Cited by 819Bariatric Surgery and OutcomesBody Contouring and SurgeryMinimally Invasive Surgical Techniques

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Long-term Follow-up After Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review

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Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Bariatric surgery is an accepted treatment for obesity. Despite extensive literature, few studies report long-term follow-up in cohorts with adequate retention rates. OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of evidence and treatment effectiveness 2 years after bariatric procedures for weight loss, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia in severely obese adults. EVIDENCE REVIEW: MEDLINE and Cochrane databases were searched from 1946 through May 15, 2014. Search terms included bariatric surgery, individual bariatric procedures, and obesity. Studies were included if they described outcomes for gastric bypass, gastric band, or sleeve gastrectomy performed on patients with a body mass index of 35 or greater, had more than 2 years of outcome information, and had follow-up measures for at least 80% of the initial cohort. Two investigators reviewed each study and a third resolved study inclusion disagreements. FINDINGS: Of 7371 clinical studies reviewed, 29 studies (0.4%, 7971 patients) met inclusion criteria. All gastric bypass studies (6 prospective cohorts, 5 retrospective cohorts) and sleeve gastrectomy studies (2 retrospective cohorts) had 95% confidence intervals for the reported mean, median, or both exceeding 50% excess weight loss. This amount of excess weight loss occurred in 31% of gastric band studies (9 prospective cohorts, 5 retrospective cohorts). The mean sample-size-weighted percentage of excess weight loss for gastric bypass was 65.7% (n = 3544) vs 45.0% (n = 4109) for gastric band. Nine studies measured comorbidity improvement. For type 2 diabetes (glycated hemoglobin <6.5% without medication), sample-size-weighted remission rates were 66.7% for gastric bypass (n = 428) and 28.6% for gastric band (n = 96). For hypertension (blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg without medication), remission rates were 38.2% for gastric bypass ( n = 808) and 17.4% for gastric band (n = 247). For hyperlipidemia (cholesterol <200 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein >40 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein <160 mg/dL, and triglycerides <200 mg/dL), remission rates were 60.4% for gastric bypass (n = 477) and 22.7% for gastric band (n = 97). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Very few bariatric surgery studies report long-term results with sufficient patient follow-up to minimize biased results. Gastric bypass has better outcomes than gastric band procedures for long-term weight loss, type 2 diabetes control and remission, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Insufficient evidence exists regarding long-term outcomes for gastric sleeve resections.

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Crossref · 10.1001/jama.2014.10706

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Metadata

Authors
Puzziferri, N., Roshek, T. B., Mayo, H. G., Gallagher, R., Belle, S. H., & Livingston, E. H.
Affiliations
  • The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
  • University of Pittsburgh (US)
  • The University of Texas at Arlington (US)
Venue
JAMA
Published
2014-09-03
Volume
312
Issue
9
Pages
934
ISSN
  • 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
  • 0098-7484
OpenAlex
W2068618758
Cited by
819
References
51
Citations by year
2026: 24 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 65 · 2022: 69 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 79 · 2019: 65 · 2018: 95 · 2017: 91 · 2016: 86 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 8
FWCI
82.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • JAMA (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001105, KL2TR001103)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Body Contouring and Surgery
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Minimally Invasive Surgical Techniques
Keywords
bariatric surgery, obesity, long-term follow-up, excess weight loss, gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, gastric band, type 2 diabetes remission, hypertension remission, comorbidity improvement, quality of evidence, treatment effectiveness, HbA1c, body mass index, quality of life
MeSH terms
Diabetes Mellitus, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Hypertension, Obesity, Time Factors, Weight Loss, Treatment Outcome, Endpoint Determination, Bariatric Surgery

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