Echo Chamber: Rush Limbaugh and the Conservative Media Establishment
Abstract
Preface 1. How the Conservative Media Attack the Democratic Opposition 2. How the Conservative Opinion Media Defend Conservatism 3. Conservative Opinion Media: The Players 4. The Conservative Opinion Media as Opponents of Liberalism and Custodians of the Reagan Narrative 5. Effects of an Echo Chamber 6. Speaking to the Republican Base: An Analysis of Conservative Media's Audience 7. Vetting Candidates for Office 8. Stirring Emotion to Mobilize Engagement 9. Framing and Reframing the Mainstream Media 10. Engendering and Reinforcing Distrust of Mainstream Media 11. Defining and Defending an Insular Interpretive Community 12. Balkanization of Knowledge and Interpretation 13. Distortion and Polarization 14. Conclusion: Echo Chamber: Cause for Concern or Celebration? Afterward Notes Index
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Users show a tendency to favor information adhering to their beliefs and join groups formed around a shared narrative, that is, echo chambers.
“Furthermore, users show a tendency to favor information adhering to their beliefs and join groups formed around a shared narrative, that is, echo chambers (1, 14–18).”
From The echo chamber effect on social media (2021) · cites this paper as [14]
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The echo chamber effect on social media
Cinelli, M., De Francisci Morales, G., Galeazzi, A., Quattrociocchi, W., & Starnini, M. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2023301118 · Cited by 2,092 · see citing works
“Furthermore, users show a tendency to favor information adhering to their beliefs and join groups formed around a shared narrative, that is, echo chambers (1, 14–18).”
BackgroundThe Nature and Origins of Misperceptions: Understanding False and Unsupported Beliefs About Politics
Flynn, D. J., Nyhan, B., & Reifler, J. (2017) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/pops.12394 · Cited by 1,183 · see citing works
ECHO CHAMBERS AND EPISTEMIC BUBBLES
Nguyen, C. T. (2020) · Episteme · doi:10.1017/epi.2018.32 · Cited by 1,115 · see citing works
The echo chamber is overstated: the moderating effect of political interest and diverse media
Dubois, E., & Blank, G. (2018) · Information, Communication & Society · doi:10.1080/1369118x.2018.1428656 · Cited by 1,055 · see citing works
(Almost) Everything in Moderation: New Evidence on Americans' Online Media Diets
Guess, A. M. (2021) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/ajps.12589 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
No Need to Watch: How the Effects of Partisan Media Can Spread via Interpersonal Discussions
Druckman, J. N., Levendusky, M. S., & McLain, A. (2018) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/ajps.12325 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
The New Personal Influence: How Our Facebook Friends Influence the News We Read
Anspach, N. M. (2017) · Political Communication · doi:10.1080/10584609.2017.1316329 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Social influence and unfollowing accelerate the emergence of echo chambers
Sasahara, K., Chen, W., Peng, H., Ciampaglia, G. L., Flammini, A., & Menczer, F. (2021) · Journal of Computational Social Science · doi:10.1007/s42001-020-00084-7 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Echo chambers of denial: Explaining user comments on climate change
Walter, S., Brüggemann, M., & Engesser, S. (2018) · Environmental Communication · doi:10.1080/17524032.2017.1394893 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Ardèvol-Abreu, A., & Gil de Zúñiga, H. (2017) · Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1077699016654684 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Social media’s contribution to political misperceptions in U.S. Presidential elections
Garrett, R. K. (2019) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0213500 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Contemporary Social Movements in a Hybrid Media Environment
Caren, N., Andrews, K. T., & Lu, T. (2020) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-121919-054627 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Lu, Y., & Lee, J. K. (2019) · Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1077699018811295 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Hartmann, D., Wang, S. M., Pohlmann, L., & Berendt, B. (2025) · Journal of Computational Social Science · doi:10.1007/s42001-025-00381-z · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Hilbert, M., Ahmed, S., Cho, J., Liu, B., & Luu, J. (2018) · Communication Methods and Measures · doi:10.1080/19312458.2018.1479843 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
How strong is the association between social media use and false consensus?
Bunker, C. J., & Varnum, M. E. W. (2021) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2021.106947 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Kim, D. H., & Kwak, N. (2017) · Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media · doi:10.1080/08838151.2017.1375498 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Castillo-de-Mesa, J., Méndez-Domínguez, P., Carbonero-Muñoz, D., & Gómez-Jacinto, L. (2021) · Redes. Revista hispana para el análisis de redes sociales · doi:10.5565/rev/redes.913 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Suk, J., McLeod, D. M., & Shah, D. V. (2023) · Political Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11109-022-09801-6 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Wojcieszak et al No Polarization from Partisan News IJPP Forthcoming
Wojcieszak, M., de Leeuw, S. E., Menchen-Trevino, E., Lee, S., Huang-Isherwood, K. M., & Weeks, B. (2021) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/hqmuy · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Venue
- Choice Reviews Online
- Publisher
- American Library Association
- Published
- 2009-09-01
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 01
- Pages
- 47-0104-47-0104
- ISSN
- 0009-4978
- 1523-8253
- Cited by
- 1
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
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