Work Stress and the Risk of Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
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Epidemiological studies have explored the relationship between work stress and the risk of cancer, but it remains unclear on whether work stress could increase the risk of cancer, or by other factors such as smoking and physical activity. Our study aimed to investigate the association between work stress and the risk of cancer and in relation to major potential confounding and modifying factors. We systematically searched three electronic databases, hand-searched references and citations of retrieved articles, and consulted experts to identify studies on assessing the association between work stress and the risk of cancer. The relative risks (RRs) of cancer associated with work stress were estimated using a random-effects model, and stratified by exposure measurement, study design, gender, study location, cancer site, smoking, drinking, body mass index, and physical activity. A total of 281,290 participants were included in this analysis. The significant association between work stress and the risk of colorectal (RR = 1.36; 95%CI: 1.16-1.59), lung (RR = 1.24; 95%CI: 1.02-1.49), and esophagus (RR = 2.12; 95%CI: 1.30-3.47) cancers were found. A statistically significant effect of work stress on colorectal cancer risk was observed in North America (RR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.23-1.86, but not significant in Europe (RR = 1.16, 95% CI: 0.90-1.48). By contrast, a significant association between work stress and esophagus cancer was found in Europe, but not in North America. In addition, we did not observe any association between work stress and the risk of prostate, breast, or ovarian cancers. Findings of our study show that work stress is an important risk factor for colorectal, lung, and esophagus cancers. General public should be aware of the increased risk of cancer in employers with work stress. More efforts should be focused on understanding and studying the potential mechanisms which would help to identify employees at higher risk of these cancers.
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Reductions in perceived stress correlate with decreases in right basolateral amygdala gray matter density.
“Neurobiological studies have identified the amygdala as a crucial brain region in stress responses, with research showing that reductions in perceived stress correlate with decreases in right basolateral amygdala gray matter density [4,5,6,7].”
From Comprehensive review of chronic stress pathways and the efficacy of behavioral stress reduction programs (BSRPs) in managing diseases. (2024) · cites this paper as [6]
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- Authors
- Yang, T., Qiao, Y., Xiang, S., Li, W., Gan, Y., & Chen, Y.
- Affiliations
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital (CN)
- Department of Prevention and Healthcare Tianjin Union Medical Center Tianjin People's Republic of China
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Gan, Yong
- Chen, Yongchun
- Venue
- International Journal of Cancer
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2018-12-08
- Volume
- 144
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2390-2400
- ISSN
- 0020-7136 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0215
- OpenAlex
- W2903245043
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 0.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Cancer (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (71804049)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
- Keywords
- occupational stress, cancer risk, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, smoking, physical activity, body mass index, alcohol consumption, confounding factors
- MeSH terms
- Occupational Stress, Europe, Humans, Neoplasms, North America, Risk Factors, Observational Studies as Topic
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