Effects of Exercise on the Body Composition and Lipid Profile of Individuals with Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Numerous researchers have worked to develop treatments for obesity; however, the prevalence of obesity continues to increase in many countries. Moreover, the effects of physical activity and exercise on obesity remain unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the relationship between exercise and obesity using mediator variables such as the mode of exercise. METHODS: Our review focuses on research tracking the effects of exercise on obesity conducted from 2007 to 2016 and available in any of three databases: Embase, PubMed, and EBSCO Academic Search Premier. The keywords used in the search were "exercise and obesity" and "exercise and obese." RESULTS: The average size of the effects that exercise interventions have on body mass index (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.533), waist circumference (SMD, 0.666), total cholesterol (SMD, 0.721), and triglyceride (TG; SMD, 0.603) were medium or larger. Exercise had greater effects on the outward appearance of obesity (body mass index, waist circumference) than on its practical factors (weight, % body fat). The effect of exercise on TG (SMD, 0.603) was larger than that on low-density lipoprotein (SMD, 0.406) and high-density lipoprotein (SMD, -0.222). Exercise duration (weeks of exercise) and intensity correlate better than exercise time (minutes per week) with a large and consistent improvement in adult obesity. CONCLUSION: We suggest that individuals with obesity should exercise consistently to achieve significant improvements in their health.
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A recent meta-analysis reported exercise to have a significantly greater effect on mean change in percentage body fat (−0.39% [CI = −0.5, −0.3]) than on body weight (−0.3 kg [CI = −0.5, −0.2]).
“A recent meta‐analysis reported exercise to have a significantly greater effect on mean change in %BF (−0.39% [CI = −0.5, −0.3]) than on BW (−0.3 kg [CI = −0.5, −0.2]).”
From What exercise prescription is optimal to improve body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in adults living with obesity? A network meta‐analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [82]
COM-HI resulted in a much greater reduction in percentage body fat (−2.15 [CI = −4.0%, −0.3%]) than previously reported by Kim et al. and was shown to be significantly more effective than either isolated aerobic or resistance training.
“This intervention resulted in a much greater reduction in %BF (−2.15 [CI = −4.0%, −0.3%]) than previously reported by Kim et al. 82 and was shown to be significantly more effective than either isolated aerobic or resistance training.”
From What exercise prescription is optimal to improve body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in adults living with obesity? A network meta‐analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [82]
The effect size reported for both outcomes was small, and as exercise was reported as a single modality irrespective of the mode, frequency or intensity, it is difficult to decipher which specific exercise prescription/s resulted in these changes.
“However, the effect size reported for both outcomes was small, and as exercise was reported as a single modality irrespective of the mode, frequency or intensity, it is difficult to decipher which specific exercise prescription/s resulted in these changes.”
From What exercise prescription is optimal to improve body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in adults living with obesity? A network meta‐analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [82]
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- Authors
- Kim, K.-B., Kim, K., Kim, C., Kang, S.-J., Kim, H. J., Yoon, S., & Shin, Y.-A.
- Affiliations
- Korea Military Academy (KR)
- Dongduk Women's University (KR)
- Sangmyung University (KR)
- Korea National Sport University (KR)
- Chowan University (US)
- Dankook University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Shin, Yun-A
- Venue
- Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome
- Published
- 2019-12-30
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 278-294
- ISSN
- 2508-6235 (ISSN-L)
- 2508-7576
- PMC
- PMC6939705
- OpenAlex
- W2998514301
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 1.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- obesity, physical activity, body composition, body mass index, waist circumference, lipid profile, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, exercise duration, exercise intensity
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Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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