Changes in psychological distress and psychosocial functioning in young people visiting headspace centres for mental health problems
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine changes in psychological distress and psychosocial functioning in young people presenting to headspace centres across Australia for mental health problems. DESIGN: Analysis of routine data collected from headspace clients who had commenced an episode of care between 1 April 2013 and 31 March 2014, and at 90-day follow-up. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 24 034 people aged 12-25 years who had first presented to one of the 55 fully established headspace centres for mental health problems during the data collection period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Main reason for presentation, types of therapeutic services provided, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) scores, and Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS) scores. RESULTS: Most headspace mental health clients presented with symptoms of depression and anxiety and were likely to receive cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). Younger males were more likely than other age- and sex-defined groups to present for anger and behavioural problems, while younger females were more likely to present for deliberate self-harm. From presentation to last assessment, over one-third of clients had significant improvements in psychological distress (K10) and a similar proportion in psychosocial functioning (SOFAS). Sixty per cent of clients showed significant improvement on one or both measures. CONCLUSIONS: Data regarding outcomes for young people using mental health care services similar to headspace centres are scarce, but the current results compare favourably with those reported overseas, and show positive outcomes for young people using headspace centres.
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These rates of session progression are not dissimilar to those found in other large-scale, open-access eHealth interventions such as MoodGym or in face-to-face clinic service delivery contexts such as headspace.
“These rates of session progression are not dissimilar to those found in other large-scale, open-access eHealth interventions such as MoodGym (in a sample of 82,159 participants, 63% completed no modules, 27% completed only 1 module, and 10% completed 2 or more modules out of 5 modules) [25] or even in face-to-face clinic service delivery contexts such as headspace (mean sessions attended 4.1; 49%”
From Large-scale dissemination of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for youth anxiety: Feasibility and acceptability study (2018) · cites this paper as [21]
In headspace Australia, post-treatment, young people had decreased psychological distress (47%), improved wellbeing (82%), significant symptomatic or functional improvement (60%), and statistically significant reductions in suicidal ideation.
“post-treatment, young people had decreased psychological distress (47%), improved wellbeing (82%), significant symptomatic or functional improvement (60%), statistically significant reductions in suicidal ideation”
From The Lancet Psychiatry Commission on youth mental health (2024) · cites this paper as [308]
In headspace Australia, 74% of young people have high or very high severity of psychological distress at entry.
“74% of young people have high or very high severity of psychological distress at entry”
From The Lancet Psychiatry Commission on youth mental health (2024) · cites this paper as [308]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Rickwood, D. J., Mazzer, K. R., Telford, N. R., Parker, A. G., Tanti, C. J., & McGorry, P. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Canberra (AU)
- headspace. The National Youth Mental Health Foundation, Melbourne, VIC.
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Rickwood, Debra J
- Venue
- Medical Journal of Australia
- Publisher
- AMPCo
- Published
- 2015-06
- Volume
- 202
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 537-542
- ISSN
- 0025-729X (ISSN-L)
- 1326-5377
- OpenAlex
- W2266283792
- Cited by
- 291
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 96 · 2016: 82 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 107.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- The Medical Journal of Australia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian Government
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- youth, psychological distress, psychosocial functioning, depression, anxiety, cognitive behavioral therapy, self-harm, Kessler K10
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Australia, Child, Community Mental Health Centers, Community Mental Health Services, Counseling, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Stress, Psychological, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Self-Injurious Behavior, Young Adult
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