Uh and um in children with autism spectrum disorders or language impairment
Open accessAbstract
Atypical pragmatic language is often present in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), along with delays or deficits in structural language. This study investigated the use of the “fillers”uh and um by children ages 4–8 during the autism diagnostic observation schedule. Fillers reflect speakers' difficulties with planning and delivering speech, but they also serve communicative purposes, such as negotiating control of the floor or conveying uncertainty. We hypothesized that children with ASD would use different patterns of fillers compared to peers with typical development or with specific language impairment (SLI), reflecting differences in social ability and communicative intent. Regression analyses revealed that children in the ASD group were much less likely to use um than children in the other two groups. Filler use is an easy‐to‐quantify feature of behavior that, in concert with other observations, may help to distinguish ASD from SLI.Autism Res2016, 9: 854–865. © 2016 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Individual variation in UM use is a marker of pragmatic ability rather than a consequence of general language skill in children with ASD compared to children with specific language impairment.
“In a third study, language samples from children with ASD were compared to samples from children with specific language impairment, and individual variation in UM use was found to be a marker of pragmatic ability rather than a consequence of general language skill [24].”
From Linguistic camouflage in girls with autism spectrum disorder (2017) · cites this paper as [24]
Language samples drawn from the interview section of the ADOS module 3 provide a naturalistic back-and-forth conversation about social topics and contain meaningful rates of speech disfluencies in children with ASD.
“These samples provide a naturalistic back-and-forth conversation about social topics, and have been shown to contain meaningful rates of speech disfluencies in children with ASD [24, 26, 42].”
From Linguistic camouflage in girls with autism spectrum disorder (2017) · cites this paper as [24]
We analyzed UM/UH data from the largest group of individuals with ASD reported to date (65 in this study vs. 50 in [24] and 24 in [28]).
“We analyzed UM/UH data from the largest group of individuals with ASD reported to date (65 in this study vs. 50 in [24] and 24 in [28]).”
From Linguistic camouflage in girls with autism spectrum disorder (2017) · cites this paper as [24]
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Linguistic camouflage in girls with autism spectrum disorder
Parish-Morris, J., Liberman, M. Y., Cieri, C., Herrington, J. D., Yerys, B. E., Bateman, L., Donaher, J., Ferguson, E., Pandey, J., & Schultz, R. T. (2017) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-017-0164-6 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Quantitative analysis of disfluency in children with autism spectrum disorder or language impairment
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Gorman, K., Olson, L., Hill, A. P., Lunsford, R., Heeman, P. A., & van Santen, J. P. H.
- Affiliations
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- Center for Spoken Language Understanding, Institute on Development and Disability, Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
- Venue
- Autism Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-01-22
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 854-865
- ISSN
- 1939-3792 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-3806
- PMC
- PMC4958035
- OpenAlex
- W2310012311
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 94
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 7
- FWCI
- 2.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Autism Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Autism Speaks
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (R01DC012033, R01DC007129)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, specific language impairment, pragmatic language, children, floor control, communicative intention, speech preparation
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Child, Child, Preschool, Communication, Female, Humans, Language, Language Development Disorders, Male
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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