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Cited by 707Sleep and Wakefulness ResearchSleep and related disordersCircadian rhythm and melatonin

The regulation of sleep and arousal: development and psychopathology

Dahl, Ronald E.·1996·Development and Psychopathology
DOI 10.1017/s0954579400006945
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Abstract

Abstract Throughout early development, a child spends more time asleep than in any waking activity. Yet, the specific role of sleep in brain maturation is a complete mystery. In this article, the developmental psychobiology of sleep regulation is conceptualized within the context of close links to the control of arousal, affect, and attention. The interactions among these systems are considered from an ontogenetic and evolutionary biological perspective. A model is proposed for the development of sleep and arousal regulation with the following major tenets: 1. Sleep and vigilance represent opponent processes in a larger system of arousal regulation. 2. The regulation of sleep, arousal, affect, and attention overlap in physiological, neuroanatomical, clinical, and developmental domains. 3. Complex interactions among these regulatory systems are modulated and integrated in regions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). 4. Changes at the level of PFC underlie maturational shifts in the relative balance across these regulatory systems (such as decreases in the depth/length of sleep and increased capacity for vigilance and attention), which occur with normal development. 5. The effects of sleep deprivation (including alterations in attention, emotions, and goal-directed behaviors) also involve changes at the level of PFC integration across regulatory systems. This model is then discussed in the context of developmental pathology in the control of affect and attention, with an emphasis on sleep changes in depression.

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Crossref · 10.1017/s0954579400006945

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151 of 151 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • The beneficial effect of sleep deprivation on mood is linked with emotional lability and inappropriate emotional reactivity in healthy adults under sleep deprivation.

    “On the other hand, sleep loss is also related to a compromised consolidation of negative emotional memories (Sterpenich et al., 2007), and this beneficial effect on the mood is linked with emotional lability and inappropriate emotional reactivity in healthy adults under sleep deprivation (Horne, 1988; Dahl, 1996; Gujar et al., 2011).”

    From The Functional Role of Dreaming in Emotional Processes (2019) · cites this paper as Dahl, 1996

  • Poor sleep quality is related to cognitive and emotional deficits, including a bias towards high risk behaviors, diminished attentional and behavioral control, and poor emotion regulation.

    “Poor sleep quality is related to a host of cognitive and emotional deficits, including a bias towards high risk behaviors, diminished attentional and behavioral control, and poor emotion regulation (Dahl, 1996; Harrison and Horne, 2000), making poor sleep a significant public health and developmental concern that may impact high risk behaviors during adolescence.”

    From The effects of poor quality sleep on brain function and risk taking in adolescence (2013) · cites this paper as Dahl, 1996

  • Sleep-deprived adolescents and adolescents who report high levels of sleepiness show detriments in higher-level executive functioning, decreased cognitive modulation of drives, impulses, and emotions, and less effortful control of attention.

    “For example, sleep-deprived adolescents and adolescents who report high levels of sleepiness show detriments in higher-level executive functioning, decreased cognitive modulation of drives, impulses, and emotions, and less effortful control of attention (Anderson et al., 2008; Beebe et al., 2008; Dahl, 1996).”

    From The effects of poor quality sleep on brain function and risk taking in adolescence (2013) · cites this paper as Dahl, 1996

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Authors
Dahl, R. E.
Affiliations
University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author
Dahl, Ronald E.
ORCID
Dahl, Ronald E.
Venue
Development and Psychopathology
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published
1996
Volume
8
Issue
1
Pages
3-27
ISSN
  • 0954-5794 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-2198
DOI
10.1017/s0954579400006945
OpenAlex
W2017128901
Cited by
707
References
151
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 34
FWCI
2.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 4811 d)
Locations
Development and Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Keywords
sleep regulation, arousal regulation, sustained attention, prefrontal cortex, brain maturation, developmental psychobiology, attention, affect, sleep deprivation, depression, opponent processes, developmental pathology

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