The DOI matches its Crossref record; 299 of the 299 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Algorithms at Work: The New Contested Terrain of Control
Abstract
The widespread implementation of algorithmic technologies in organizations prompts questions about how algorithms may reshape organizational control. We use Edwards’ (1979) perspective of “contested terrain,” wherein managers implement production technologies to maximize the value of labor and workers resist, to synthesize the interdisciplinary research on algorithms at work. We find that algorithmic control in the workplace operates through six main mechanisms, which we call the “6 Rs”—employers can use algorithms to direct workers by restricting and recommending, evaluate workers by recording and rating, and discipline workers by replacing and rewarding. We also discuss several key insights regarding algorithmic control. First, labor process theory helps to highlight potential problems with the largely positive view of algorithms at work. Second, the technical capabilities of algorithmic systems facilitate a form of rational control that is distinct from the technical and bureaucratic control used by employers for the past century. Third, employers’ use of algorithms is sparking the development of new algorithmic occupations. Finally, workers are individually and collectively resisting algorithmic control through a set of emerging tactics we call algoactivism. These insights sketch the contested terrain of algorithmic control and map critical areas for future research.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“For advertisers, algorithmic ad delivery creates uncertainty about the targets they reach and more generally reduces their control over the output of their actions (Kellogg et al., 2020).”
From How online advertising targets consumers: The uses of categories and algorithmic tools by audience planners (2024) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“Understanding that algorithmic systems are socially constructed and embedded in existing power dynamics also means these systems are neither created nor function outside the biases rooted in the organizational cultures within which they are implemented (Kellogg et al., 2020).”
From Algorithmic management in a work context (2021) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“However, the use of advanced algorithms cre-ates new opportunities for managers to exercise control over the workforce (Kellogg et al., 2020; Shapiro, 2018).”
From Algorithmic management in a work context (2021) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“Different from traditional staffing agencies, digital labor platforms manage gig workers via algorithmic management (Kellogg et al., 2020;McDonnell et al., 2021).”
From Gig work and gig workers: An integrative review and agenda for future research (2024) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“Indeed, gig workers' customer evaluations not only serve as surrogates for their performance ratings but also affect the likelihood of their future orders (Kellogg et al., 2020).”
From Gig work and gig workers: An integrative review and agenda for future research (2024) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“Management scholars have therefore provided very little insight into AI during the last two decades (Kellogg, Valentine, & Christin, 2020;Lindebaum, Vesa, & den Hond, 2020).”
From Artificial Intelligence and Management: The Automation–Augmentation Paradox (2021) · cites this paper as Kellogg, Valentine, & Christin, 2020
In the citing paper
“Whenever the key actors of an organization negotiate who is authorized (4.1 & 4.3) to modify the AI system and to what extent modification is to be undertaken, dimensions of power and control are on the table (Kellogg et al. 2020;Ren 2019;Vallas and Hill 2012).”
From Keeping the organization in the loop: a socio-technical extension of human-centered artificial intelligence (2023) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al. 2020
In the citing paper
“First, we identify six management functions that algorithms are currently able to perform: monitoring, goal setting, performance management, scheduling, compensation, and job termination.”
From Algorithms as work designers: How algorithmic management influences the design of jobs (2022) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2019
In the citing paper
“However, recent reviews and conceptualizations (Kellogg et al., 2019;Mateescu & Nguyen, 2019a;Schafheitle et al., 2020) consider algorithmic management as a technological phenomenon that is not contingent on the type of organization and can be found in a large array of work contexts.”
From Algorithms as work designers: How algorithmic management influences the design of jobs (2022) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2019
In the citing paper
“Algorithmic control of platforms is used to control the behaviour of users on platforms to achieve the platform owners’ corporate objectives”
From Content Creators Between Platform Control and User Autonomy: The Role of Algorithms and Revenue Sharing (2023) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al. 2020
In the citing paper
“Other studies have found that content creators are ‘leveraging algorithms’ (Kellogg et al. 2020, p. 391) and ‘working around the algorithm’ (Curchod et al. 2020, p. 17) by constantly uploading (Arriagada and Ibáñez 2020), A/B testing (Cotter 2019), and diversifying their incomes (Cutolo and Kenney 2021).”
From Content Creators Between Platform Control and User Autonomy: The Role of Algorithms and Revenue Sharing (2023) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al. 2020
In the citing paper
“Thus, they focus on content and topics that have delivered good key figures in the past, similar to algorithmic rewarding (Kellogg et al. 2020).”
From Content Creators Between Platform Control and User Autonomy: The Role of Algorithms and Revenue Sharing (2023) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al. 2020
In the citing paper
“Previous literature has already identified A/B testing (Cotter 2019), algorithmic gossip (Bishop 2019), and leveraging algorithms (Kellogg et al. 2020) as coping mechanisms.”
From Content Creators Between Platform Control and User Autonomy: The Role of Algorithms and Revenue Sharing (2023) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al. 2020
In the citing paper
“Empirical research shows that freelance platform workers respond to algorithmic control by gaming and at times, sabotaging algorithms to (re)gain control (Gandini, 2019;Kellogg et al., 2020;Newlands, 2020;Veen et al., 2020).”
From Algorithmic human resource management: Synthesizing developments and cross-disciplinary insights on digital HRM (2021) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“This is the contested-terrain dynamic that the algorithmic management literature describes, deployed in a firm with no specialist function to contest it [21].”
From Borrowed Competence: When AI-Driven HR Builds Startups’ People Capability and When It Hollows It Out (2026) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“The lack of transparency in algorithmic decision-making has been associated with dynamics of control, power, and surveillance (Kellogg et al., 2020).”
From Why do users trust algorithms? A review and conceptualization of initial trust and trust over time (2022) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“Algorithmic management might perpetuate societal biases and reproduce discriminatory practices at work, whether the discrimination is built into the algorithms, or management's use of the algorithm, or as a result of customer's rating of workers (Noble 2018;Benjamin 2019;Kellogg et al. 2020;Akter et al. 2021;Zajko 2021;Heinrichs 2022).”
From Artificial intelligence and work: a critical review of recent research from the social sciences (2024) · cites this paper as Kellogg et al. 2020
Citations
Cites
(1994) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/0002-8223(94)92216-0 · Cited by 46,726
ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge
Russakovsky, O., Deng, J., Su, H., Krause, J., Satheesh, S., Ma, S., Huang, Z., Karpathy, A., Khosla, A., Bernstein, M., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1007/s11263-015-0816-y · Cited by 39,380
The Theory of Social and Economic Organization.
Salomon-Delatour, G., Weber, M., Henderson, A. M., & Parsons, T. (1948) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2086579 · Cited by 11,302
Burt, R. S. (1992) · doi:10.4159/9780674029095 · Cited by 9,093
The future of employment: How susceptible are jobs to computerisation?
Frey, C. B., & Osborne, M. A. (2017) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2016.08.019 · Cited by 8,727
Wing, J. M. (2006) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/1118178.1118215 · Cited by 8,102
Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology
Poggi, G. (1969) · Sociology · doi:10.1177/003803856900300342 · Cited by 6,851
Braverman, H. (1974) · Monthly Review · doi:10.14452/mr-026-03-1974-07_1 · Cited by 5,505
boyd, D., & Crawford, K. (2012) · Information, Communication & Society · doi:10.1080/1369118x.2012.678878 · Cited by 5,479
The Principles of Scientific Management.
Woolf, L. S., Taylor, F. W., Scott, W. D., & Goldmark, J. C. (1912) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.2307/2221959 · Cited by 5,254
Research works printed but not linked: 94
- Ahmed S. I., 2016, Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
- Aloisi A., 2015, Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal, 37, 653
- Autor D. H., 2015, Performance and progress: Essays on capitalism, business and society
- Bailey D., 2019, Academy of Management
- Barocas S., 2016, California Law Review, 104, 671
- Berente N., 2014, Stakeholders, and Measurement (March 26, 2014)
- Beunza D., 2015, Systemic Risk Center
- Bodie M. T., 2017, University of Colorado Law Review, 88, 961
- Borch C., 2016, Socio-Economic Review, 15, 283
- Boyle E., 2018, Understanding latent style, Multithreaded
- Bradley A., 2019, Building our centralized experimental platform, Multithreaded, 2019
- Brayne S., Social Problems
- Brockman J., 2019, Possible minds: Twenty-five ways of looking at AI
- Burawoy M., 1985, The politics of production: Factory regimes under capitalism and socialism
- Calo R., 2017, Columbia Law Review, 117, 1623
- Cameron L., 2018, Academy of Management Annual Meeting
- Cameron L., 2019, 9th Biennial Positive Organizational Scholarship Conference
- Campbell H., 2018, The rideshare guy: A blog and podcast for rideshare drivers
- Chalmers M., 2003, Workshop at the Crossroads: The interaction of HCI and Systems Issues in UbiComp
- Cherry M. A., 2015, Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal, 37, 577
- Christin A., 2017, Big Data & Society, Big Data & Society, 4, 1
- Christin A., 2019, International Journal of Communication
- Colner E., 2018, Three years of erch engineering, Multithreaded
- Common M., 2019, SSRN Electronic Journal
- Corporaal G. F., 2017, Platform sourcing–How fortune 500 firms are adopting online freelancing platforms
- Corporaal G. F., 2019, Reshaping Work Conference
- Crawford K., 2014, Boston College Law Review, 55, 93
- Curchod C., 2019, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1
- Davenport T. H., 2016, Only humans need apply: winners and losers in the age of smart machines
- Davidson A., 2016, The future Of work looks like a UPS truck
- De Stefano V., 2015, Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal, 37, 471
- Deterding S., 2011, CHI 2011 gamification workshop proceedings
- Diakopoulos N., 2016, MIT Technology Review, 17, 2016
- Feller A., 2016, The Washington Post
- Felstiner A., 2011, Berkeley Journal of Employment and Labor Law, 32, 143
- Fourcade M., 2016, Socio-Economic Review, 15, 9
- Glynn P., 2018, Your client engagement program isn’t doing what you think it is, MultiThreaded
- Gomez-Uribe C. A., 2016, ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems (TMIS), 6, 13
- Gupta A., 2018, Crisis Text Line Blog, 2019
- Hall J. V., 2019, Pricing efficiently in designed markets: The case of ride-sharing
- Haraszti M., 1978, A worker in a worker’s state
- Howe J., 2006, Wired Magazine, 14, 1
- Jackson S. R., 2019, MIT Economic Sociology Working Group
- Karunakaran A., 2019, 35th European Group for Organizational Studies pre-colloquium
- Kaynak F. E., 2019, Bootcamps: A new path for occupational entry
- Kellogg K., 2018, Oxford Professional Services Conference
- Kellogg K., Organization Science
- Kessinger R., 2019, MIT Economic Sociology Working Group Seminar
- Kochan T. A., 2019, ILR Review, 72, 3
- Landay J., 2019, Smart interfaces for human-centered AI
- Lanier J., 2018, Harvard Business Review
- Lebovitz S., 2019, Doubting the diagnosis: How artificial intelligence increases ambiguity during professional decision making
- Leonardi P., 2018, Harvard Business Review, 96, 70
- Levy K., 2017, Berkeley Technology Law Journal, 32, 1183
- Levy K., 2018, International Journal of Communication, 12, 23
- Liu Y.-E., 2014, EDM
- Lix K., 2019, Expressly different: Interpretive diversity and team performance
- Lix K., 2019, Kharma scores and team learning in software development gigs
- McClelland M., 2012, Mother Jones
- Mindell D. A., 2015, Our robots, ourselves: Robotics and the myths of autonomy
- Mollick E. R., 2014, The Wharton School research paper series
- Myers J., 2019, An Expanded Role for State Actors: Coordinating Workforce Intermediation Across Multiple Geographies and Industries in Four U.S. States
- Nikolaidis S., 2012, Human-robot teaming using shared mental models
- O’Connor S., 2015, Financial Times, 8
- Pasquale F., 2015, The Hedgehog Review, 17, 30
- Pine K. H., 2016, Conference 2016 Proceedings
- Rahman H., 2017, Reputational ploys: Reputation and ratings in online labor markets
- Rahman H., 2019, From iron cages to invisible cages: Algorithmic evaluations in online labor markets
- Rahman H., 2019, How client managers restrain control to keep control: Evidence from technologically-mediated ‘Gigs’
- Ramsay R. A., 1966, Managers and men: Adventures in industry
- Ranganathan A., 2017, Academy of Management
- Raval N., 2016, Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing
- Rosenblat A., 2016, International Journal of Communication, 10, 3758
- Sachon M., 2017, KUKA: Planning for the future of automation
- Salehi N., 2015, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
- Scheiber N., 2017, The New York Times, 2
- Scholz T., 2016, Challenging the corporate sharing economy
- Schwartz D., 2018, Work and Occupations, 45, 247, 10.1177/0730888418762263 · DOI
- Segal L., 2014, The decoded company: Know your talent better than you know your customers
- Stanculescu L. C., 2016, Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing, 346
- Sundararajan A., 2016, The sharing economy: The end of employment and the rise of crowd-based capitalism
- Tabrizi B. N., 2019, Harvard Business Review, 13
- Thorp A. A., 2012, International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 9, 1
- Truelove E., 2019, Integrating the crowd into the firm production process: The critical role of guided mobilization
- Valentine M., 2019, Algorithms and the org chart
- Vancil R. F., 1982, Implementing strategy: The role of top management
- Waardenburg L., 2018, 34th European Group for Organizational Studies (EGOS) Colloquium: Surprise in and around Organizations: Journeys to the Unexpected
- Walz S. P., 2014, The gameful world: Approaches, issues, applications
- Whyte W. H., 1956, The organization man
- Wilson H. J., 2017, Mit Sloan Management Review
- Winner L., 1980, Daedalus, 109, 121
- Wood A., 2019, SASE
- Zhou S., 2018, Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1
- Zhou S., 2018, Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 1,501–1,600 of 2,755
Socioeconomic status across the career life cycle: A review and research agenda
Bazzoli, A., Chatterjee, D., Gödöllei, A. F., & Phetmisy, C. N. (2026) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.70134 · Cited by 1
How Digital Surveillance Erodes Justice and Organizational Trust
Osei, D., Afriyie, A., & Adu, K. (2023) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/5dh515x9tt · Cited by 1
The Axiology of AI Agents: How Human-AI Interaction Transforms Values from Espoused to Enacted
Glaser, V., Sloan, J., Valadão, R., & Micelotta, E. R. (2026) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2024.0494 · Cited by 2
Surveillance in brick-and-mortar retail: theory and practice in the age of AI
Elnahla, N. (2026) · The International Review of Retail Distribution and Consumer Research · doi:10.1080/09593969.2026.2719587 · Cited by 1
Iordache, A., Rughiniş, C., Rughinis, R. V., & Țurcanu, D. (2026) · Societies · doi:10.3390/soc16080267 · Cited by 1
Organizational Nostalgia, Identity Protection, and Resistance During Digital Transformation
Roberts, M., Thompson, S., Anderson, J., & Smith, R. (2025) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/ch2mnd0mdw · Cited by 1
Zhang, X., Bai, S., & Yu, D. (2026) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-026-09949-y · Cited by 1
Work Redesign after Digital Augmentation of Human Expertise and Agency
Larsson, S., Johansson, E., Nilsson, A., & Andersson, L. (2025) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/f9ejhcqn5d · Cited by 1
Expertise Erosion, Skill Dependency, and Tacit Knowledge Loss Inside Automated Workflows
Silva, M., Pereira, J., Costa, B., & Alves, R. (2026) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/t06fub63bi · Cited by 1
The Behavioral Architecture of Coordination, Agency, and Accountability in Organizations
Hassan, A., Siddiqui, N., Khan, B., Malik, S., & Ali, H. (2026) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/taogp01ad9 · Cited by 1
Korzyński, P., Wojtczuk‐Turek, A., Turek, D., Meglio, O., & Zabicka-Wlodarczyk, M. (2026) · Journal of Change Management · doi:10.1080/14697017.2026.2719997 · Cited by 1
Müller, A., Danailova, I., Ertel, M., Gündel, H., Heming, M., Kemter, A., Scheepers, L., & Röttgen, C. (2026) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1886482 · Cited by 1
Embracing vulnerability in AI-mediated coaching: A developmental pathway for ethical HRD
Kot, S., Kaur, H., & Haque, A. U. (2026) · JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES · doi:10.14254/2071-8330.2026/19-2/2 · Cited by 2
Artificial intelligence and job design: Insights from Job Demands–Resources theory
Bakker, A. B., Junker, T. L., Scharp, Y. S., & Černe, M. (2026) · Technology in Society · doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2026.103533 · Cited by 1
Shin, W., & Kim, B. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16091577 · Cited by 1
Shu, X., & He, X. (2026) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/j.lrp.2026.102678 · Cited by 1
Giamos, D., Bujold, A., Doucet, O., & Parent‐Rocheleau, X. (2026) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/pr-05-2024-0529 · Cited by 1
The AI Efficiency Trap: Why Local Automation Gains Fail to Become Organizational Value
Li, R.-Z. (2026) · Management Research Quarterly · doi:10.63029/tz21n342 · Cited by 1
Tipurić, D., Hruška, D., & Perić, E. (2026) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci16100489 · Cited by 1
What knowledge claims: the teaching profession meets algorithmic management
Broeck, P. V., & Stark, D. (2026) · Globalisation Societies and Education · doi:10.1080/14767724.2026.2741906 · Cited by 1
Silva, C. R. C., & Tomazzoni, G. C. (2026) · Cadernos EBAPE.BR · doi:10.1590/1679-395120260081 · Cited by 1
Andrei, F., Bruni, A., & Tirabeni, L. (2020) · SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO · doi:10.3280/sl2020-158008 · Cited by 1
Integration von Künstlicher Intelligenz in Dienstleistungen aus Kundenperspektive
Leyer, M. (2021) · Forum Dienstleistungsmanagement · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-34326-2_16 · Cited by 1
Rogozińska‐Pawełczyk, A. (2021) · Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego eBooks · doi:10.18778/8220-730-9 · Cited by 1
Hopes and Realities of the Digital
Anwar, M. A., & Graham, M. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198840800.003.0001 · Cited by 1
Africa’s New Digital Connectivity and Economic Change
Anwar, M. A., & Graham, M. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198840800.003.0002 · Cited by 1
Bryant, P. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-76445-6_3 · Cited by 2
Adams, Z. (2022) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192857774.003.0005 · Cited by 1
Bureaucracy under pressure: New(s) management practices in central government agencies
Eriksson‐Zetterquist, U., & Pallas, J. (2022) · European Management Journal · doi:10.1016/j.emj.2022.12.014 · Cited by 3
Det usynlige menneske i platformsarbejde – en kvalitativ undersøgelse af algoritmisk ledelse
Kusk, K., Duus, K., Hansen, S. S., & Floros, K. (2022) · Tidsskrift for Arbejdsliv · doi:10.7146/tfa.v24i3.134746 · Cited by 2
The Danger of Job Insecurity in the Platform Economy
Zhang, J., & Weng, Y. (2023) · Frontiers in Management Science · doi:10.56397/fms.2023.04.10 · Cited by 1
Yan, G. E. (2023) · BCP Social Sciences & Humanities · doi:10.54691/bcpssh.v21i.3888 · Cited by 1
Challenges and Opportunities of Integrating AI with IFRS in Accounting Systems Insights from Morocco
Hniche, O., & Saadane, R. (2023) · International Conference on Networking, Information Systems & Security (NISS) · doi:10.1145/3607720.3607785 · Cited by 2
Mendonça, R. F., Filgueiras, F. D. B., & Almeida, V. A. F. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192870070.003.0002 · Cited by 1
Mendonça, R. F., Filgueiras, F. D. B., & Almeida, V. A. F. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192870070.003.0004 · Cited by 1
Mendonça, R. F., Filgueiras, F. D. B., & Almeida, V. A. F. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192870070.003.0006 · Cited by 1
Silva, F. M. E., & Saltorato, P. (2024) · Revista de Administração Sociedade e Inovação · doi:10.20401/rasi.10.1.791 · Cited by 1
Features of overcoming burnout syndrome by police officers: World experience
Ботнаренко, І. А. (2023) · Ûridičnij časopis Nacìonalʹnoï akademìï vnutrìšnìh sprav · doi:10.56215/naia-chasopis/4.2023.40 · Cited by 1
Zhou, Q., Li, Q., & LIANG, S. (2024) · Advances in Psychological Science · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1042.2024.00594 · Cited by 1
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Auditing
Mehabadi, M., & Shafiei, S. (2023) · doi:10.61838/kman.ijimob.3.5.8 · Cited by 1
Mao, J., Wen-wen, C. H. E. N., & Can, J. I. N. (2024) · Advances in Psychological Science · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1042.2024.01430 · Cited by 1
Prácticas de cuidado y resistencia en trabajadores de plataformas de reparto
Sánchez, C. M., & Padilla, M. Á. S. (2024) · Revista Científica del Amazonas · doi:10.34069/ra/2024.13.05 · Cited by 1
Digitalisation of Employee Performance Evaluation to Advance Public Sector Human Resource Management
Mthuli, S. A. (2024) · Advances in human resources management and organizational development book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-2889-7.ch011 · Cited by 1
Cortés, M. C. (2024) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003286561 · Cited by 1
Lareiro, P. D. P. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-44458-7_12 · Cited by 1
Piosik, A. (2024) · Procedia Computer Science · doi:10.1016/j.procs.2024.09.387 · Cited by 1
ALGORITHMIC MANAGEMENT IN THE FOOD DELIVERY GIG ECONOMY: MECHANISMS OF CONTROL AND WORKER AUTONOMY
Sigroha, A., & Kapoor, P. (2024) · ShodhKosh Journal of Visual and Performing Arts · doi:10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i1.2024.2878 · Cited by 1
Digitale Transformation als Herausforderung der Public Relations
Winkler, P., & Kretschmer, J. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-28034-5_60 · Cited by 1
Role of artificial intelligence in human resource management for optimizing employee productivity
Veshne, N., & Jamnani, J. (2024) · ITM Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/itmconf/20246801003 · Cited by 5
A Bibliometric Review on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Human Resources Management
Altuntaş, G., Inanc, Y., & Tekin, İ. Ç. (2025) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-7693-5.ch001 · Cited by 1
Sharma, S., Mittal, A., & Seema, S. (2024) · IEEE Delhi Section Conference (DELCON) · doi:10.1109/delcon64804.2024.10866434 · Cited by 1
From Apathy to Algoactivism: Worker Resistance to Algorithmic Control in Food Delivery Platforms
Weber, M., Remus, U., & de Jong, A. (2025) · Lecture notes in information systems and organisation · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-80125-9_8 · Cited by 1
Daviss, C., & Leung, M. D. (2025) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.2023.17383 · Cited by 2
Alačovska, A. (2025) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-025-05971-5 · Cited by 1
(2025) · Journal of Logistics Informatics and Service Science · doi:10.33168/jliss.2025.0113 · Cited by 5
Tripathi, V. M. (2025) · NHRD Network Journal · doi:10.1177/26314541251325706 · Cited by 1
The Ambiguous Revolts: Precarity and Insurgence in the Twenty-First Century
Pinheiro‐Machado, R., & Neves, I. B. S. (2025) · Journal of Anthropological Research · doi:10.1086/736485 · Cited by 1
Managerial Fears and Hopes: The Human Side of Algorithmic Management in Organisations
Kamaşak, R., Alkan, D. P., Sungur, M. Z., & Kilic, S. B. (2025) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-83608-904-920251010 · Cited by 1
Valadão, R., Glaser, V., & Hannigan, T. R. (2025) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s0733-558x20250000095003 · Cited by 1
Machine-Readable Legitimacy: An Ethnography of Regulatory Technology
Washington, A. L. (2025) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s0733-558x20250000095005 · Cited by 1
Exploring Algorithmic Assemblages Through Multimodal Inquiry
Timmer, V., Wrona, T., & Reinecke, P. C. (2025) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s0733-558x20250000095009 · Cited by 1
The Hidden Human Costs of Building Crisis-Ready Organizational Resilience
Zhang, W., Hui, C., & Tan, M. (2023) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/eol01fojnx · Cited by 1
Digital Taylorism and the Erosion of Professional Judgment
Nilsson, P., Johansson, E., & Andersson, L.-Å. (2023) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/cqxvxlnw0i
When Empowerment Intensifies Hidden Work and Self-Management Pressure
Gonzales, M., Santos, J., Cruz, A., & Reyes, C. (2024) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/xb9zawfllg · Cited by 1
Bennett, O., Collins, H., Foster, J., & Wright, E. (2024) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/o95hh2b6sl · Cited by 1
How Predictive Systems Suppress Dissent and Organizational Learning
Huy, N. T., Minh, P. Q., Bich, L. T., & Nam, T. V. (2025) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/gqw2ou6cch · Cited by 1
Responsible Artificial Intelligence for Transparent and Contestable Organizational Decision-Making
Ramirez, C., Torres, E., Ortega, P., & Mendes, S. (2025) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/9saawmvfx8 · Cited by 1
Walker, D. J., & Harris, O. (2023) · Journal of Digital Business and Management Studies · doi:10.68159/w554940010 · Cited by 1
UNPLUGGING smart city citizenship: Beyond the hyperconnected societies
Calzada, I. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815300-0.00001-0 · Cited by 1
Control Algorítmico: en Organizaciones y Sociedad
Navarro, Ó. (2021) · Compendium Cuadernos de Economía y Administración · doi:10.46677/compendium.v8i3.999 · Cited by 1
Les grands auteurs en contrôle de gestion
Sponem, S., & Pezet, A. (2021) · EMS Editions eBooks · doi:10.3917/ems.spone.2021.01.0006 · Cited by 1
Schultz, M. D., & Seele, P. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-22107-2_26 · Cited by 1
Consent and dissent among platform-based workers: How symbolism steers Uber drivers’ motivation
Curchod, C., Giamporcaro, S., & Kuk, G. (2021) · Academy of Management Proceedings · doi:10.5465/ambpp.2021.14528abstract · Cited by 1
Kornelakis, A., Benassi, C., Grimshaw, D., & Miozzo, M. (2022) · doi:10.20919/vunu3389 · Cited by 1
Robotic Tools and Gender Differences in Job Performance: Evidence from Laparoscopic SurgeryPreprint
Ketkar, H., Carnahan, S., & Greenwood, B. N. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4072729 · Cited by 1
Explainer: Challenging Worker DataficationPreprint
Mateescu, A. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4584505 · Cited by 1
Denier, N., & Hughes, K. D. (2023) · The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology · doi:10.1002/9781405165518.wbeosl005.pub2 · Cited by 1
Articulation des sphères réglées et gérées de la sécurité industrielle
Industrielle, F. P. U. C. D. S., Marsden, E., Périnet, R., & Pariès, J. (2024) · doi:10.57071/rgr871 · Cited by 1
État de la situation sur les impacts sociétaux de l'intelligence artificielle et du numérique - 2024
Obvia, Langlois, L., Cousineau, M., Gagnon, M.-P., Larnder, C. I., Naffi, N., Garneau, J., Lévesque, C., Brin, C., Guèvremont, V., et al. (2024) · doi:10.61737/cfrt3613 · Cited by 3
Artificial Intelligence in Human Resources Management
Lathabhavan, R., Hendve, P., Panda, K. T. R., Gokhroo, L., & Rathod, A. V. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13701-3.00324-8 · Cited by 1
Articulation between compliance and initiative in safety management
Marsden, E., Périnet, R., & Pariès, J. (2024) · doi:10.57071/903aci · Cited by 1
Use Advanced Information Technology to Transform Organizations
KIM, D., ALAVI, A. M., & Yoo, Y. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781394320769.ch27 · Cited by 2
Online Platforms as Labour Market IntermediariesPreprint
Ratti, L. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5087834 · Cited by 1
How Relational Context Matters for Human-AI Cooperation Within Organizations
Kappes, A., Reinecke, M. G., Nußberger, A.-M., Janardhanan, N. S., & Earp, B. D. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198945215.003.0094 · Cited by 1
Soriano, C. R. (2025) · doi:10.1002/9781119981831.ch16 · Cited by 1
Experience-Based Learning in SMEs: A Dual Perspective on Manufacturing Efficiency and ConsistencyPreprint
Mengfei, L. I., Zhang, W., Cheng, Y., Liu, M., & Wu, X. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5273302 · Cited by 1
Platform work and labour legislation in India: Women's engagement and the role of genderPreprint
Arya, N., & Nemuri, A. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5345142 · Cited by 1
Travailler via des plateformes numériques : une approche en termes d'instruments de gestion
Galière, S. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/ee5936b2z37a5z4e48zbae5z020bf070e0bd · Cited by 1
Guraja, P. K., Nagasundaram, K., & Nalluri, M. (2026) · International Journal of Emerging Research in Science Engineering and Management · doi:10.66710/ijersem.v2si1.5 · Cited by 1
Re‐imagining the workplace of the future: Key tensions in co‐creation
Georgiadou, A., Roumpi, D., Μαγρίζος, Σ., & McDonnell, A. (2026) · European Management Review · doi:10.1111/emre.70082 · Cited by 1
Akkermans, J., Spurk, D., Beigi, M., Hofer, A., & Cuyper, N. D. (2026) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2026.104263 · Cited by 2
Cho, W., Fan, Z., & Zheng, Y. (2026) · Global Public Policy and Governance · doi:10.1007/s43508-026-00151-1 · Cited by 2
Reframing AI Literacy in Higher Education: Designing Curricula for Ethically Competent Managers
Confetto, M. G., Covucci, C., Manta, O., & Califri, C. (2026) · Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1177/10525629261468213
Sengupta, S. (2026) · World Journal of Engineering and Technology · doi:10.4236/wjet.2026.144053
Scienze cognitive e sociotecnica
Bagnara, S., Mariani, M., & Parlangeli, O. (2020) · STUDI ORGANIZZATIVI · doi:10.3280/so2020-001-s1008
Beck, R., Dibbern, J., & Wiener, M. J. (2020) · Business & Information Systems Engineering · doi:10.1007/s12599-020-00667-8
Algocracy: A critical analysis on management mediated by algorithms
Neves, I. B. S., Vianna, F. R. P. M., & Sutil, B. D. N. (2021) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)
Antoniou, A., Lykourentzou, I., Liapis, A., Nikolou, D., & Konstantinopoulou, M. (2021) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2110.02930
Schafheitle, S. D., Weibel, A. A., & Rickert, A. (2022) · Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) · doi:10.24251/hicss.2022.713
Metadata
- Authors
- Kellogg, K. C., Valentine, M. A., & Christin, A.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Stanford University (US)
- Department of Communication Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences
- Venue
- Academy of Management Annals
- Publisher
- Academy of Management
- Published
- 2020-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 366-410
- ISSN
- 1941-6067 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-6520
- OpenAlex
- W2990520658
- Cited by
- 2,732
- References
- 284
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1145 · 2025: 477 · 2024: 350 · 2023: 288 · 2022: 247 · 2021: 175 · 2020: 48
- FWCI
- 237.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Academy of Management Annals (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Digital Economy and Work Transformation
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Industrial relations › Legal and Labor Studies
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management Information Systems › Information Systems Theories and Implementation
- Keywords
- algorithmic control, contested terrain, labour process theory, rational control, employee resistance, worker evaluation, worker discipline
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
