The development of the hippocampus and dentate gyrus in normal and reeler mice
Abstract
The histogenesis, the time of origin and the pattern of migration of the cells in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus, have been studies in normal and reeler mice. The earliest indication of a defect in the reeler hippocampus is seen on the fifteenth embryonic day (E15) which is at least 24 hours after the first indication of a defect in the neocortex. It is not until E18, that the dentate gyrus shows signs of its incipient abnormality. It appears then, in both the hippocampus and the dentate gyrus the gene defect first manifests itself at the stage at which the definitive cellular are assembled. Experiments involving the injection of 3(H‐TdR) at different developmental stages have confirmed that the site and rate of cellular proliferation in the reeler hippocampus and dentate gyrus are normal, as is the initial pattern of cell migration. However, in the reeler dentate gyrus, most postnatal cell proliferation occurs ectopically and in the hippocampus the normal “inside‐out” sequence of neurogenesis is reversed, the earliest pyramidal cells generated coming to lie superficially within the stratum pyramidale and the later formed cells being added at progressively deeper levels. There is no discernible gradient in the time of origin of the granule cells in the radial dimension of the reeler dentate gyrus, whereas there is an obvious “outside‐in” gradient in the normal animal. The characteristic gradients in cell proliferation seen in the transverse and longitudinal dimensions of the normal dentate gyrus are, however, also evident in the reeler mouse. Taken together, these observations suggest that the reeler gene exerts its effect on neuronal position only in the radial dimension, and does so at a stage of development subsequent to the proliferation and initial migration of the relevant neurons. Timm's sulfide silver preparations indicate that the characteristic staining patterns seen in the dentate gyrus and hippocampus appear at the same time, and mature at the same rate in normal and reeler mice.
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Cre/loxP recombination that deletes the NMDAR1 gene occurs during the third postnatal week, about 2 weeks after the CA1 region of the hippocampus has completed its cellular organization and connections.
“an accompanying article (Tsien et al., 1996) in which we use the expression of b -galactosidase as a reporter for the recombination shows that it occurs during the third postnatal week, about 2 weeks after the CA1 region of the hippocampus has completed its cellular organization and connections”
From The essential role of hippocampal CA1 NMDA receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity in spatial memory. (1996) · cites this paper as Stanfield and Cowan 1979
Dentate granule neurons are born in an outside-out manner during development and adulthood.
“Both during development and in adulthood, dentate granule neurons are born in an outside-out manner [8, 30]”
From Tamoxifen induces cellular stress in the nervous system by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis (2015) · cites this paper as [30]
The reeler mouse mutant has neurons generated normally but abnormally placed, resulting in disorganization of cortical laminar layers in the CNS.
“The reeler is an autosomal recessive mouse mutant, in which neurons are generated normally but are abnormally placed, resulting in disorganization of cortical laminar layers in the CNS (7–12).”
From Reelin molecules assemble together to form a large protein complex, which is inhibited by the function-blocking CR-50 antibody (2000) · cites this paper as [9]
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- Authors
- Stanfield, B. B., & Cowan, W. M.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Comparative Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1979-06
- Volume
- 185
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 423-459
- ISSN
- 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-9861
- OpenAlex
- W2016827719
- Cited by
- 241
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The Mouseion at the JAXlibrary (Jackson Laboratory) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Keywords
- hippocampus development, dentate gyrus, reeler mice, neuronal migration, cell proliferation, granule cells, pyramidal neurons, radial gradient, embryonic development
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autoradiography, Cell Movement, Hippocampus, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Neurologic Mutants, Mitosis, Morphogenesis, Species Specificity, Staining and Labeling, Mice
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