Hyperactive Boys and Their Brothers: A 25-Year Follow-Up Study
Abstract
Twenty men, who had conformed to diagnostic criteria for the hyperactive child syndrome 20 to 25 years ago, and their brothers were interviewed. A large majority of men who were hyperactive had completed high school, and each was steadily employed and self-supporting. Half of the men who were hyperactive continued to show a number of symptoms of hyperactivity. Nearly half had problems of a psychiatric nature and despite normal intelligence quota scores and levels of education, these men had not achieved a socioeconomic status equal to that of their brothers or their fathers. Our findings suggest that emotional problems in everyday living may result from the persistance of symptoms of hyperactivity and that most social and psychiatric consequences of the disorder relate to its presence in childhood as well as to its persistance in adulthood.
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Adult ADHD is associated with diagnoses of comorbid mood, anxiety and substance-use disorder.
“Likewise, adult ADHD is also associated with diagnoses of comorbid mood, anxiety and substance-use disorder [11-17].”
From Advances in understanding and treating ADHD (2011) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Borland, B. L.
- Corresponding author
- Borland, Barry L.
- Venue
- Archives of General Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1976-06-01
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 669
- ISSN
- 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2093588962
- Cited by
- 208
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 7.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- mental illness, socioeconomic status
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Educational Status, Employment, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hyperkinesis, Intelligence, Male, Psychopathology, Socioeconomic Factors
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