Why do female primates have such long lifespans and so few babies?or Life in the slow lane
Abstract
A major goal of life history studies is to identify and explain features of the life history of individual species that follow broad rules across many groups of organisms, features that are characteristic of particular phylogenetic lineages, and features that are specific adaptations, to local ecological situations. In recent years we have developed a general theory of life history that interrelates many aspects of ontogeny and reproduction across a wide range of organisms. Contrasted to most other mammals, primates have long average adult lifespans and few babies per year for their adult body size. This new theory suggests that these aspects of life history follow directly from the fact that primates have slow individual growth rates. This slow growth rate is thus the basic phenomenon that needs explanation to understand primate slowness.
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Although the slow primate life history strategy is commonly thought to reflect an energy allocation strategy of increased somatic investment and decreased mortality, our results suggest that low growth and reproduction rates may also stem at least in part from decreased energy throughput.
“Although this slow primate life history strategy is commonly thought to reflect an energy allocation strategy of increased somatic investment and decreased mortality (9), our results suggest that low growth and reproduction rates may also stem at least in part from decreased energy throughput.”
From Metabolic adaptation for low energy throughput in orangutans. (2010) · cites this paper as [9]
Primates generally have low rates of growth and reproduction relative to other mammals.
“Primates generally have low rates of growth and reproduction relative to other mammals (9).”
From Metabolic adaptation for low energy throughput in orangutans. (2010) · cites this paper as [9]
An accelerated metabolic rate in the hominin lineage would be consistent with humans' high rate of reproduction and large brains relative to other apes.
“An accelerated metabolic rate in the hominin lineage would be consistent with humans’ high rate of reproduction (7) and large brains (9, 11) relative to other apes.”
From Metabolic adaptation for low energy throughput in orangutans. (2010) · cites this paper as [9]
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- Authors
- Charnov, E. L., & Berrigan, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Utah (US)
- ORCID
- Berrigan, David
- Venue
- Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1993-01
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 191-194
- ISSN
- 1060-1538 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-6505
- OpenAlex
- W1980730784
- Cited by
- 419
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 9.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Evolutionary Anthropology Issues News and Reviews (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Keywords
- primate life history, lifespan, reproductive rate, slow growth rate, ontogeny, body size
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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