The DOI matches its Crossref record; 299 of the 299 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Algorithms at Work: The New Contested Terrain of Control
Abstract
The widespread implementation of algorithmic technologies in organizations prompts questions about how algorithms may reshape organizational control. We use Edwards’ (1979) perspective of “contested terrain,” wherein managers implement production technologies to maximize the value of labor and workers resist, to synthesize the interdisciplinary research on algorithms at work. We find that algorithmic control in the workplace operates through six main mechanisms, which we call the “6 Rs”—employers can use algorithms to direct workers by restricting and recommending, evaluate workers by recording and rating, and discipline workers by replacing and rewarding. We also discuss several key insights regarding algorithmic control. First, labor process theory helps to highlight potential problems with the largely positive view of algorithms at work. Second, the technical capabilities of algorithmic systems facilitate a form of rational control that is distinct from the technical and bureaucratic control used by employers for the past century. Third, employers’ use of algorithms is sparking the development of new algorithmic occupations. Finally, workers are individually and collectively resisting algorithmic control through a set of emerging tactics we call algoactivism. These insights sketch the contested terrain of algorithmic control and map critical areas for future research.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“For advertisers, algorithmic ad delivery creates uncertainty about the targets they reach and more generally reduces their control over the output of their actions (Kellogg et al., 2020).”
From How online advertising targets consumers: The uses of categories and algorithmic tools by audience planners (2024) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“Understanding that algorithmic systems are socially constructed and embedded in existing power dynamics also means these systems are neither created nor function outside the biases rooted in the organizational cultures within which they are implemented (Kellogg et al., 2020).”
From Algorithmic management in a work context (2021) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“However, the use of advanced algorithms cre-ates new opportunities for managers to exercise control over the workforce (Kellogg et al., 2020; Shapiro, 2018).”
From Algorithmic management in a work context (2021) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“Different from traditional staffing agencies, digital labor platforms manage gig workers via algorithmic management (Kellogg et al., 2020;McDonnell et al., 2021).”
From Gig work and gig workers: An integrative review and agenda for future research (2024) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“Indeed, gig workers' customer evaluations not only serve as surrogates for their performance ratings but also affect the likelihood of their future orders (Kellogg et al., 2020).”
From Gig work and gig workers: An integrative review and agenda for future research (2024) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“Management scholars have therefore provided very little insight into AI during the last two decades (Kellogg, Valentine, & Christin, 2020;Lindebaum, Vesa, & den Hond, 2020).”
From Artificial Intelligence and Management: The Automation–Augmentation Paradox (2021) · cites this paper as Kellogg, Valentine, & Christin, 2020
In the citing paper
“Whenever the key actors of an organization negotiate who is authorized (4.1 & 4.3) to modify the AI system and to what extent modification is to be undertaken, dimensions of power and control are on the table (Kellogg et al. 2020;Ren 2019;Vallas and Hill 2012).”
From Keeping the organization in the loop: a socio-technical extension of human-centered artificial intelligence (2023) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al. 2020
In the citing paper
“First, we identify six management functions that algorithms are currently able to perform: monitoring, goal setting, performance management, scheduling, compensation, and job termination.”
From Algorithms as work designers: How algorithmic management influences the design of jobs (2022) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2019
In the citing paper
“However, recent reviews and conceptualizations (Kellogg et al., 2019;Mateescu & Nguyen, 2019a;Schafheitle et al., 2020) consider algorithmic management as a technological phenomenon that is not contingent on the type of organization and can be found in a large array of work contexts.”
From Algorithms as work designers: How algorithmic management influences the design of jobs (2022) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2019
In the citing paper
“Algorithmic control of platforms is used to control the behaviour of users on platforms to achieve the platform owners’ corporate objectives”
From Content Creators Between Platform Control and User Autonomy: The Role of Algorithms and Revenue Sharing (2023) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al. 2020
In the citing paper
“Other studies have found that content creators are ‘leveraging algorithms’ (Kellogg et al. 2020, p. 391) and ‘working around the algorithm’ (Curchod et al. 2020, p. 17) by constantly uploading (Arriagada and Ibáñez 2020), A/B testing (Cotter 2019), and diversifying their incomes (Cutolo and Kenney 2021).”
From Content Creators Between Platform Control and User Autonomy: The Role of Algorithms and Revenue Sharing (2023) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al. 2020
In the citing paper
“Thus, they focus on content and topics that have delivered good key figures in the past, similar to algorithmic rewarding (Kellogg et al. 2020).”
From Content Creators Between Platform Control and User Autonomy: The Role of Algorithms and Revenue Sharing (2023) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al. 2020
In the citing paper
“Previous literature has already identified A/B testing (Cotter 2019), algorithmic gossip (Bishop 2019), and leveraging algorithms (Kellogg et al. 2020) as coping mechanisms.”
From Content Creators Between Platform Control and User Autonomy: The Role of Algorithms and Revenue Sharing (2023) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al. 2020
In the citing paper
“Empirical research shows that freelance platform workers respond to algorithmic control by gaming and at times, sabotaging algorithms to (re)gain control (Gandini, 2019;Kellogg et al., 2020;Newlands, 2020;Veen et al., 2020).”
From Algorithmic human resource management: Synthesizing developments and cross-disciplinary insights on digital HRM (2021) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“This is the contested-terrain dynamic that the algorithmic management literature describes, deployed in a firm with no specialist function to contest it [21].”
From Borrowed Competence: When AI-Driven HR Builds Startups’ People Capability and When It Hollows It Out (2026) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“The lack of transparency in algorithmic decision-making has been associated with dynamics of control, power, and surveillance (Kellogg et al., 2020).”
From Why do users trust algorithms? A review and conceptualization of initial trust and trust over time (2022) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“Algorithmic management might perpetuate societal biases and reproduce discriminatory practices at work, whether the discrimination is built into the algorithms, or management's use of the algorithm, or as a result of customer's rating of workers (Noble 2018;Benjamin 2019;Kellogg et al. 2020;Akter et al. 2021;Zajko 2021;Heinrichs 2022).”
From Artificial intelligence and work: a critical review of recent research from the social sciences (2024) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al. 2020
Citations
Cites
(1994) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/0002-8223(94)92216-0 · Cited by 46,726
ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge
Russakovsky, O., Deng, J., Su, H., Krause, J., Satheesh, S., Ma, S., Huang, Z., Karpathy, A., Khosla, A., Bernstein, M., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1007/s11263-015-0816-y · Cited by 39,380
The Theory of Social and Economic Organization.
Salomon-Delatour, G., Weber, M., Henderson, A. M., & Parsons, T. (1948) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2086579 · Cited by 11,302
Burt, R. S. (1992) · doi:10.4159/9780674029095 · Cited by 9,093
The future of employment: How susceptible are jobs to computerisation?
Frey, C. B., & Osborne, M. A. (2017) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2016.08.019 · Cited by 8,727
Wing, J. M. (2006) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/1118178.1118215 · Cited by 8,102
Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology
Poggi, G. (1969) · Sociology · doi:10.1177/003803856900300342 · Cited by 6,851
Braverman, H. (1974) · Monthly Review · doi:10.14452/mr-026-03-1974-07_1 · Cited by 5,505
boyd, D., & Crawford, K. (2012) · Information, Communication & Society · doi:10.1080/1369118x.2012.678878 · Cited by 5,479
The Principles of Scientific Management.
Woolf, L. S., Taylor, F. W., Scott, W. D., & Goldmark, J. C. (1912) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.2307/2221959 · Cited by 5,254
Research works printed but not linked: 94
- Ahmed S. I., 2016, Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
- Aloisi A., 2015, Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal, 37, 653
- Autor D. H., 2015, Performance and progress: Essays on capitalism, business and society
- Bailey D., 2019, Academy of Management
- Barocas S., 2016, California Law Review, 104, 671
- Berente N., 2014, Stakeholders, and Measurement (March 26, 2014)
- Beunza D., 2015, Systemic Risk Center
- Bodie M. T., 2017, University of Colorado Law Review, 88, 961
- Borch C., 2016, Socio-Economic Review, 15, 283
- Boyle E., 2018, Understanding latent style, Multithreaded
- Bradley A., 2019, Building our centralized experimental platform, Multithreaded, 2019
- Brayne S., Social Problems
- Brockman J., 2019, Possible minds: Twenty-five ways of looking at AI
- Burawoy M., 1985, The politics of production: Factory regimes under capitalism and socialism
- Calo R., 2017, Columbia Law Review, 117, 1623
- Cameron L., 2018, Academy of Management Annual Meeting
- Cameron L., 2019, 9th Biennial Positive Organizational Scholarship Conference
- Campbell H., 2018, The rideshare guy: A blog and podcast for rideshare drivers
- Chalmers M., 2003, Workshop at the Crossroads: The interaction of HCI and Systems Issues in UbiComp
- Cherry M. A., 2015, Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal, 37, 577
- Christin A., 2017, Big Data & Society, Big Data & Society, 4, 1
- Christin A., 2019, International Journal of Communication
- Colner E., 2018, Three years of erch engineering, Multithreaded
- Common M., 2019, SSRN Electronic Journal
- Corporaal G. F., 2017, Platform sourcing–How fortune 500 firms are adopting online freelancing platforms
- Corporaal G. F., 2019, Reshaping Work Conference
- Crawford K., 2014, Boston College Law Review, 55, 93
- Curchod C., 2019, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1
- Davenport T. H., 2016, Only humans need apply: winners and losers in the age of smart machines
- Davidson A., 2016, The future Of work looks like a UPS truck
- De Stefano V., 2015, Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal, 37, 471
- Deterding S., 2011, CHI 2011 gamification workshop proceedings
- Diakopoulos N., 2016, MIT Technology Review, 17, 2016
- Feller A., 2016, The Washington Post
- Felstiner A., 2011, Berkeley Journal of Employment and Labor Law, 32, 143
- Fourcade M., 2016, Socio-Economic Review, 15, 9
- Glynn P., 2018, Your client engagement program isn’t doing what you think it is, MultiThreaded
- Gomez-Uribe C. A., 2016, ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems (TMIS), 6, 13
- Gupta A., 2018, Crisis Text Line Blog, 2019
- Hall J. V., 2019, Pricing efficiently in designed markets: The case of ride-sharing
- Haraszti M., 1978, A worker in a worker’s state
- Howe J., 2006, Wired Magazine, 14, 1
- Jackson S. R., 2019, MIT Economic Sociology Working Group
- Karunakaran A., 2019, 35th European Group for Organizational Studies pre-colloquium
- Kaynak F. E., 2019, Bootcamps: A new path for occupational entry
- Kellogg K., 2018, Oxford Professional Services Conference
- Kellogg K., Organization Science
- Kessinger R., 2019, MIT Economic Sociology Working Group Seminar
- Kochan T. A., 2019, ILR Review, 72, 3
- Landay J., 2019, Smart interfaces for human-centered AI
- Lanier J., 2018, Harvard Business Review
- Lebovitz S., 2019, Doubting the diagnosis: How artificial intelligence increases ambiguity during professional decision making
- Leonardi P., 2018, Harvard Business Review, 96, 70
- Levy K., 2017, Berkeley Technology Law Journal, 32, 1183
- Levy K., 2018, International Journal of Communication, 12, 23
- Liu Y.-E., 2014, EDM
- Lix K., 2019, Expressly different: Interpretive diversity and team performance
- Lix K., 2019, Kharma scores and team learning in software development gigs
- McClelland M., 2012, Mother Jones
- Mindell D. A., 2015, Our robots, ourselves: Robotics and the myths of autonomy
- Mollick E. R., 2014, The Wharton School research paper series
- Myers J., 2019, An Expanded Role for State Actors: Coordinating Workforce Intermediation Across Multiple Geographies and Industries in Four U.S. States
- Nikolaidis S., 2012, Human-robot teaming using shared mental models
- O’Connor S., 2015, Financial Times, 8
- Pasquale F., 2015, The Hedgehog Review, 17, 30
- Pine K. H., 2016, Conference 2016 Proceedings
- Rahman H., 2017, Reputational ploys: Reputation and ratings in online labor markets
- Rahman H., 2019, From iron cages to invisible cages: Algorithmic evaluations in online labor markets
- Rahman H., 2019, How client managers restrain control to keep control: Evidence from technologically-mediated ‘Gigs’
- Ramsay R. A., 1966, Managers and men: Adventures in industry
- Ranganathan A., 2017, Academy of Management
- Raval N., 2016, Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing
- Rosenblat A., 2016, International Journal of Communication, 10, 3758
- Sachon M., 2017, KUKA: Planning for the future of automation
- Salehi N., 2015, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
- Scheiber N., 2017, The New York Times, 2
- Scholz T., 2016, Challenging the corporate sharing economy
- Schwartz D., 2018, Work and Occupations, 45, 247, 10.1177/0730888418762263 · DOI
- Segal L., 2014, The decoded company: Know your talent better than you know your customers
- Stanculescu L. C., 2016, Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing, 346
- Sundararajan A., 2016, The sharing economy: The end of employment and the rise of crowd-based capitalism
- Tabrizi B. N., 2019, Harvard Business Review, 13
- Thorp A. A., 2012, International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 9, 1
- Truelove E., 2019, Integrating the crowd into the firm production process: The critical role of guided mobilization
- Valentine M., 2019, Algorithms and the org chart
- Vancil R. F., 1982, Implementing strategy: The role of top management
- Waardenburg L., 2018, 34th European Group for Organizational Studies (EGOS) Colloquium: Surprise in and around Organizations: Journeys to the Unexpected
- Walz S. P., 2014, The gameful world: Approaches, issues, applications
- Whyte W. H., 1956, The organization man
- Wilson H. J., 2017, Mit Sloan Management Review
- Winner L., 1980, Daedalus, 109, 121
- Wood A., 2019, SASE
- Zhou S., 2018, Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1
- Zhou S., 2018, Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 1,401–1,500 of 2,755
Mistar, O., Csaba, M., & Roșca, M. (2025) · Central and Eastern European eDem and eGov Days · doi:10.1145/3773002.3773004 · Cited by 1
Lee, S., & Kim, C. (2026) · International Journal of Cultural Policy · doi:10.1080/10286632.2026.2634715 · Cited by 1
Choroszewicz, M. (2026) · Government Information Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.giq.2026.102128 · Cited by 3
Liu, R., & Fan, H. (2026) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su18052244 · Cited by 4
Leveraging Big Data Analytics for Sustainable and Ethical Supply Chains
Singh, M., & Bansal, R. (2026) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-6896-2.ch003 · Cited by 1
Önden, A. (2026) · Management Science Advances. · doi:10.31181/msa31202643 · Cited by 1
Poo-Udom, A. (2026) · Results in Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.rineng.2026.110014 · Cited by 3
The hollowing of the manager: character in the age of algorithmic authority
Enstroem, R. (2026) · International Studies of Management and Organization · doi:10.1080/00208825.2026.2642242 · Cited by 1
People analytics, trust erosion and intention to leave: the role of information asymmetry
Klöpper, M., & Rowe, F. (2026) · Information & Management · doi:10.1016/j.im.2026.104346 · Cited by 2
Yönetici İşlevlerinin Otomasyonu: Algoritmik Yönetimin İşlevleri, Faydaları ve Riskleri
DOĞRUL, B. Ş., & Demirci, A. G. (2026) · Özgür Yayınları eBooks · doi:10.58830/ozgur.pub1251.c5085 · Cited by 2
From bedside to bytes: the digital transformation of the healthcare workforce
Kyratsis, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2026.1777607 · Cited by 1
Nanjundeswaraswamy, T. S., Nagesh, P., & Bharath, S. (2026) · Journal of Organizational Effectiveness People and Performance · doi:10.1108/joepp-09-2025-0858 · Cited by 3
Gulati, P., Marchetti, A., & Puranam, P. (2026) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.2023.04127 · Cited by 2
Sposato, M. (2026) · European journal of training and development · doi:10.1108/ejtd-06-2025-0116 · Cited by 1
When algorithms watch: the threat of algorithmic tracking and evaluation to app-workers’ decent work
Wang, Y., Yuan, X., Xi, Y., & Meng, X. (2026) · Baltic Journal of Management · doi:10.1108/bjm-07-2025-0596 · Cited by 1
Li, J., Qin, Q., & Cheng, B. (2026) · Journal of business research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2026.116159 · Cited by 1
Zaher, A., Prikshat, V., Vinot, D., Malik, A., & el aziz, J. A. (2026) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2026.124645 · Cited by 3
Raghuveer, P., & Patil, H. (2026) · International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH · doi:10.29121/granthaalayah.v14.i3.2026.6827 · Cited by 1
Mergen, A., Özbilgin, M. F., & Tekeste, M. (2026) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.70108 · Cited by 1
ABADI, N., & Outmane, S. (2026) · Multidisciplinary Reviews · doi:10.31893/multirev.2026510 · Cited by 5
Violating and Reclaiming Boundaries in Precarious Employment and Algorithmic Management
Kößler, F. J., Müller, A., Roose, D., & Hornung, S. (2026) · Handbook series in occupational health sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-88856-4_23-1 · Cited by 1
Making AI Work: A Critical Theory of AI Production
Waelen, R. A., & Deranty, J. (2026) · Constellations · doi:10.1111/1467-8675.70053 · Cited by 1
Justice Evaluations of Algorithmic Management: The Role of Prior Discrimination Experience
Moritz, J. M., & Wehner, M. (2026) · Business & Information Systems Engineering · doi:10.1007/s12599-026-01002-3 · Cited by 3
Cai, Y., & Zainal, S. R. M. (2026) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci16040184 · Cited by 1
Greenwashing in the digital age: transparency and sustainable corporate governance mechanisms
Zapata-Soto, T., & Guiñez-Cabrera, N. A. (2026) · Corporate Governance · doi:10.1108/cg-12-2025-1039 · Cited by 1
A bibliometric analysis of algorithmic governance and employee experience in the modern workplace
Kertechian, K. S., Elidrissi, R., & El-Farr, H. (2026) · Cogent Business & Management · doi:10.1080/23311975.2026.2655925 · Cited by 1
Chen, Z. (2026) · Gender Work and Organization · doi:10.1111/gwao.70169 · Cited by 1
Wang, B., Zhao, C., Wang, A. Z., Wu, Y., & Yu, N. (2026) · Supply Chain Management An International Journal · doi:10.1108/scm-06-2025-0621 · Cited by 1
Maddah, M., Esfahani, S. A., & Hasani, A. (2026) · Research in Transportation Business & Management · doi:10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101664 · Cited by 2
PERCEIVED ALGORITHMIC CONTROL AND EMOTIONAL LABOR IN PLATFORM GIG WORK
Gao, S., & Chen, L. (2026) · The EUrASEANs journal on global socio-economic dynamics · doi:10.35678/2539-5645.11.2.2026.58 · Cited by 1
Transforming Food Ethics in the Age of Livestream E-Commerce
Guo, W. (2026) · Food Ethics · doi:10.1007/s41055-026-00220-5 · Cited by 2
Wang, C., Fan, Z., Pellegrini, M. M., Ciampi, F., & Niu, S. (2026) · Journal of Organizational Change Management · doi:10.1108/jocm-10-2025-0846 · Cited by 3
Understanding artificial intelligence usage and knowledge sharing: The social ties perspective
Zhang, L., & Yan, R. (2026) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.106967 · Cited by 2
Chu, K., & Chan, H.-C. (2026) · Strategic Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.sbr.2026.100165 · Cited by 1
Ng-Soon-Chye, J. (2026) · Journal of Tropical Futures Sustainable Business Governance & Development · doi:10.1177/27538931261446664 · Cited by 1
Digital transformation as future-ready strategizing: beyond the destination view
Baiyere, A., Constantiou, I., Indulska, M., & Tuunainen, V. K. (2026) · The Journal of Strategic Information Systems · doi:10.1016/j.jsis.2026.101975 · Cited by 2
Hu, H. (2026) · The Journal of Chinese Sociology · doi:10.1186/s40711-026-00261-7 · Cited by 1
10.65033 Burnout among Gig Workers Triggered by Customer Ratings and Algorithmic Management
Nagpal, P. (2026) · Journal of International Management and Technology · doi:10.65033/jimt.v2i1.009 · Cited by 1
Hemachandran, K., Rodriguez, R. V., & Rege, M. (2026) · Journal of Information Communication and Ethics in Society · doi:10.1108/jices-12-2025-0375 · Cited by 1
GenAI and the Transformation of Cognitive Production: A Regime Perspective
Schmalenbach, K. (2026) · ACM SIGCPR Conference on Computer Personnel Research (SIGCPR) · doi:10.1145/3768310.3807799 · Cited by 1
Ouyang, C., Shi, X., & 张, H. P. 华. Z. (2026) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.70076 · Cited by 1
AI in service industries: striking a balance between value co-creation and co-destruction
Colurcio, M., & Caridà, A. (2026) · Management Decision · doi:10.1108/md-11-2025-3576 · Cited by 1
Wang, Y., & Lyu, X. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1759562 · Cited by 1
Partner or Rival? How Human-Artificial Intelligence Conflict Shapes Artificial Intelligence Aversion
Ansari, K., & Ghasemaghaei, M. (2026) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.1080/07421222.2026.2647459 · Cited by 1
Hayes, A. S. (2026) · Journal of Cultural Economy · doi:10.1080/17530350.2026.2637713 · Cited by 2
Tekin, E., & Stoycheva, B. (2026) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su18105011 · Cited by 3
Lived experiences of female ride hailing drivers and the dynamics of opportunity and risk in Ghana
Bukari, S., & Miine, L. K. (2026) · Discover Global Society · doi:10.1007/s44282-026-00425-3 · Cited by 1
Zhu, X., Chen, H., & Li, M. (2026) · China Accounting and Finance Review · doi:10.1108/cafr-06-2024-0082 · Cited by 1
Yu, S., Kawasaki, S., Magni, F., Yu, K. Y. T., & Munusamy, V. P. (2026) · Human Resource Management Review · doi:10.1016/j.hrmr.2026.101152 · Cited by 1
Chen, Z. (2026) · Employee Relations · doi:10.1108/er-08-2025-0643 · Cited by 1
Generative AI and cognitive biases in strategic decision-making
Cristofaro, M., Giardino, P. L., & Augier, M. (2026) · Strategic Organization · doi:10.1177/14761270261457350 · Cited by 2
A STUDY OF THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SHAPING HUMAN-ALGORITHMIC INTERACTIONS
Shalomova, A., & Ignatieva, I. (2026) · Socio-economic relations in the digital society · doi:10.55643/ser.2.60.2026.675 · Cited by 1
Woods, C., & Davis, J. (2026) · Organization · doi:10.1177/13505084261447974 · Cited by 2
Doomscrolling, Digital Behavior, and Gen Z Workplace Dynamics
Gupta, J., & Gupta, S. (2026) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-2600-2178-1.ch008 · Cited by 1
Fu, Z., Liang, X., & Xie, X. (2026) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-026-09580-x · Cited by 1
Understanding Algorithmic Management in the Traditional Work Context: A Quantitative Analysis
Schmid, A. L., & Wiesche, M. (2026) · Lecture notes in information systems and organisation · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-08483-5_20 · Cited by 2
AI-Enabled Leadership and Innovation Variance
Vlas, C. O., Masoud, Y., & Flores, C. (2026) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci16060263 · Cited by 1
Vulnerability of Workforce to AI Automation and Ethical Reactions
Anabathula, T. S., Cummings, J., Gibson, D., McCune, L., & Warren, C. (2026) · Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium · doi:10.1109/sieds69358.2026.11540281 · Cited by 1
Algorithmic Management and Worker Well-Being: An Institutionalist Lens
Mutari, E., & Figart, D. M. (2026) · Journal of Economic Issues · doi:10.1080/00213624.2026.2657212 · Cited by 1
An AI-Driven Socio-Technical Framework for Performance Management in Teleworking Environments
Wafa, Y., & Longo, J. (2026) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci16060272 · Cited by 1
Unmanned, not unmanaged: phygital service design for enhanced retail experience and well-being
Gustafsson, A. (2026) · Journal of Services Marketing · doi:10.1108/jsm-09-2025-0693 · Cited by 1
Leadership Capability Building for Digital and Agentic Intelligence
Vihari, N. S. (2026) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-6650-0.ch005 · Cited by 1
Taylorism and Alienation in Labour Process: A Case of Amazon Warehouse in the UK
Miao, M., & Situ, H. (2026) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-026-06378-6 · Cited by 1
Adelmant, V., & Fisher, A. (2026) · Computer law & security review · doi:10.1016/j.clsr.2026.106344 · Cited by 1
Modelling Human–AI Trust in Sociotechnical Systems: A Systems Perspective on Organizational Change
Yahong, W., Ali, A., & Meiguang, Z. (2026) · Systems Research and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1002/sres.70101 · Cited by 1
Afrika’da Dijital Emek Sömürüsünün Yapay Zeka Tedarik Zinciri Perspektifinden Analizi
Baş, H. (2026) · Bölge Çalışmaları Dergisi · doi:10.66548/ajas.1888150
Reckoning with the Political Economy of AI: Avoiding Decoys in Pursuit of Accountability
Vertesi, J., boyd, D., Taylor, A. S., & Shestakofsky, B. (2026) · ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT) · doi:10.1145/3805689.3806739 · Cited by 1
Normative entrainment through affect in national artificial intelligence strategies
Bucher, E. L., Castelló, I., & Fieseler, C. (2026) · Government Information Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.giq.2026.102164 · Cited by 1
Bujold, A., Gaudet, M., & Parent‐Rocheleau, X. (2026) · Organizational Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/20413866261461258 · Cited by 1
Managing Employee Voice as an Organizational Capability: An Integrative Process Model
Dionysiou, D. D., & Psychogios, A. G. (2026) · Human Resource Management Journal · doi:10.1111/1748-8583.70049 · Cited by 1
Khan, U. A., Yılmaz, M. K., Hacıoğlu, Ü., ghezel, A., & Yildirim, A. H. (2026) · Human Systems Management · doi:10.1177/01672533261461699 · Cited by 2
Li, Y. J., Tao, C., Qian, J., & Xie, T. (2026) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2026.124762 · Cited by 1
Strategic HR Sustainability in Quick Commerce
Keerthi, S., Ashwini, D. P., & Shivakumar, S. (2026) · Journal of Computers Mechanical and Management · doi:10.57159/jcmm.5.3.25399 · Cited by 1
Impostor phenomenon in human resource management within the era of artificial intelligence
Omar, F., & Beretu, T. (2026) · SA Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.4102/sajhrm.v24i0.3382 · Cited by 1
Rana, R., & Bhambri, P. (2026) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-5816-1.ch008 · Cited by 1
S., K., & Kumaran, J. (2026) · IIMT Journal of Management · doi:10.1108/iimtjm-12-2025-0104 · Cited by 1
Yu, D., Lee, S. S., & Ko, T. (2026) · Journal of Asian Public Policy · doi:10.1080/17516234.2026.2697937 · Cited by 1
Shanmugam, U., Rajendran, M. K., Natarajan, J., & Karri, V. V. S. R. (2026) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci16070327 · Cited by 2
Moganadas, S. R., Goh, G. G. G., Cheah, C. S., & Shidik, G. F. (2026) · Societies · doi:10.3390/soc16070213 · Cited by 3
Nanda, P. K. (2026) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2026.2697344 · Cited by 1
van Zyl, L. E. (2026) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2026.2701096 · Cited by 2
DIGITAL MARKETING ADOPTION AND CONTINUANCE CHALLENGES IN MALAYSIAN MSMES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Osman, N., Basiruddin, R. B., & Ibrahim, I. S. A. (2026) · International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Management Practices · doi:10.35631/ijemp.934014 · Cited by 1
Milojević, S., Knežević, M., & Vujko, A. (2026) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci16070341 · Cited by 2
(Re)assembling algorithmic resistance: An integrative review of research-machines
Zenkl, T. (2026) · Big Data & Society · doi:10.1177/20539517261458302 · Cited by 1
The Generative AI Dilemma in Knowledge-Intensive Teams
Reif, J. A., & Cummings, J. N. (2026) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2024.0538 · Cited by 2
Patel, P. C., Rofcanın, Y., Kamaşak, R., & Belitski, M. (2026) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.70149 · Cited by 1
Zhu, J., Xin, J., & Zhang, N. (2026) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci16070352 · Cited by 1
Mathew, M. S., & George, A. (2026) · Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies · doi:10.1108/jeee-03-2026-0235 · Cited by 1
Bargaining for distance: regulatory patterns of remote work in French collective agreements
Thoemmes, J. (2026) · Employee Relations · doi:10.1108/er-08-2025-0718 · Cited by 1
Skill Deprioritization: Reorganizing in the Age of Generative Artificial Intelligence
Devigili, M., Yilmaz, E. D., Gaba, V., & Greve, H. R. (2026) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.2025.01859 · Cited by 1
Calderero, J. M., & Bataglia, W. (2026) · Digital Policy Regulation and Governance · doi:10.1108/dprg-02-2026-0070 · Cited by 1
Ethically Designing Customer and Employee Experiences in the Age of AI and Knowledge Automation
Nayak, S., Malik, A., & Budhwar, P. (2026) · Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ) · doi:10.1177/14413582261454384 · Cited by 1
Thanasi-Boçe, M., & Urbano, D. (2026) · Technology in Society · doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2026.103492 · Cited by 3
Erkasap, A. (2026) · Öneri Dergisi · doi:10.14783/maruoneri.1892378 · Cited by 1
Aissani, R. A., Shabaneh, H. M., Kanaan, H., & Elshenawy, I. I. (2026) · Journalism and Media · doi:10.3390/journalmedia7030162 · Cited by 2
Metricized Scaffolds: AI-Enabled Simulation Training and Transfer in Human Resource Development
Xie, N., Liu, Y., Wang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2026) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci16080372 · Cited by 1
Navarra, D. D. (2026) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su18157882 · Cited by 2
CHANDAD, A., Benchekroun, M. A., & Abakouy, M. (2026) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su18168055 · Cited by 1
McGuire, J., Cremer, D. D., & Narayanan, D. (2026) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2026.116470 · Cited by 1
卢凤 (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1829522 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Kellogg, K. C., Valentine, M. A., & Christin, A.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Stanford University (US)
- Department of Communication Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences
- Venue
- Academy of Management Annals
- Publisher
- Academy of Management
- Published
- 2020-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 366-410
- ISSN
- 1941-6067 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-6520
- OpenAlex
- W2990520658
- Cited by
- 2,732
- References
- 284
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1145 · 2025: 477 · 2024: 350 · 2023: 288 · 2022: 247 · 2021: 175 · 2020: 48
- FWCI
- 237.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Academy of Management Annals (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Digital Economy and Work Transformation
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Industrial relations › Legal and Labor Studies
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management Information Systems › Information Systems Theories and Implementation
- Keywords
- algorithmic control, contested terrain, labour process theory, rational control, employee resistance, worker evaluation, worker discipline
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
