Cited by 58Sperm and Testicular FunctionAir Quality and Health ImpactsEffects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals

Concentrated ambient PM2.5exposure affects mice sperm quality and testosterone biosynthesis

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Yang, Yingying, Yang, Tingting, Liu, Shengxin, Cao, Zhijuan, Zhao, Yan, Su, Xiujuan, Liao, Zehuan, Teng, Xiaoming +1 more·2019·PeerJ

Abstract

Background: Studies suggested that PM 2.5 exposure could lead to adverse reproductive effects on male animals. However, the underlying mechanism is still not clear. Besides, animals in the majority of previous studies were exposed to PM 2.5 through intratracheal instillation which should be improved. In addition, limited amount of research has been conducted in China where the PM 2.5 concentration is higher and the PM 2.5 components are different. The aim of this work is to explore the effects of concentrated ambient PM 2.5(CAP) on mice sperm quality and testosterone biosynthesis. Methods: A total of 12 male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to filtered air (FA) or CAP for 125 days using the Shanghai Meteorological and Environmental Animal Exposure System. The mice sperm concentration, sperm motility, DNA fragmentation index, high DNA stainability and plasma testosterone were analyzed. Testicular histology and sperm morphology were observed through optical microscope. Testosterone biosynthesis related gene expressions were analyzed using real-time PCR, including cytochrome P450 CHOL side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β HSD), 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450arom), estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR) and follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR). Results: Exposure to CAP resulted in disturbance of various stages of spermatogenesis and significant higher percentage of abnormal sperm (FA vs. CAP: 24.37% vs. 44.83%) in mice testis. CAP exposure significantly decreased sperm concentration (43.00 × 10 6 vs. 25.33 × 10 6) and motility (PR: 63.58% vs. 55.15%; PR + NP: 84.00% vs. 77.08%) in epididymis. Plasma testosterone concentration were significantly declined (0.28 ng/ml vs. 0.69 ng/ml) under CAP exposure. Notably, the levels of testosterone biosynthesis related genes, StAR, P450scc, P450arom, ER and FSHR were significantly decreased with CAP exposure. Conclusion: Concentrated ambient PM 2.5 exposure altered mice sperm concentration, motility and morphology, which might be mediated primarily by the decline in testosterone concentration and testosterone biosynthesis process.

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Authors
Yang, Y., Yang, T., Liu, S., Cao, Z., Zhao, Y., Su, X., Liao, Z., Teng, X., & Hua, J.
Affiliations
  • Tongji University (CN)
  • Fudan University (CN)
  • Karolinska Institutet (SE)
  • Nanyang Technological University (SG)
Corresponding author
Hua, Jing
Venue
PeerJ
Publisher
PeerJ
Published
2019-11-28
Volume
7
Pages
e8109
ISSN
2167-8359 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2990454260
Cited by
58
References
53
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 1
FWCI
8.13
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • PeerJ (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (81673179, 81402687, 81602860, 81703233)
  • Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (18140903100, 19140903100)
  • Shanghai Sailing Program (18Y1419600)
  • Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning (20174Y0010, 20184Y0078)
  • Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (22120180038)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
Keywords
PM2.5, ambient air pollution, male reproductive toxicity, semen quality, sperm motility, sperm DNA fragmentation, testosterone production, spermatogenesis, steroidogenic genes, aromatase, androgen receptor, FSH receptor, estrogen receptor, testicular histology, mice, epididymis

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