The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Descriptive normative beliefs and conservation behavior: The moderating roles of personal involvement and injunctive normative beliefs
Open accessAbstract
There is ample evidence of the power of social influence on pro‐environmental behaviors. Beliefs about the conservation behavior of others (descriptive normative beliefs) have a strong positive correlation with one's own conservation actions. However, this relationship has not been investigated much further in terms of possible moderators or involved mechanisms of information processing. The present study examines two potential moderators and draws links to underlying processing mechanisms. We hypothesized that personal involvement with conservation issues and beliefs about other's approval of conservation (injunctive normative beliefs) would moderate the relationship between descriptive normative beliefs and conservation behavior. The sample consisted of 1604 California residents that were recruited through random digit telephone dialing. Results showed that both injunctive normative beliefs and personal involvement moderated the relationship between descriptive normative beliefs and conservation behavior. High personal involvement weakened the relationship, whereas high injunctive normative beliefs strengthened it. We conclude from these findings that descriptive normative beliefs influence conservation behavior through a rather nonconscious, peripheral route of information processing, while personal involvement motivates a more elaborate, central route of information processing. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Multiple regression: testing and interpreting interactions
(1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-3352 · Cited by 36,654
Advances In Experimental Social Psychology
(2022) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(22)x0002-6 · Cited by 22,259
The Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion
Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1986) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60214-2 · Cited by 8,822
Cialdini, R. B., Reno, R. R., & Kallgren, C. A. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.58.6.1015 · Cited by 5,965
Self-citationA study of normative and informational social influences upon individual judgment.
Deutsch, M., & Gerard, H. B. (1955) · The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0046408 · Cited by 4,819
Central and Peripheral Routes to Advertising Effectiveness: The Moderating Role of Involvement
Petty, R. E., Cacioppo, J. T., & Schumann, D. (1983) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/208954 · Cited by 4,610
The Constructive, Destructive, and Reconstructive Power of Social Norms
Schultz, P. W., Nolan, J. M., Cialdini, R. B., Goldstein, N. J., & Griskevicius, V. (2007) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01917.x · Cited by 3,643
Self-citationA Room with a Viewpoint: Using Social Norms to Motivate Environmental Conservation in Hotels
Goldstein, N. J., Cialdini, R. B., & Griskevicius, V. (2008) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/586910 · Cited by 3,409 · cited 1×
“See also Agostinelli, Brown, and Miller (1995); Donaldson, Graham, and Hansen (1994); Donaldson, Graham, Piccinin, and Hansen (1995); Goldstein, Cialdini, and Griskevicius (2008); Perkins (2002, 2003); Perkins and Berkowitz (1986); and Schultz, Nolan, Cialdini, Goldstein, and Griskevicius (2007)…”
BackgroundSelf-citationThielke, S. M. (2004) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.55.9.1071 · Cited by 3,052
(1998) · Cited by 2,641
Dantzer, R. (1990) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(90)90065-v · Cited by 2,354
Normative social influence is underdetected
Nolan, J. M., Schultz, P. W., Cialdini, R. B., Goldstein, N. J., & Griskevicius, V. (2008) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167208316691 · Cited by 1,772
Self-citationMultiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions
Toothaker, L. E. (1994) · Journal of the Operational Research Society · doi:10.1057/jors.1994.16 · Cited by 1,720
Crafting Normative Messages to Protect the Environment
Cialdini, R. B. (2003) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-8721.01242 · Cited by 1,553
Self-citationGroup norms and the attitude-behavior relationship: A role for group identification
Terry, D. J., & Hogg, M. A. (1996) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167296228002 · Cited by 1,444
Dawes, R. M., McTavish, J., & Shaklee, H. (1977) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.35.1.1 · Cited by 1,044
Perkins, H. W., & Berkowitz, A. D. (1986) · International Journal of the Addictions · doi:10.3109/10826088609077249 · Cited by 1,017
Managing social norms for persuasive impact
Cialdini, R. B., Demaine, L. J., Sagarin, B. J., Barrett, D. W., Rhoads, K., & Winter, P. L. (2006) · Social Influence · doi:10.1080/15534510500181459 · Cited by 1,017
Self-citationEffects of involvement on persuasion: A meta-analysis.
Johnson, B. T., & Eagly, A. H. (1989) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.106.2.290 · Cited by 983
How Behaviors are Influenced by Perceived Norms: A Test of the Theory of Normative Social Behavior
Rimal, R. N., & Real, K. (2005) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650205275385 · Cited by 927
Social norms and the prevention of alcohol misuse in collegiate contexts.
Perkins, H. W. (2002) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Supplement · doi:10.15288/jsas.2002.s14.164 · Cited by 860
Changing Behavior With Normative Feedback Interventions: A Field Experiment on Curbside Recycling
Schultz, P. W. (1999) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1207/15324839951036533 · Cited by 686
Self-citationNeighbors, C., Larimer, M. E., & Lewis, M. A. (2004) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.72.3.434 · Cited by 661
Perkins, H. W. (2003) · Cited by 538
Cialdini, R. B., Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1981) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.32.020181.002041 · Cited by 470
Self-citationWechsler, H., Nelson, T. E., Lee, J. E., Seibring, M., Lewis, C., & Keeling, R. P. (2003) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.2003.64.484 · Cited by 428
Determinants of recycling behavior: A synthesis of research results
Hornik, J., Cherian, J., Madansky, M., & Narayana, C. (1995) · The Journal of Socio-Economics · doi:10.1016/1053-5357(95)90032-2 · Cited by 426
Krosnick, J. A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.55.2.196 · Cited by 410
Using normative social influence to promote conservation among hotel guests
Schultz, W. P., Khazian, A. M., & Zaleski, A. C. (2008) · Social Influence · doi:10.1080/15534510701755614 · Cited by 405
Krosnick, J. A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.55.2.196 · Cited by 350
Effects of Normative Feedback on Consumption among Heavy Drinking College Students
Agostinelli, G., Brown, J. M., & Miller, W. R. (1995) · Journal of Drug Education · doi:10.2190/xd56-d6wr-7195-eal3 · Cited by 323
Pro‐Environmental Habits: Propensity Levels in Behavioral Change1
Dahlstrand, U., & Biel, A. (1997) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1997.tb00650.x · Cited by 249
Donaldson, S. I., Graham, J. W., & Hansen, W. B. (1994) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf01858105 · Cited by 211
Staats, H. J., Wit, A. P., & Midden, C. Y. H. (1996) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1006/jema.1996.0015 · Cited by 197
Lee, C. M., Geisner, I. M., Lewis, M. A., Neighbors, C., & Larimer, M. E. (2007) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.15288/jsad.2007.68.714 · Cited by 177
Personal involvement, social judgment, and action.
Sherif, C. W., Kelly, M., Rodgers, H. L., Sarup, G., & Tittler, B. I. (1973) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0034948 · Cited by 171
TARGET ARTICLE: Basic Social Influence Is Underestimated
Cialdini, R. B. (2005) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1604_03 · Cited by 157
Self-citationDonaldson, S. I., Graham, J. A., Piccinin, A. M., & Hansen, W. B. (1995) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037//0278-6133.14.4.291 · Cited by 153
Corral-Verdugo, V., Armenta, M. F., Urias, F., Cabrera, V. O., & Gallego, N. B. E. (2002) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/s00267-002-2599-5 · Cited by 143
The emergence and evolution of the social norms approach to substance abuse prevention.
Perkins, H. W. (2003) · Cited by 136
Individualist and collectivist norms: when it's ok to go your own way
McAuliffe, B. J., Jetten, J., Hornsey, M. J., & Hogg, M. A. (2002) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.129 · Cited by 115
A failed norms social marketing campaign.
Clapp, J. D., Lange, J. E., Russell, C., Shillington, A., & Voas, R. B. (2003) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.2003.64.409 · Cited by 113
The role of uncertainty in resource dilemmas
Biel, A., & Gärling, T. (1995) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/0272-4944(95)90005-5 · Cited by 98
Eisenberg, M. E., & Wechsler, H. (2003) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(03)00057-1 · Cited by 79
Group Norms, Prototypicality, and Persuasion
van Knippenberg, D. (1999) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410603210-9 · Cited by 44
A Travel-Cost Method of Evaluating Household Hazardous Waste Disposal Services
Anex, R. P. (1995) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1006/jema.1995.0067 · Cited by 41
Doing what the mob do: priming effects on conformity
Pendry, L. F., & Carrick, R. (2001) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.33 · Cited by 37
Jetten (1997) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0992(199709/10)27:5<603::aid-ejsp816>3.0.co;2-b
Cited by
Hope and climate change: the importance of hope for environmental engagement among young people
Ojala, M. (2012) · Environmental Education Research · doi:10.1080/13504622.2011.637157 · Cited by 988
A Social Identity Model of Pro-Environmental Action (SIMPEA).
Fritsche, I., Barth, M., Jugert, P., Masson, T., & Reese, G. (2018) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/rev0000090 · Cited by 632
Changing Norms to Change Behavior
Miller, D. T., & Prentice, D. A. (2016) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010814-015013 · Cited by 527
A Re-Explication of Social Norms, Ten Years Later
Rimal, R. N., & Lapinski, M. K. (2015) · Communication Theory · doi:10.1111/comt.12080 · Cited by 403
Peer influence on household energy behaviours
Wolske, K. S., Gillingham, K. T., & Schultz, P. W. (2020) · Nature Energy · doi:10.1038/s41560-019-0541-9 · Cited by 371
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Göckeritz, S., Schultz, P. W., Rendón, T., Cialdini, R. B., Goldstein, N. J., & Griskevicius, V.
- Venue
- European Journal of Social Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-06-03
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 514-523
- ISSN
- 0046-2772 (ISSN-L)
- 1099-0992
- OpenAlex
- W2165784380
- Cited by
- 320
- References
- 48
- FWCI
- 23.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
