Diversity of Bacterial Community during Ensiling and Subsequent Exposure to Air in Whole-Plant Maize Silage
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OBJECTIVE: To describe in-depth sequencing, the bacterial community diversity and its succession during ensiling of whole-plant maize and subsequent exposure to air. METHODS: The microbial community dynamics of fermented whole-plant maize for 60 days (sampled on day 5, 10, 20, 40, 60) and subsequent aerobic exposure (sampled on day 63 after exposure to air for 3 days) were explored using Illumina Miseq sequence platform. RESULTS: A total of 227,220 effective reads were obtained. At the genus level, there were 12 genera with relative abundance >1%, Lactobacillus, Klebsiella, Sporolactobacillus, Norank-c-cyanobacteria, Pantoea, Pediococcus, Rahnella, Sphingomonas, Serratia, Chryseobacterium, Sphingobacterium, and Lactococcus. Lactobacillus consistently dominated the bacterial communities with relative abundance from 49.56% to 64.17% during the ensiling process. Klebsiella was also an important succession bacterium with a decrease tendency from 15.20% to 6.41% during the ensiling process. The genus Sporolactobacillus appeared in late-ensiling stages with 7.70% abundance on day 40 and 5.32% on day 60. After aerobic exposure, the Lactobacillus decreased its abundance from 63.2% on day 60 to 45.03% on d 63, and Klebsiella from 5.51% to 5.64%, while Sporolactobacillus greatly increased its abundance to 28.15%. These bacterial genera belong to 5 phyla: Firmicutes (relative abundance: 56.38% to 78.43%) was dominant, others were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, and Actinobacteria. The bacterial communities clearly clustered into early-ensiling (d 5), medium-ensiling (d 10, d 20), late-ensiling (d 40, d 60), and aerobic exposure (d 63) clusters, with early- and late-ensiling communities more like each other than to the aerobic exposure communities. CONCLUSION: High-throughput sequencing based on 16S rRNA genes proved to be a useful method to explore bacterial communities of silage. The results indicated that the bacterial communities varied during fermentation and more dramatically during aerobic exposure. The study is valuable for understanding the mechanism of population change and the relationship between bacteria and ensilage characteristics.
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In whole-plant maize silage (WPMS), bacterial succession is often dominated by Leuconostoc and Weissella before ensiling, and they are replaced by Lactobacillus during ensiling when favorable conditions occur.
“The bacterial succession in WPMS has been previously studied and is often dominated by Leuconostoc and Weissella before ensiling, and when favorable conditions, occur they are replaced by Lactobacillus during ensiling [55].”
From The Effects of Short-Time Delayed Sealing on Fermentation, Aerobic Stability and Chemical Composition on Maize Silages (2023) · cites this paper as [55]
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- Authors
- Hu, Z., Chang, J., Yu, J., Li, S., & Niu, H.
- Affiliations
- Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Niu, Huaxin
- Venue
- Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
- Published
- 2018-09-01
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1464-1473
- ISSN
- 1011-2367 (ISSN-L)
- 1976-5517
- PMC
- PMC6127572
- OpenAlex
- W2802534385
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 9.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (31160474)
- Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia (2018MS03022, 2018LH03013)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Keywords
- corn silage, bacterial community diversity, silage fermentation, aerobic exposure, Lactobacillus, Klebsiella, Sporolactobacillus, Firmicutes, bacterial community succession, silage spoilage, silage quality, microbial community dynamics, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, metagenomics, silage additives
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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