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Cited by 118Sleep and related disordersAttention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderObstructive Sleep Apnea Research

Actigraphic and Parental Reports of Sleep Difficulties in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Hvolby, Allan, Jørgensen, Jan, Bilenberg, Niels·2008·Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
DOI 10.1001/archpedi.162.4.323
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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To describe actigraphically detected and parent-reported sleep problems in nonmedicated children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); to clarify whether or not comorbid oppositional defiant disorder contributes to sleep difficulties; and to compare objectively measured sleep with the parents' observations of sleep. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: A child and adolescent psychiatric department of a teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred six children aged 5 to 11 years, including 45 with a diagnosis of ADHD, 64 with a diagnosis of other psychiatric diagnoses (psychiatric control group), and 97 healthy control subjects (reference group). Intervention Sleep was monitored by parent-completed sleep diaries and 5 nights of actigraphy. We used a semistructured interview to diagnose psychiatric disorders according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) criteria. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Actigraphically measured sleep variables and parent-estimated sleep by diary. RESULTS: We found that children with ADHD have significantly longer sleep onset latency and a more irregular sleep pattern than the psychiatric control or healthy reference subjects. Average sleep onset latencies were 26.3 minutes in the ADHD group, 18.6 minutes in the psychiatric control group, and 13.5 minutes in the healthy reference group. There was no apparent relationship between sleep problems and comorbid oppositional defiant disorder. We found discrepancies between the objectively measured sleep variables and those reported by parents, who overestimated sleep onset latency. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study allow us to conclude that some children with ADHD have impaired sleep that cannot be referred to comorbid oppositional defiant disorder. However, it is important to make an in-depth review of the sleep complaints, as the problem may be a product of the parents' perception rather than the child's actual experience.

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  • Sleep disturbances in ADHD can occur independently of psychiatric comorbidities, as demonstrated in studies employing psychiatric control groups.

    “Sleep disturbances in ADHD can, however, occur independently of psychiatric comorbidities, as demonstrated in studies employing psychiatric control groups (Hvolby et al. 2008).”

    From Associations of sleep disturbance with ADHD: implications for treatment (2015) · cites this paper as Hvolby et al. 2008

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Authors
Hvolby, A., Jørgensen, J., & Bilenberg, N.
Affiliations
University of Southern Denmark (DK)
ORCID
Venue
Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
2008-04-01
Volume
162
Issue
4
Pages
323
ISSN
1072-4710 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1001/archpedi.162.4.323
OpenAlex
W2143418201
Cited by
118
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 3
FWCI
12.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
Keywords
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, sleep disorders, sleep latency, actigraphy, parent-reported sleep, sleep diary, oppositional defiant disorder, comorbidities, children
MeSH terms
Analysis of Variance, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Sleep Wake Disorders, Time Factors, Case-Control Studies, Parechovirus

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