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Cited by 614Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting MaterialsNanomaterials and Printing TechnologiesNon-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring

Wearable Microfluidic Diaphragm Pressure Sensor for Health and Tactile Touch Monitoring

Open access
Gao, Yuji, Ota, Hiroki, Schaler, Ethan W., Chen, Kevin, Zhao, Allan, Gao, Wei, Fahad, Hossain M., Leng, Yonggang +7 more·2017·Advanced Materials
DOI 10.1002/adma.201701985
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Abstract

Flexible pressure sensors have many potential applications in wearable electronics, robotics, health monitoring, and more. In particular, liquid‐metal‐based sensors are especially promising as they can undergo strains of over 200% without failure. However, current liquid‐metal‐based strain sensors are incapable of resolving small pressure changes in the few kPa range, making them unsuitable for applications such as heart‐rate monitoring, which require a much lower pressure detection resolution. In this paper, a microfluidic tactile diaphragm pressure sensor based on embedded Galinstan microchannels (70 µm width × 70 µm height) capable of resolving sub‐50 Pa changes in pressure with sub‐100 Pa detection limits and a response time of 90 ms is demonstrated. An embedded equivalent Wheatstone bridge circuit makes the most of tangential and radial strain fields, leading to high sensitivities of a 0.0835 kPa−1 change in output voltage. The Wheatstone bridge also provides temperature self‐compensation, allowing for operation in the range of 20–50 °C. As examples of potential applications, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) wristband with an embedded microfluidic diaphragm pressure sensor capable of real‐time pulse monitoring and a PDMS glove with multiple embedded sensors to provide comprehensive tactile feedback of a human hand when touching or holding objects are demonstrated.

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  • Bulky piezoresistive e-skins rely primarily on pressure-induced changes in the number of conductive pathways or in the shape of the sensing material.

    “Bulky piezoresistive e-skins, like sponge-based sensors, rely primarily on pressure-induced changes in the number of conductive pathways[112] or in the shape of the sensing material.[113]”

    From Flexible Electronics and Devices as Human–Machine Interfaces for Medical Robotics (2022) · cites this paper as [113]

    The Introduction explains that pressure deforms the sensor’s microchannels, changing their cross-sectional area and electrical resistance. This supports the shape-change mechanism associated with citation [113], but the paper describes a flexible microfluidic sensor, not bulky piezoresistive e-skins generally. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Research works printed but not linked: 32

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Authors
Gao, Y., Ota, H., Schaler, E. W., Chen, K., Zhao, A., Gao, W., Fahad, H. M., Leng, Y., Zheng, A., Xiong, F., Zhang, C., Tai, L., Zhao, P., Fearing, R. S., & Javey, A.
Affiliations
  • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
  • University of California, Berkeley (US)
  • Tianjin University (CN)
  • Bournemouth University (GB)
Corresponding author
Javey, Ali
ORCID
Venue
Advanced Materials
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2017-08-18
Volume
29
Issue
39
ISSN
  • 0935-9648 (ISSN-L)
  • 1521-4095
DOI
10.1002/adma.201701985
OpenAlex
W2747780986
Semantic Scholar
674bf3a894ed6a7bf4e853389f3ab30a5d4e35d8
Cited by
614
References
31
Citations by year
2026: 46 · 2025: 64 · 2024: 73 · 2023: 101 · 2022: 79 · 2021: 83 · 2020: 71 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 1
FWCI
20.67
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • Advanced Materials (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
  • OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
  • CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
Funders
China Scholarship Council (201406250097)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Nanomaterials and Printing Technologies
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
Keywords
wearable electronics, Galinstan, tactile sensing, health monitoring, pulse monitoring, heart rate monitoring, Wheatstone bridge, temperature self-compensation, flexible electronics
MeSH terms
Wearable Electronic Devices, Diaphragm, Humans, Pressure, Touch, Microfluidics

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