlex
- W2549987064
- Semantic Scholar
- f20571a311cc9d7c403c5b9b4f78e7152df3c73f
- Cited by
- 722
- References
- 111
- Citations by year
- 2026: 106 · 2025: 114 · 2024: 96 · 2023: 102 · 2022: 96 · 2021: 63 · 2020: 65 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 7
- FWCI
- 54.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Academy of Management Journal (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Malmö University Publications (Malmö University) (submittedVersion)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Environmental Sustainability in Business
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Management and Organizational Studies
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability
- Keywords
- climate change, corporate climate action, business as usual, corporate environmental initiatives, framing, localization, normalization, societal challenges, critique, greenhouse gas emissions, decarbonization, Australian firms, corporate environmental policy
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