The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Expression of the dopamine transporter gene is regulated by the 3′ UTR VNTR: Evidence from brain and lymphocytes using quantitative RT-PCR
Abstract
Genetic association studies provide considerable evidence that the 10-repeat allele of a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) is associated with a range of psychiatric phenotypes, most notably, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The mechanism for this association is not yet understood, although several lines of evidence implicate variation in gene expression. In this study, we measured DAT1 messenger RNA levels in cerebellum, temporal lobe, and lymphocytes using quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Relative to a set of four control housekeeping genes (beta-actin, GAPD, ribosomal 18S, and beta2-microglobulin) we observed that increased levels of DAT1 expression were associated with the number of 10-repeat alleles. These data provide direct evidence that the VNTR, or another polymorphism in linkage disequilibrium with the VNTR, is involved in regulating expression of this gene.
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“The DAT binding site density for the most common repeat alleles (9-repeat and 10-repeat) is significantly less for the 9-repeat allele than the 10-repeat allele, linking the 9-repeat allele with reduced DAT expression and greater striatal synaptic DA (Fuke, Suo et al. 2001; Mill, Asherson et al. 2002; VanNess, Owens et al. 2005), although some studies have suggested the opposite (Mill, Asherson et”
From Developmental imaging genetics: Linking dopamine function to adolescent behavior (2014) · cites this paper as Mill, Asherson et al. 2002
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The VNTR polymorphism of the human dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene affects gene expression
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Schizophrenia genes, gene expression, and neuropathology: on the matter of their convergence
Harrison, P. J., & Weinberger, D. R. (2005) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001558 · Cited by 2,020
Candidate gene studies of ADHD: a meta-analytic review
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European clinical guidelines for hyperkinetic disorder ? first upgrade
Taylor, E., D�pfner, M., Sergeant, J., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Buitelaar, J., Coghill, D., Danckaerts, M., Rothenberger, A., Sonuga-Barke, E., et al. (2004) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-004-1002-x · Cited by 682
Self-citationPlichta, M. M., & Scheres, A. (2014) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.07.012 · Cited by 424
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mill, J., Asherson, P., Browes, C., D'Souza, U., & Craig, I.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Mill, Jonathan
- Venue
- American Journal of Medical Genetics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-10-07
- Volume
- 114
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 975-979
- ISSN
- 0148-7299 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-8628
- OpenAlex
- W1997639097
- Cited by
- 341
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 5.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Medical Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- dopamine transporter gene, DAT1, 3' untranslated region, variable number tandem repeats, VNTR polymorphism, gene expression regulation, mRNA levels, cerebellum, temporal lobe, lymphocytes, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, genetic association, housekeeping genes
- MeSH terms
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Lymphocytes, Membrane Glycoproteins, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Minisatellite Repeats, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, 3' Untranslated Regions, Membrane Transport Proteins, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
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