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A Self-Report Scale to Help Make Psychiatric Diagnoses: The Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire

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Zimmerman, Mark, Mattia, Jill I.·2001·Archives of General Psychiatry

DOI 10.1001/archpsyc.58.8.787

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire (PDSQ) is a brief, psychometrically strong, self-report scale designed to screen for the most common DSM-IV Axis I disorders encountered in outpatient mental health settings. In the present report, we describe the diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values) of the PDSQ in an outpatient setting. METHODS: Six hundred thirty psychiatric outpatients presenting for treatment were evaluated with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV after completing the PDSQ. Patients arrived approximately 20 minutes before the scheduled time of the appointment to complete the scale. Diagnostic raters were blind to responses on the scale. RESULTS: The PDSQ's subscales' diagnostic performance varied in a predictable manner according to the cutoff score-as the threshold for case identification increased, subscale sensitivity decreased and specificity increased. Mean subscale sensitivities of 80%, 85%, and 90% resulted in mean subscale specificities of 78%, 73%, and 66%, respectively, and negative predictive values of 95%, 96%, and 97%. Receiver operating curves were determined for each subscale and all areas under the curve were significant. CONCLUSIONS: The PDSQ is a diagnostic aid designed to be used in clinical practice to facilitate the efficiency of conducting initial diagnostic evaluations. From a clinical perspective, it is most important that a diagnostic aid have good sensitivity, so that most cases are detected, and high negative predictive value, so that most noncases on the measure are indeed noncases. Our results indicate that most of the PDSQ subscales were able to achieve this goal.

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Authors: Zimmerman, M., & Mattia, J. I.
Affiliations: Brown University (US)
ORCID: Zimmerman, Mark
Venue: Archives of General Psychiatry
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 2001-08-01
Volume: 58
Issue: 8
Pages: 787
ISSN: 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.58.8.787
OpenAlex: W2082866684
Cited by: 375
References: 104
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 12.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (MH-56404)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords: psychiatric diagnosis, sensitivity and specificity, negative predictive value, cut-off values, receiver operating characteristic, outpatient mental health
MeSH terms: Adult, Ambulatory Care, Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Personality Inventory, Predictive Value of Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, ROC Curve, Sensitivity and Specificity

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A Self-Report Scale to Help Make Psychiatric Diagnoses: The Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire

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