Cited by 482Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorGenetic Associations and Epidemiology

Confirmation of association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and a dopamine transporter polymorphism.

Gill, M, Daly, G, Heron, S, Hawi, Z, Fitzgerald, M·1997·Molecular Psychiatry

Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common condition of childhood the symptoms of which include inattention, excessive motor activity, inpulsivity and distractibility. It is strongly familial and twin and adoption studies suggest that the familiality is due, at least in part, to shared genes. Gillis et al found concordance rates in ADHD for MZ and DZ twins of 81% and 29% respectively. Stimulant drugs (eg, methylphenidate) are effective in the treatment of ADHD and inhibit the dopamine transporter. This has led to the development of a hypodopaminergic hypothesis for the disease. Cook et al examined a 3' variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism at the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) in a sample of 49 ADHD patients and their parents, using the haplotype relative risk (HRR) method. They found a significant association (chi 2 = 7.29, 1 d.f., P = 0.007) between ADHD and the 480-bp DAT1 VNTR allele. The authors stressed the importance of independent replication and we have achieved this in a study of 40 probands and their parents, using the same robust HRR method. As in the study of Cook et al we found that the 480-bp allele was preferentially transmitted to ADHD probands (chi 2 = 6.07, 1 d.f., P = 0.014).

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Crossref · 10.1038/sj.mp.4000290

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  • Dopaminergic hypofunction is thought to play an important role in the etiology of ADHD.

    “The neurobiological underpinnings of ADHD are not well established; however, dopaminergic hypofunction is thought to play an important role in the etiology of this disorder (Hynd et al., 1993; Gill et al., 1997; Waldman et al., 1998; Russell, 2003; Bush et al., 2005; Sagvolden et al., 2005b).”

    From The Effects of Methylphenidate on Goal-directed Behavior in a Rat Model of ADHD (2015) · cites this paper as Gill et al., 1997

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Authors
Gill, M., Daly, G., Heron, S., Hawi, Z., & Fitzgerald, M.
Affiliations
St. James's Hospital (IE)
Venue
Molecular Psychiatry
Published
1997-07-01
Volume
2
Issue
4
Pages
311-313
ISSN
  • 1359-4184 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5578
OpenAlex
W1964767493
Cited by
482
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 11
FWCI
25.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Molecular Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Keywords
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, dopamine transporter, DAT1 gene, VNTR polymorphism, genetic association, haplotype relative risk, transmission to offspring, replication study
MeSH terms
Alleles, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Carrier Proteins, Child, Female, Genotype, Haplotypes, Humans, Ireland, Male, Membrane Glycoproteins, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Polymorphism, Genetic, Membrane Transport Proteins, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins

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